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Literature summary extracted from
- Purification and characterization of hyoscyamine 6 beta-hydroxylase from root cultures of Hyoscyamus niger L. Hydroxylase and epoxidase activities in the enzyme preparation (1987), Eur. J. Biochem., 164, 277-285.
Activating Compound
| EC Number | Activating Compound | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.14.11.11 | 5,7-dimethyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropterin | partial activation | Hyoscyamus niger |  |
| 1.14.11.11 | ascorbate | 4 mM, 5.9fold stimulation | Hyoscyamus niger | |
| 1.14.11.11 | catalase | activation | Hyoscyamus niger | |
| 1.14.11.11 | dehydroascorbate | partial activation | Hyoscyamus niger | |
| 1.14.11.11 | dithiothreitol | partial activation | Hyoscyamus niger | |
| 1.14.11.11 | isoascorbate | partial activation | Hyoscyamus niger | |
Inhibitors
| EC Number | Inhibitors | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.14.11.11 | 1,10-phenanthroline | 0.1 mM, 35% inhibition | Hyoscyamus niger | |
| 1.14.11.11 | 2,2'-dipyridyl | 0.1 mM, 15% inhibition | Hyoscyamus niger | |
| 1.14.11.11 | 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate | - |
Hyoscyamus niger | |
| 1.14.11.11 | 3,4-dihydroxycinnamate | - |
Hyoscyamus niger | |
| 1.14.11.11 | 3,4-dihydroxymandelate | - |
Hyoscyamus niger | |
| 1.14.11.11 | 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetate | - |
Hyoscyamus niger | |
| 1.14.11.11 | 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylpropionate | - |
Hyoscyamus niger | |
| 1.14.11.11 | 3-oxoglutaric acid | - |
Hyoscyamus niger | |
| 1.14.11.11 | 5,7-dehydrohyoscyamine | - |
Hyoscyamus niger | |
| 1.14.11.11 | Apoatropine | - |
Hyoscyamus niger | |
| 1.14.11.11 | Bathocuproine | 0.1 mM, 27% inhibition | Hyoscyamus niger | |
| 1.14.11.11 | Ca2+ | 0.4 mM, 11% inhibition | Hyoscyamus niger | |
| 1.14.11.11 | Cd2+ | 0.4 mM, complete inhibition | Hyoscyamus niger | |
| 1.14.11.11 | Co2+ | 0.4 mM, complete inhibition | Hyoscyamus niger | |
| 1.14.11.11 | Cu2+ | 0.4 mM, complete inhibition | Hyoscyamus niger | |
| 1.14.11.11 | diethyldithiocarbamate | 0.1 mM, 37% inhibition | Hyoscyamus niger | |
| 1.14.11.11 | EDTA | 0.1 mM, 67% inhibition | Hyoscyamus niger | |
| 1.14.11.11 | Fe3+ | 0.4 mM, 28% inhibition | Hyoscyamus niger | |
| 1.14.11.11 | fumarate | - |
Hyoscyamus niger | |
| 1.14.11.11 | Hg2+ | 0.4 mM, 96% inhibition | Hyoscyamus niger | |
| 1.14.11.11 | L-Homatropine | - |
Hyoscyamus niger | |
| 1.14.11.11 | Mn2+ | 0.4 mM, 95% inhibition | Hyoscyamus niger | |
| 1.14.11.11 | Ni2+ | 0.4 mM, 96% inhibition | Hyoscyamus niger | |
| 1.14.11.11 | nitroblue tetrazolium | - |
Hyoscyamus niger | |
| 1.14.11.11 | Noratropine-N-acetic acid | - |
Hyoscyamus niger | |
| 1.14.11.11 | Phenylacetyltropine | - |
Hyoscyamus niger | |
| 1.14.11.11 | pyridine 2,3-dicarboxylate | competitive with respect to 2-oxoglutarate | Hyoscyamus niger | |
| 1.14.11.11 | Pyridine 2,4-dicarboxylate | competitive with respect to 2-oxoglutarate | Hyoscyamus niger | |
| 1.14.11.11 | Pyridine 3,4-dicarboxylate | - |
Hyoscyamus niger | |
| 1.14.11.11 | Tiron | 0.1 mM, 44% inhibition | Hyoscyamus niger | |
| 1.14.11.11 | Zn2+ | 0.4 mM, complete inhibition | Hyoscyamus niger | |
KM Value [mM]
| EC Number | KM Value [mM] | KM Value Maximum [mM] | Substrate | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.14.11.11 | 0.01 | - |
6,7-Dehydrohyoscyamine | - |
Hyoscyamus niger | |
| 1.14.11.11 | 0.035 | - |
L-hyoscyamine | - |
Hyoscyamus niger | |
| 1.14.11.11 | 0.043 | - |
2-oxoglutarate | - |
Hyoscyamus niger | |
Metals/Ions
| EC Number | Metals/Ions | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.14.11.11 | Fe2+ | activates | Hyoscyamus niger | |
Molecular Weight [Da]
| EC Number | Molecular Weight [Da] | Molecular Weight Maximum [Da] | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.14.11.11 | 19000 | - |
x * 39000 + x * 19000, SDS-PAGE | Hyoscyamus niger |
| 1.14.11.11 | 39000 | - |
x * 39000 + x * 19000, SDS-PAGE | Hyoscyamus niger |
| 1.14.11.11 | 41000 | - |
gel filtration | Hyoscyamus niger |
Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)
| EC Number | Natural Substrates | Organism | Comment (Nat. Sub.) | Natural Products | Comment (Nat. Pro.) | Rev. | Reac. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.14.11.11 | L-hyoscyamine + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 | Hyoscyamus niger | enzyme is involved in biosynthetic pathway leading to scopolamine | 6beta-hydroxyhyoscyamine + succinate + CO2 | - |
? | |
Organism
| EC Number | Organism | UniProt | Comment | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.14.11.11 | Hyoscyamus niger | - |
- |
- |
Purification (Commentary)
| EC Number | Purification (Comment) | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| 1.14.11.11 | - |
Hyoscyamus niger |
Source Tissue
| EC Number | Source Tissue | Comment | Organism | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.14.11.11 | root | culture | Hyoscyamus niger | - |
Specific Activity [micromol/min/mg]
| EC Number | Specific Activity Minimum [µmol/min/mg] | Specific Activity Maximum [µmol/min/mg] | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.14.11.11 | additional information | - |
- |
Hyoscyamus niger |
Storage Stability
| EC Number | Storage Stability | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| 1.14.11.11 | -20°C, stable for more than 3 months | Hyoscyamus niger |
Substrates and Products (Substrate)
| EC Number | Substrates | Comment Substrates | Organism | Products | Comment (Products) | Rev. | Reac. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.14.11.11 | 2-hydroxy-3-phenylpropionyltropine + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 | 15% of the activity with L-hyoscyamine | Hyoscyamus niger | 2-hydroxy-3-phenylpropionyl-6-hydroxytropine + succinate + CO2 | - |
? | |
| 1.14.11.11 | 2-oxoglutarate + p-hydroxyatropine + O2 | 26% of the activity with L-hyoscyamine | Hyoscyamus niger | ? | - |
? | |
| 1.14.11.11 | 2-oxoglutarate + trans-cinnamoyltropine + O2 | 39% of the activity with L-hyoscyamine | Hyoscyamus niger | succinate + trans-cinnamoyl-6-hydroxytropine + CO2 | - |
? | |
| 1.14.11.11 | 3-hydroxy-3-phenylpropionyltropine + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 | 56% of the activity with L-hyoscyamine | Hyoscyamus niger | 3-hydroxy-3-phenylpropionyl-6-hydroxytropine + succinate + CO2 | - |
? | |
| 1.14.11.11 | 6,7-dehydrohyoscyamine + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 | 119% of the activity with L-hyoscyamine | Hyoscyamus niger | scopolamine + succinate + CO2 | - |
? | |
| 1.14.11.11 | apoatropine + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 | 45% of the activity with L-hyoscyamine | Hyoscyamus niger | 6-hydroxyapoatropine + succinate + CO2 | - |
? | |
| 1.14.11.11 | isobutyltropine + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 | 15% of the activity with L-hyoscyamine | Hyoscyamus niger | ? | - |
? | |
| 1.14.11.11 | L-homatropine + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 | 81% of the activity with L-hyoscyamine | Hyoscyamus niger | 6-hydroxyhomatropine + succinate + CO2 | - |
? | |
| 1.14.11.11 | L-hyoscyamine + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 | - |
Hyoscyamus niger | 6beta-hydroxyhyoscyamine + succinate + CO2 | - |
? | |
| 1.14.11.11 | L-hyoscyamine + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 | enzyme is involved in biosynthetic pathway leading to scopolamine | Hyoscyamus niger | 6beta-hydroxyhyoscyamine + succinate + CO2 | - |
? | |
| 1.14.11.11 | L-norhyoscyamine + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 | 81% of the activity with L-hyoscyamine | Hyoscyamus niger | 6-hydroxynorhyoscyamine + succinate + CO2 | - |
? | |
| 1.14.11.11 | additional information | high specificity for 2-oxoglutarate in hydroxylation | Hyoscyamus niger | ? | - |
? | |
| 1.14.11.11 | noratropine-N-acetic acid + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 | 17% of the activity with L-hyoscyamine | Hyoscyamus niger | ? | - |
? | |
| 1.14.11.11 | phenylacetyltropine + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 | 81% of the activity with L-hyoscyamine | Hyoscyamus niger | 6-hydroxyphenylacetyltropine + succinate + CO2 | - |
? | |
| 1.14.11.11 | phenylalanyltropine + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 | 8% of the activity with L-hyoscyamine | Hyoscyamus niger | ? | - |
? | |
Subunits
| EC Number | Subunits | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1.14.11.11 | ? | x * 39000 + x * 19000, SDS-PAGE | Hyoscyamus niger |
pH Optimum
| EC Number | pH Optimum Minimum | pH Optimum Maximum | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.14.11.11 | 7.8 | - |
- |
Hyoscyamus niger |
pH Range
| EC Number | pH Minimum | pH Maximum | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.14.11.11 | 6 | 9 | about 50% of maximal activity at pH 6.0 and pH 9.0 | Hyoscyamus niger |
Ki Value [mM]
| EC Number | Ki Value [mM] | Ki Value maximum [mM] | Inhibitor | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.14.11.11 | 0.009 | - |
Pyridine 2,4-dicarboxylate | - |
Hyoscyamus niger | |
| 1.14.11.11 | 0.09 | - |
Pyridine 3,4-dicarboxylate | - |
Hyoscyamus niger | |
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