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Literature summary extracted from
- Phenylalanine 4-monooxygenase from rat liver (1987), Methods Enzymol., 142, 3-17.
Activating Compound
| EC Number | Activating Compound | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.14.16.1 | lysolecithin | - |
Rattus norvegicus |  |
| 1.14.16.1 | additional information | - |
Rattus norvegicus | |
| 1.14.16.1 | Phospholipids | activate | Rattus norvegicus | |
Inhibitors
| EC Number | Inhibitors | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.14.16.1 | 2,2'-dipyridine | - |
Rattus norvegicus | |
| 1.14.16.1 | 8-hydroxyquinoline | - |
Rattus norvegicus | |
| 1.14.16.1 | catechol | - |
Rattus norvegicus | |
| 1.14.16.1 | diethyldithiocarbamate | - |
Rattus norvegicus | |
| 1.14.16.1 | Dopa | - |
Rattus norvegicus | |
| 1.14.16.1 | dopamine | - |
Rattus norvegicus | |
| 1.14.16.1 | halogenated phenylalanine | moderate | Rattus norvegicus | |
| 1.14.16.1 | additional information | not inhibited by EDTA | Rattus norvegicus | |
| 1.14.16.1 | norepinephrine | - |
Rattus norvegicus | |
| 1.14.16.1 | o-phenanthroline | - |
Rattus norvegicus | |
| 1.14.16.1 | S-methyl-L-cysteine | 6 mM, 55% inhibition | Rattus norvegicus | |
KM Value [mM]
| EC Number | KM Value [mM] | KM Value Maximum [mM] | Substrate | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.14.16.1 | 0.002 | 0.004 | tetrahydrobiopterin | - |
Rattus norvegicus | |
| 1.14.16.1 | 0.05 | 0.06 | 6,7-dimethyltetrahydropterin | - |
Rattus norvegicus | |
| 1.14.16.1 | 0.2 | - |
phenylalanine | cofactor tetrahydrobiopterin | Rattus norvegicus | |
| 1.14.16.1 | 0.47 | - |
thienylalanine | native enzyme | Rattus norvegicus | |
| 1.14.16.1 | 0.47 | - |
thienylalanine | native enzyme, cofactor tetrahydrobiopterin | Rattus norvegicus | |
| 1.14.16.1 | 1.3 | - |
phenylalanine | cofactor 6,7-dimethyltetrahydrobiopterin | Rattus norvegicus | |
| 1.14.16.1 | 1.7 | - |
thienylalanine | cofactor tetrahydrobiopterin, lysolecithin activated enzyme | Rattus norvegicus | |
| 1.14.16.1 | 1.7 | - |
thienylalanine | lysolecithin-activated enzyme | Rattus norvegicus | |
Localization
| EC Number | Localization | Comment | Organism | GeneOntology No. | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.14.16.1 | cytosol | - |
Rattus norvegicus | 5829 | - |
Metals/Ions
| EC Number | Metals/Ions | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.14.16.1 | Iron | iron-protein | Rattus norvegicus | |
Molecular Weight [Da]
| EC Number | Molecular Weight [Da] | Molecular Weight Maximum [Da] | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.14.16.1 | 51000 | 55000 | monomeric form, enzyme exists as monomer, dimer and tetramer | Rattus norvegicus |
| 1.14.16.1 | 100000 | 110000 | dimeric form, enzyme exists as monomer, dimer and tetramer | Rattus norvegicus |
| 1.14.16.1 | 200000 | 210000 | tetrameric species accounts for 78% of the total enzyme, enzyme exists as monomer, dimer and tetramer | Rattus norvegicus |
Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)
| EC Number | Natural Substrates | Organism | Comment (Nat. Sub.) | Natural Products | Comment (Nat. Pro.) | Rev. | Reac. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.14.16.1 | L-phenylalanine + (6R)-tetrahydrobiopterin + O2 | Rattus norvegicus | in mammals rate-limiting step in complete catabolism of phenylalanine to CO2 and water | L-tyrosine + (6R)-dihydrobiopterin + H2O | - |
? | |
Organism
| EC Number | Organism | UniProt | Comment | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.14.16.1 | Rattus norvegicus | - |
- |
- |
Purification (Commentary)
| EC Number | Purification (Comment) | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| 1.14.16.1 | - |
Rattus norvegicus |
Source Tissue
| EC Number | Source Tissue | Comment | Organism | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.14.16.1 | liver | - |
Rattus norvegicus | - |
Specific Activity [micromol/min/mg]
| EC Number | Specific Activity Minimum [µmol/min/mg] | Specific Activity Maximum [µmol/min/mg] | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.14.16.1 | 0.59 | - |
- |
Rattus norvegicus |
Storage Stability
| EC Number | Storage Stability | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| 1.14.16.1 | -80°C, 1 year, 30% loss of activity | Rattus norvegicus |
Substrates and Products (Substrate)
| EC Number | Substrates | Comment Substrates | Organism | Products | Comment (Products) | Rev. | Reac. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.14.16.1 | 2-fluorophenylalanine + tetrahydrobiopterin + O2 | - |
Rattus norvegicus | ? | - |
? | |
| 1.14.16.1 | 3-fluorophenylalanine + tetrahydrobiopterin + O2 | - |
Rattus norvegicus | ? | - |
? | |
| 1.14.16.1 | 3-phenylserine + tetrahydrobiopterin + O2 | - |
Rattus norvegicus | ? | - |
? | |
| 1.14.16.1 | 4-chlorophenylalanine + tetrahydrobiopterin + O2 | - |
Rattus norvegicus | ? | - |
? | |
| 1.14.16.1 | 4-fluorophenylalanine + tetrahydrobiopterin + O2 | - |
Rattus norvegicus | ? | - |
? | |
| 1.14.16.1 | beta-2-thienylalanine + tetrahydrobiopterin + O2 | - |
Rattus norvegicus | ? | - |
? | |
| 1.14.16.1 | L-methionine + tetrahydrobiopterin + O2 | lysolecithin activated enzyme | Rattus norvegicus | ? | - |
? | |
| 1.14.16.1 | L-norleucine + tetrahydrobiopterin + O2 | lysolecithin activated enzyme | Rattus norvegicus | ? | - |
? | |
| 1.14.16.1 | L-phenylalanine + (6R)-tetrahydrobiopterin + O2 | in mammals rate-limiting step in complete catabolism of phenylalanine to CO2 and water | Rattus norvegicus | L-tyrosine + (6R)-dihydrobiopterin + H2O | - |
? | |
| 1.14.16.1 | L-phenylalanine + tetrahydrobiopterin + O2 | additional electron donors: 6-methylpterin, 6,7-dimethyltetrahydropterin | Rattus norvegicus | L-tyrosine + dihydrobiopterin + H2O | 4-alpha-carbinolamine is the first free pterin product formed | ? | |
| 1.14.16.1 | L-phenylalanine + tetrahydrobiopterin + O2 | specificity is quantitatively altered when the enzyme is activated by lysolecithin | Rattus norvegicus | L-tyrosine + dihydrobiopterin + H2O | 4-alpha-carbinolamine is the first free pterin product formed | ? | |
| 1.14.16.1 | L-phenylalanine + tetrahydrobiopterin + O2 | additional electron donors: 6-methyltetrahydropterin, 7-methylpterin, and 2,4,5-triamino-6-hydroxypyrimidine | Rattus norvegicus | L-tyrosine + dihydrobiopterin + H2O | 4-alpha-carbinolamine is the first free pterin product formed | ? | |
| 1.14.16.1 | L-phenylalanine + tetrahydrobiopterin + O2 | low activity with tetrahydrobiopterin can be selectively increased by a wide variety of reversible and irreversible modificators of the enzyme, e.g. interaction with phospholipids | Rattus norvegicus | L-tyrosine + dihydrobiopterin + H2O | 4-alpha-carbinolamine is the first free pterin product formed | ? | |
| 1.14.16.1 | L-tryptophan + tetrahydrobiopterin + O2 | - |
Rattus norvegicus | ? | - |
? | |
| 1.14.16.1 | m-tyrosine + tetrahydrobiopterin + O2 | - |
Rattus norvegicus | ? | - |
? | |
| 1.14.16.1 | p-methylphenylalanine + tetrahydrobiopterin + O2 | - |
Rattus norvegicus | ? | - |
? | |
| 1.14.16.1 | S-methyl-L-cysteine + tetrahydrobiopterin + O2 | lysolecithin activated enzyme | Rattus norvegicus | ? | - |
? | |
| 1.14.16.1 | thienylalanine + tetrahydrobiopterin | - |
Rattus norvegicus | ? | - |
r | |
Subunits
| EC Number | Subunits | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1.14.16.1 | dimer | enzyme exists as monomer, dimer and tetramer | Rattus norvegicus |
| 1.14.16.1 | monomer | enzyme exists as monomer, dimer and tetramer | Rattus norvegicus |
| 1.14.16.1 | tetramer | enzyme exists as monomer, dimer and tetramer | Rattus norvegicus |
Cofactor
| EC Number | Cofactor | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.14.16.1 | additional information | artificial cofactors: 6-methyltetrahydropterin, 6,7-dimethyltetrahydropterin | Rattus norvegicus | |
| 1.14.16.1 | additional information | artificial cofactor: 2,4,5-triamino-6-hydroxypyrimidine | Rattus norvegicus | |
| 1.14.16.1 | additional information | artificial cofactors: 6-methyltetrahydropterin, 7-methylpterin | Rattus norvegicus | |
| 1.14.16.1 | tetrahydrobiopterin | - |
Rattus norvegicus | |
Ki Value [mM]
| EC Number | Ki Value [mM] | Ki Value maximum [mM] | Inhibitor | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.14.16.1 | 0.01 | - |
catechol | - |
Rattus norvegicus | |
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