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Literature summary extracted from

  • Zhao, G.; Winkler, M.E.
    A novel alpha-ketoglutarate reductase activity of the serA-encoded 3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase of Escherichia coli K-12, and its possible implications for human 2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria (1996), J. Bacteriol., 178, 232-239.
    View publication on PubMedView publication on EuropePMC

Cloned(Commentary)

EC Number Cloned (Comment) Organism
1.1.1.95 overexpression of serA gene, that codes for the enzyme, in Escherichia coli strain JM105 Escherichia coli
1.1.1.399 expressed in Escherichia coli JM105 cells Escherichia coli

Crystallization (Commentary)

EC Number Crystallization (Comment) Organism
1.1.1.95
-
Escherichia coli

Inhibitors

EC Number Inhibitors Comment Organism Structure
1.1.1.95 3-phosphoglycerate
-
Escherichia coli
1.1.1.95 glycine
-
Escherichia coli
1.1.1.95 hydroxyglutarate product inhibition of the alpha-ketoglutarate reduction Escherichia coli
1.1.1.95 L-serine allosteric inhibition, regulates the pathway of serine biosynthesis by end product inhibition interacting with His344, Asn346 and Asn364 Escherichia coli
1.1.1.399 3-phosphoglycerate noncompetitive inhibition Escherichia coli
1.1.1.399 D-2-hydroxyglutaric acid competitive inhibition Escherichia coli
1.1.1.399 glycine
-
Escherichia coli
1.1.1.399 L-serine noncompetitive inhibition Escherichia coli

KM Value [mM]

EC Number KM Value [mM] KM Value Maximum [mM] Substrate Comment Organism Structure
1.1.1.95 0.0032
-
3-phosphohydroxypyruvate apparent Escherichia coli
1.1.1.95 0.088
-
alpha-ketoglutarate apparent Escherichia coli
1.1.1.399 0.088
-
2-oxoglutarate at pH 7.5 and 37°C Escherichia coli

Molecular Weight [Da]

EC Number Molecular Weight [Da] Molecular Weight Maximum [Da] Comment Organism
1.1.1.399 46000
-
x * 46000, SDS-PAGE Escherichia coli

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

EC Number Natural Substrates Organism Comment (Nat. Sub.) Natural Products Comment (Nat. Pro.) Rev. Reac.
1.1.1.95 3-phosphoglycerate + NAD+ Escherichia coli allosteric inhibition by L-serine, L-serine regulates the pathway of serine biosynthesis by end product inhibition interacting with His344, Asn346 and Asn364, 1 serine binds per subunit 3-phosphohydroxypyruvate + NADH
-
r
1.1.1.399 (R)-2-hydroxyglutarate + NAD+ Escherichia coli
-
2-oxoglutarate + NADH + H+
-
r
1.1.1.399 2-oxoglutarate + NADH + H+ Escherichia coli
-
(R)-2-hydroxyglutarate + NAD+
-
r

Organism

EC Number Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
1.1.1.95 Escherichia coli
-
-
-
1.1.1.399 Escherichia coli
-
-
-

Purification (Commentary)

EC Number Purification (Comment) Organism
1.1.1.95
-
Escherichia coli
1.1.1.399 DEAE-cellulose column chromatography, hydroxyapatite column chromatography, and 5'-AMP-Sepharose affinity column chromatography Escherichia coli

Reaction

EC Number Reaction Comment Organism Reaction ID
1.1.1.95 3-phospho-D-glycerate + NAD+ = 3-phosphooxypyruvate + NADH + H+ member of the 2-hydroxyacid dehydrogenases family, whereof only the enzymes from E. coli and Pisum sativum utilize phosphorylated substrates and transfer the hydride ion to the A-site of NAD+, uses also alpha-ketoglutarate as substrate Escherichia coli

Specific Activity [micromol/min/mg]

EC Number Specific Activity Minimum [µmol/min/mg] Specific Activity Maximum [µmol/min/mg] Comment Organism
1.1.1.95 8.7
-
3-phosphohydroxypyruvate reduction Escherichia coli
1.1.1.95 9.7
-
alpha-ketoglutarate reduction Escherichia coli
1.1.1.399 3.27
-
crude extract, at pH 7.5 and 37°C Escherichia coli
1.1.1.399 9.7
-
after 3fold purification, at pH 7.5 and 37°C Escherichia coli

Storage Stability

EC Number Storage Stability Organism
1.1.1.95 -75°C, 15% glycerol, purified stable for months Escherichia coli
1.1.1.95 4°C, purified stable for weeks Escherichia coli

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

EC Number Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
1.1.1.95 3-phosphoglycerate + NAD+
-
Escherichia coli 3-phosphohydroxypyruvate + NADH
-
r
1.1.1.95 3-phosphoglycerate + NAD+ allosteric inhibition by L-serine, L-serine regulates the pathway of serine biosynthesis by end product inhibition interacting with His344, Asn346 and Asn364, 1 serine binds per subunit Escherichia coli 3-phosphohydroxypyruvate + NADH
-
r
1.1.1.95 alpha-ketoglutarate + NADH
-
Escherichia coli 2-hydroxyglutaric acid + NAD+ both D- and L-isomer serve as substrate for the reverse reaction, but L-isomer is a poor substrate and probably due to contamination r
1.1.1.399 (R)-2-hydroxyglutarate + NAD+
-
Escherichia coli 2-oxoglutarate + NADH + H+
-
r
1.1.1.399 2-oxoglutarate + NADH + H+
-
Escherichia coli (R)-2-hydroxyglutarate + NAD+
-
r

Subunits

EC Number Subunits Comment Organism
1.1.1.399 ? x * 46000, SDS-PAGE Escherichia coli

Synonyms

EC Number Synonyms Comment Organism
1.1.1.399 alphaKG reductase
-
Escherichia coli
1.1.1.399 serA
-
Escherichia coli

Temperature Optimum [°C]

EC Number Temperature Optimum [°C] Temperature Optimum Maximum [°C] Comment Organism
1.1.1.95 45 50 reduction, but enzyme is thermally unstable, therefore assay is performed at 37°C Escherichia coli

Temperature Stability [°C]

EC Number Temperature Stability Minimum [°C] Temperature Stability Maximum [°C] Comment Organism
1.1.1.95 45
-
3 min, 40% loss of reductase activity Escherichia coli
1.1.1.399
-
40 the enzyme remains stable after 3 min incubation between 0 and 40°C, while 3 min at 45, 50 and 60°C leads to about 40, 70, and 100% loss of activity Escherichia coli

Turnover Number [1/s]

EC Number Turnover Number Minimum [1/s] Turnover Number Maximum [1/s] Substrate Comment Organism Structure
1.1.1.95 0.463
-
3-phosphohydroxypyruvate apparent Escherichia coli
1.1.1.95 0.555
-
alpha-ketoglutarate apparent Escherichia coli
1.1.1.399 33.3
-
2-oxoglutarate at pH 7.5 and 37°C Escherichia coli

pH Optimum

EC Number pH Optimum Minimum pH Optimum Maximum Comment Organism
1.1.1.95 8.5
-
3-phosphohydroxypyruvate and alpha-ketoglutarate reduction, enzyme and substrate not stable, product inhibition Escherichia coli
1.1.1.95 9.5
-
oxidation of D-3-phosphoglycerate Escherichia coli

pH Range

EC Number pH Minimum pH Maximum Comment Organism
1.1.1.95 6 8.5 activity drops sharply above pH 8.5 Escherichia coli

Cofactor

EC Number Cofactor Comment Organism Structure
1.1.1.95 NAD+ hydride ion is transferred to A-site Escherichia coli
1.1.1.95 NADH
-
Escherichia coli

Ki Value [mM]

EC Number Ki Value [mM] Ki Value maximum [mM] Inhibitor Comment Organism Structure
1.1.1.399 0.0054
-
L-serine at pH 7.5 and 37°C Escherichia coli
1.1.1.399 0.37
-
D-2-hydroxyglutaric acid at pH 7.5 and 37°C Escherichia coli
1.1.1.399 12.7
-
3-phosphoglycerate at pH 7.5 and 37°C Escherichia coli

IC50 Value

EC Number IC50 Value IC50 Value Maximum Comment Organism Inhibitor Structure
1.1.1.399 0.0076
-
at pH 7.5 and 37°C Escherichia coli L-serine

kcat/KM [mM/s]

EC Number kcat/KM Value [1/mMs-1] kcat/KM Value Maximum [1/mMs-1] Substrate Comment Organism Structure
1.1.1.399 380
-
2-oxoglutarate at pH 7.5 and 37°C Escherichia coli