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Literature summary for 6.3.2.59 extracted from

  • Cellitti, S.; Ou, W.; Chiu, H.; Gruenewald, J.; Jones, D.; Hao, X.; Fan, Q.; Quinn, L.; Ng, K.; Anfora, A.; Lesley, S.; Uno, T.; Brock, A.; Geierstanger, B.
    D-Ornithine coopts pyrrolysine biosynthesis to make and insert pyrroline-carboxy-lysine (2011), Nat. Chem. Biol., 7, 528-530 .
    View publication on PubMed

Protein Variants

Protein Variants Comment Organism
additional information the Pyl operon in Methanosarcina species contains five genes encoding three biosynthetic enzymes (PylB, PylC and PylD), a specific pyrrolysyl-tRNA synthetase (PylS) and the tRNA (PylT). Transfer of these genes is necessary and sufficient to support incorporation of Pyl intoproteins in Escherichia coli at low yields. Addition of D-ornithine to culture medium has been shown to increase yields of full-length protein expression in Escherichia coli containing the Pyl synthesis genes. Development of plasmid systems with inducible promoters for high-level protein expression in both Escherichia coli and mammalian cells (HEK-293 cells) using genes from Methanosarcina mazei, overview. A new amino acid, S-2-amino-6-(R-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrrole-2-carboxamido)-hexanoic acid, named pyrroline-carboxy-lysine (Pcl), is only produced in high amounts in the presence of D-ornithine but, like Pyl, is a substrate for PylS for site-specific incorporation into proteins Methanosarcina mazei

Metals/Ions

Metals/Ions Comment Organism Structure
Mg2+ required Methanosarcina mazei

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

Natural Substrates Organism Comment (Nat. Sub.) Natural Products Comment (Nat. Pro.) Rev. Reac.
ATP + (3R)-3-methyl-D-ornithine + L-lysine Methanosarcina mazei
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ADP + phosphate + N6-[(3R)-3-methyl-D-ornithinyl]-L-lysine
-
?
additional information Methanosarcina mazei the amino acid, S-2-amino-6-(R-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrrole-2-carboxamido)-hexanoic acid, named pyrroline-carboxy-lysine (Pcl), is only produced in high amounts in the presence of D-ornithine but, like Pyl, is a substrate for PylS for site-specific incorporation into proteins ?
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-

Organism

Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
Methanosarcina mazei A0A4P8QYJ1 Methanosarcina frisia
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Substrates and Products (Substrate)

Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
ATP + (3R)-3-methyl-D-ornithine + L-lysine
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Methanosarcina mazei ADP + phosphate + N6-[(3R)-3-methyl-D-ornithinyl]-L-lysine
-
?
additional information the amino acid, S-2-amino-6-(R-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrrole-2-carboxamido)-hexanoic acid, named pyrroline-carboxy-lysine (Pcl), is only produced in high amounts in the presence of D-ornithine but, like Pyl, is a substrate for PylS for site-specific incorporation into proteins Methanosarcina mazei ?
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-

Synonyms

Synonyms Comment Organism
3-methylornithine-L-lysine ligase UniProt Methanosarcina mazei
pylC
-
Methanosarcina mazei

Cofactor

Cofactor Comment Organism Structure
ATP
-
Methanosarcina mazei

General Information

General Information Comment Organism
metabolism proposed pathway for the biosynthesis of amino acids Pyl and S-2-amino-6-(R-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrrole-2-carboxamido)-hexanoic acid, named pyrroline-carboxy-lysine (Pcl), overview. PylB does not act on Pcl or L-Lys-D-Orn but rather acts upstream of PylC and PylD. For this to occur, PylC and PylD must tolerate methylated intermediates. D-Ornithine coopts pyrrolysine biosynthesis to make and insert pyrroline-carboxy-lysine Methanosarcina mazei
additional information analysis of the incorporation of Pcl and Pyl at TAG codons, tandem mass spectrometry Methanosarcina mazei