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Literature summary extracted from

  • Wermuth, B.; von Wartburg, J.P.
    Aldose reductase from human tissues (1982), Methods Enzymol., 89, 181-186.
    View publication on PubMed

Activating Compound

EC Number Activating Compound Comment Organism Structure
1.1.1.21 (NH4)2SO4 activation Homo sapiens
1.1.1.21 (NH4)2SO4 0.1 M Homo sapiens

Inhibitors

EC Number Inhibitors Comment Organism Structure
1.1.1.21 3,3-Tetramethylene glutaric acid
-
Homo sapiens
1.1.1.21 7-Hydroxy-4-oxo-4H-chromen-2-carboxylic acid
-
Homo sapiens
1.1.1.21 Alrestatin 1,3-dioxo-1H-benz[de]isoquinoline-2-(3H)acetic acid Homo sapiens
1.1.1.21 Cl-
-
Homo sapiens
1.1.1.21 quercetin
-
Homo sapiens
1.1.1.21 quercitrin
-
Homo sapiens
1.1.1.21 rutin
-
Homo sapiens

Localization

EC Number Localization Comment Organism GeneOntology No. Textmining
1.1.1.21 cytoplasm
-
Homo sapiens 5737
-

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

EC Number Natural Substrates Organism Comment (Nat. Sub.) Natural Products Comment (Nat. Pro.) Rev. Reac.
1.1.1.21 aldose + NAD(P)H Homo sapiens
-
alditol + NAD(P)+
-
r
1.1.1.21 additional information Homo sapiens enzyme of sorbitol (polyol) pathway ?
-
?

Organism

EC Number Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
1.1.1.21 Homo sapiens
-
-
-

Purification (Commentary)

EC Number Purification (Comment) Organism
1.1.1.21
-
Homo sapiens

Source Tissue

EC Number Source Tissue Comment Organism Textmining
1.1.1.21 brain
-
Homo sapiens
-
1.1.1.21 heart
-
Homo sapiens
-
1.1.1.21 kidney
-
Homo sapiens
-
1.1.1.21 lens
-
Homo sapiens
-
1.1.1.21 lung
-
Homo sapiens
-
1.1.1.21 additional information no activity in human liver Homo sapiens
-
1.1.1.21 pancreas
-
Homo sapiens
-
1.1.1.21 placenta
-
Homo sapiens
-
1.1.1.21 testis
-
Homo sapiens
-

Specific Activity [micromol/min/mg]

EC Number Specific Activity Minimum [µmol/min/mg] Specific Activity Maximum [µmol/min/mg] Comment Organism
1.1.1.21 0.475
-
-
Homo sapiens

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

EC Number Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
1.1.1.21 11-deoxyisocorticosterone + NAD(P)H
-
Homo sapiens ?
-
?
1.1.1.21 2,3-bornanedione + NAD(P)H
-
Homo sapiens ?
-
?
1.1.1.21 20-isocortisol + NAD(P)H
-
Homo sapiens ?
-
?
1.1.1.21 20alpha-isocorticosterone + NAD(P)H
-
Homo sapiens ?
-
?
1.1.1.21 4-hydroxyphenylacetaldehyde + NAD(P)H
-
Homo sapiens 4-hydroxyphenylethyl alcohol + NAD(P)+
-
?
1.1.1.21 4-hydroxyphenylglycolaldehyde + NAD(P)H
-
Homo sapiens ?
-
?
1.1.1.21 4-nitrobenzaldehyde + NAD(P)H
-
Homo sapiens 4-nitrobenzyl alcohol + NAD(P)+
-
?
1.1.1.21 alditol + NAD(P)+
-
Homo sapiens aldose + NAD(P)H
-
r
1.1.1.21 aldose + NAD(P)H
-
Homo sapiens alditol + NAD(P)+
-
r
1.1.1.21 butyraldehyde + NAD(P)H
-
Homo sapiens butanol + NAD(P)+
-
?
1.1.1.21 D-galactose + NAD(P)H
-
Homo sapiens dulcitol + NAD(P)+
-
r
1.1.1.21 D-glucose + NAD(P)H
-
Homo sapiens sorbitol + NAD(P)+
-
r
1.1.1.21 D-glucuronate + NAD(P)H
-
Homo sapiens ?
-
r
1.1.1.21 D-xylose + NAD(P)H
-
Homo sapiens xylitol + NAD(P)+
-
r
1.1.1.21 decanal + NAD(P)H
-
Homo sapiens decanol + NAD(P)+
-
?
1.1.1.21 indole-3-acetaldehyde + NAD(P)H
-
Homo sapiens indole-3-ethanol + NAD(P)+
-
?
1.1.1.21 additional information oxidation of polyols to polyolaldehydes by NADP+ proceeds very slowly Homo sapiens ?
-
?
1.1.1.21 additional information enzyme of sorbitol (polyol) pathway Homo sapiens ?
-
?
1.1.1.21 xylitol + NAD(P)+
-
Homo sapiens D-xylose + NAD(P)H + H+
-
r

pH Optimum

EC Number pH Optimum Minimum pH Optimum Maximum Comment Organism
1.1.1.21 6 7 aldehyde reduction Homo sapiens

pH Stability

EC Number pH Stability pH Stability Maximum Comment Organism
1.1.1.21 5
-
4°C, unstable below Homo sapiens
1.1.1.21 6 9 4°C, several days, stable Homo sapiens

Cofactor

EC Number Cofactor Comment Organism Structure
1.1.1.21 NADH 10% of the NADPH-dependent activity Homo sapiens
1.1.1.21 NADP+
-
Homo sapiens
1.1.1.21 NADPH NADPH-specific, pro-4R hydrogen is transferred from the nicotinamide ring of the coenzyme to the substrate Homo sapiens