Activating Compound | Comment | Organism | Structure |
---|---|---|---|
6-benzylaminopurine | - |
Pisum sativum | |
6-benzylaminopurine | - |
Nicotiana sp. | |
abscisic acid | - |
Solanum tuberosum | |
auxin | enhances activity of both gly I and II in Glycine max | Glycine max | |
indole acetic acid | stimulation of activity of glyoxalase I | Pisum sativum | |
kinetin | - |
Pisum sativum | |
kinetin | - |
Nicotiana sp. | |
light | red and blue light exposure increases gly I activity in dark-gron Amaranthus sp. indicating expression of enzyme is under stringent regulation by photoreceptors in plants | Amaranthus sp. | |
mannitol | - |
Solanum tuberosum | |
additional information | not only light but a number of other exogenous factors, such as hypoxai, temperature shock, and water stress, transduce their signal through Ca2+ that binds specific target proteins, including kinases, which in turn can activate gly I | Amaranthus sp. | |
additional information | not only light but a number of other exogenous factors, such as hypoxia, temperature shock, and water stress, transduce their signal through Ca2+ that binds specific target proteins, including kinases, which in turn can activate gly I | Triticum aestivum | |
additional information | not only light but a number of other exogenous factors, such as hypoxia, temperature shock, and water stress, transduce their signal through Ca2+ that binds specific target proteins, including kinases, which in turn can activate gly I | Pisum sativum | |
additional information | not only light but a number of other exogenous factors, such as hypoxia, temperature shock, and water stress, transduce their signal through Ca2+ that binds specific target proteins, including kinases, which in turn can activate gly I | Solanum tuberosum | |
additional information | not only light but a number of other exogenous factors, such as hypoxia, temperature shock, and water stress, transduce their signal through Ca2+ that binds specific target proteins, including kinases, which in turn can activate gly I | Glycine max | |
additional information | not only light but a number of other exogenous factors, such as hypoxia, temperature shock, and water stress, transduce their signal through Ca2+ that binds specific target proteins, including kinases, which in turn can activate gly I | Oryza sativa | |
additional information | not only light but a number of other exogenous factors, such as hypoxia, temperature shock, and water stress, transduce their signal through Ca2+ that binds specific target proteins, including kinases, which in turn can activate gly I | Nicotiana sp. | |
additional information | not only light but a number of other exogenous factors, such as hypoxia, temperature shock, and water stress, transduce their signal through Ca2+ that binds specific target proteins, including kinases, which in turn can activate gly I | Brassica sp. | |
additional information | not only light but a number of other exogenous factors, such as hypoxia, temperature shock, and water stress, transduce their signal through Ca2+ that binds specific target proteins, including kinases, which in turn can activate gly I | Aloe vera | |
spermidine | - |
Triticum aestivum | |
spermidine | - |
Pisum sativum | |
spermidine | - |
Solanum tuberosum | |
spermidine | gly I | Amaranthus sp. | |
spermidine | gly I | Oryza sativa | |
spermidine | gly I | Nicotiana sp. | |
spermidine | gly I | Aloe vera |
Cloned (Comment) | Organism |
---|---|
Brassica sp. gly I, cloning and overexpression in tobacco, transgenic plants tolerate higher concentrations of NaCl | Glycine max |
Brassica sp. gly I, cloning and overexpression in tobacco, transgenic plants tolerate higher concentrations of NaCl | Brassica sp. |
Inhibitors | Comment | Organism | Structure |
---|---|---|---|
1-Naphthaleneacetic acid | activity decreases by approximately 50% during differentiation in Brassica sp. gly I | Brassica sp. | |
1-Naphthaleneacetic acid | activity decreases by approximately 50% during differentiation in Brassica sp. gly I | Oryza sativa | |
benzyladenine | activity decreases by approximately 50% during differentiation in Brassica sp. gly I | Brassica sp. | |
benzyladenine | activity decreases by approximately 50% during differentiation in Brassica sp. gly I | Oryza sativa | |
Colchicine | decrease of activity of glyoxalase I | Oryza sativa | |
Colchicine | decrease of activity of glyoxalase I | Pisum sativum | |
vinblastine | decrease of activity of glyoxalase I | Oryza sativa | |
vinblastine | decrease of activity of glyoxalase I | Pisum sativum |
KM Value [mM] | KM Value Maximum [mM] | Substrate | Comment | Organism | Structure |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
0.061 | - |
(R)-S-lactoylglutathione | - |
Oryza sativa | |
0.12 | - |
(R)-S-lactoylglutathione | Brassica sp. gly I | Brassica sp. | |
1.4 | - |
methylglyoxal | for the hemithioacetal as substrate | Aloe vera |
Localization | Comment | Organism | GeneOntology No. | Textmining |
---|---|---|---|---|
cytosol | - |
Triticum aestivum | 5829 | - |
cytosol | - |
Pisum sativum | 5829 | - |
cytosol | - |
Amaranthus sp. | 5829 | - |
cytosol | - |
Solanum tuberosum | 5829 | - |
cytosol | - |
Glycine max | 5829 | - |
cytosol | - |
Oryza sativa | 5829 | - |
cytosol | - |
Nicotiana sp. | 5829 | - |
cytosol | - |
Brassica sp. | 5829 | - |
cytosol | - |
Aloe vera | 5829 | - |
membrane | associated | Triticum aestivum | 16020 | - |
membrane | associated | Pisum sativum | 16020 | - |
membrane | associated | Amaranthus sp. | 16020 | - |
membrane | associated | Solanum tuberosum | 16020 | - |
membrane | associated | Glycine max | 16020 | - |
membrane | associated | Oryza sativa | 16020 | - |
membrane | associated | Nicotiana sp. | 16020 | - |
membrane | associated | Brassica sp. | 16020 | - |
membrane | associated | Aloe vera | 16020 | - |
mitochondrion | - |
Triticum aestivum | 5739 | - |
mitochondrion | - |
Pisum sativum | 5739 | - |
mitochondrion | - |
Amaranthus sp. | 5739 | - |
mitochondrion | - |
Solanum tuberosum | 5739 | - |
mitochondrion | - |
Glycine max | 5739 | - |
mitochondrion | - |
Oryza sativa | 5739 | - |
mitochondrion | - |
Nicotiana sp. | 5739 | - |
mitochondrion | - |
Brassica sp. | 5739 | - |
mitochondrion | - |
Aloe vera | 5739 | - |
Metals/Ions | Comment | Organism | Structure |
---|---|---|---|
Ca2+ | activation of gly I | Triticum aestivum | |
Ca2+ | activation of gly I | Pisum sativum | |
Ca2+ | activation of gly I | Amaranthus sp. | |
Ca2+ | activation of gly I | Solanum tuberosum | |
Ca2+ | activation of gly I | Glycine max | |
Ca2+ | activation of gly I | Oryza sativa | |
Ca2+ | activation of gly I | Nicotiana sp. | |
Ca2+ | activation of gly I | Brassica sp. | |
Ca2+ | activation of gly I | Aloe vera | |
Zn2+ | activates | Brassica juncea | |
Zn2+ | binding affinity | Triticum aestivum | |
Zn2+ | binding affinity | Pisum sativum | |
Zn2+ | binding affinity | Amaranthus sp. | |
Zn2+ | binding affinity | Solanum tuberosum | |
Zn2+ | binding affinity | Glycine max | |
Zn2+ | binding affinity | Oryza sativa | |
Zn2+ | binding affinity | Nicotiana sp. | |
Zn2+ | binding affinity | Brassica sp. | |
Zn2+ | binding affinity | Aloe vera |
Molecular Weight [Da] | Molecular Weight Maximum [Da] | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|---|
37000 | - |
- |
Triticum aestivum |
37000 | - |
Triticum aestivum gly I enzyme is a monomer | Triticum aestivum |
44000 | - |
- |
Aloe vera |
44000 | - |
enzyme is a monomer | Aloe vera |
58000 | - |
- |
Brassica oleracea |
58000 | - |
Brassica gly I enzyme | Brassica sp. |
60000 | - |
enzyme has two subunits | Glycine max |
Natural Substrates | Organism | Comment (Nat. Sub.) | Natural Products | Comment (Nat. Pro.) | Rev. | Reac. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
methylglyoxal + glutathione | Triticum aestivum | first step in the glyoxalase system | (R)-S-lactoylglutathione | - |
r | |
methylglyoxal + glutathione | Pisum sativum | first step in the glyoxalase system | (R)-S-lactoylglutathione | - |
r | |
methylglyoxal + glutathione | Solanum tuberosum | first step in the glyoxalase system | (R)-S-lactoylglutathione | - |
r | |
methylglyoxal + glutathione | Glycine max | first step in the glyoxalase system | (R)-S-lactoylglutathione | - |
r | |
methylglyoxal + glutathione | Oryza sativa | first step in the glyoxalase system | (R)-S-lactoylglutathione | - |
r | |
methylglyoxal + glutathione | Nicotiana sp. | first step in the glyoxalase system | (R)-S-lactoylglutathione | - |
r | |
methylglyoxal + glutathione | Brassica sp. | first step in the glyoxalase system | (R)-S-lactoylglutathione | - |
r | |
methylglyoxal + glutathione | Aloe vera | first step in the glyoxalase system | (R)-S-lactoylglutathione | - |
r | |
methylglyoxal + glutathione | Amaranthus sp. | first step in the glyoxalase system | (R)S-lactoylglutathione | - |
r | |
additional information | Triticum aestivum | the glyoxalase system is an ubiquitous pathway for the detoxification of highly reactive ketoaldehydes | ? | - |
? | |
additional information | Pisum sativum | the glyoxalase system is an ubiquitous pathway for the detoxification of highly reactive ketoaldehydes | ? | - |
? | |
additional information | Amaranthus sp. | the glyoxalase system is an ubiquitous pathway for the detoxification of highly reactive ketoaldehydes | ? | - |
? | |
additional information | Solanum tuberosum | the glyoxalase system is an ubiquitous pathway for the detoxification of highly reactive ketoaldehydes | ? | - |
? | |
additional information | Glycine max | the glyoxalase system is an ubiquitous pathway for the detoxification of highly reactive ketoaldehydes | ? | - |
? | |
additional information | Oryza sativa | the glyoxalase system is an ubiquitous pathway for the detoxification of highly reactive ketoaldehydes | ? | - |
? | |
additional information | Nicotiana sp. | the glyoxalase system is an ubiquitous pathway for the detoxification of highly reactive ketoaldehydes | ? | - |
? | |
additional information | Brassica sp. | the glyoxalase system is an ubiquitous pathway for the detoxification of highly reactive ketoaldehydes | ? | - |
? | |
additional information | Aloe vera | the glyoxalase system is an ubiquitous pathway for the detoxification of highly reactive ketoaldehydes | ? | - |
? |
Organism | UniProt | Comment | Textmining |
---|---|---|---|
Aloe vera | - |
- |
- |
Amaranthus sp. | - |
- |
- |
Brassica juncea | - |
- |
- |
Brassica oleracea | - |
- |
- |
Brassica sp. | - |
- |
- |
Glycine max | - |
soybean | - |
Nicotiana sp. | - |
- |
- |
Oryza sativa | - |
- |
- |
Pisum sativum | - |
- |
- |
Solanum lycopersicum | - |
- |
- |
Solanum tuberosum | - |
- |
- |
Triticum aestivum | - |
- |
- |
Triticum aestivum | - |
wheat | - |
Source Tissue | Comment | Organism | Textmining |
---|---|---|---|
additional information | gly I is present in all types of cells and tissues | Triticum aestivum | - |
additional information | gly I is present in all types of cells and tissues | Pisum sativum | - |
additional information | gly I is present in all types of cells and tissues | Amaranthus sp. | - |
additional information | gly I is present in all types of cells and tissues | Solanum tuberosum | - |
additional information | gly I is present in all types of cells and tissues | Glycine max | - |
additional information | gly I is present in all types of cells and tissues | Oryza sativa | - |
additional information | gly I is present in all types of cells and tissues | Nicotiana sp. | - |
additional information | gly I is present in all types of cells and tissues | Brassica sp. | - |
additional information | gly I is present in all types of cells and tissues | Aloe vera | - |
additional information | present in all types of cells and tissues | Solanum lycopersicum | - |
phloem | - |
Triticum aestivum | - |
phloem | - |
Pisum sativum | - |
phloem | - |
Amaranthus sp. | - |
phloem | - |
Solanum tuberosum | - |
phloem | - |
Glycine max | - |
phloem | - |
Oryza sativa | - |
phloem | - |
Nicotiana sp. | - |
phloem | - |
Brassica sp. | - |
phloem | - |
Aloe vera | - |
phloem | preferentially accumulated in phloem and sieve cells | Solanum lycopersicum | - |
sieve cell | - |
Triticum aestivum | - |
sieve cell | - |
Pisum sativum | - |
sieve cell | - |
Amaranthus sp. | - |
sieve cell | - |
Solanum tuberosum | - |
sieve cell | - |
Glycine max | - |
sieve cell | - |
Oryza sativa | - |
sieve cell | - |
Nicotiana sp. | - |
sieve cell | - |
Brassica sp. | - |
sieve cell | - |
Aloe vera | - |
sieve cell | preferentially accumulated in phloem and sieve cells | Solanum lycopersicum | - |
tuber | found to be conserved in tubers among different potato variants | Solanum tuberosum | - |
Specific Activity Minimum [µmol/min/mg] | Specific Activity Maximum [µmol/min/mg] | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|---|
additional information | - |
activity of glyoxalase I in Pisum sativum shows linear progression with development of shoots and roots of seedlings, cell division and proliferation further modulate the activity | Pisum sativum |
Substrates | Comment Substrates | Organism | Products | Comment (Products) | Rev. | Reac. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
glutathione + methylglyoxal | - |
Aloe vera | S-D-lactoylglutathione | - |
? | |
methylglyoxal + glutathione | first step in the glyoxalase system | Triticum aestivum | (R)-S-lactoylglutathione | - |
r | |
methylglyoxal + glutathione | first step in the glyoxalase system | Pisum sativum | (R)-S-lactoylglutathione | - |
r | |
methylglyoxal + glutathione | first step in the glyoxalase system | Solanum tuberosum | (R)-S-lactoylglutathione | - |
r | |
methylglyoxal + glutathione | first step in the glyoxalase system | Glycine max | (R)-S-lactoylglutathione | - |
r | |
methylglyoxal + glutathione | first step in the glyoxalase system | Oryza sativa | (R)-S-lactoylglutathione | - |
r | |
methylglyoxal + glutathione | first step in the glyoxalase system | Nicotiana sp. | (R)-S-lactoylglutathione | - |
r | |
methylglyoxal + glutathione | first step in the glyoxalase system | Brassica sp. | (R)-S-lactoylglutathione | - |
r | |
methylglyoxal + glutathione | first step in the glyoxalase system | Aloe vera | (R)-S-lactoylglutathione | - |
r | |
methylglyoxal + glutathione | first step in the glyoxalase system | Amaranthus sp. | (R)S-lactoylglutathione | - |
r | |
methylglyoxal + glutathione | non-enzymatic formation of hemithioacteal as substrate for gly I | Aloe vera | S-((R)-lactoyl)glutathione | - |
? | |
methylglyoxal + glutathione | non-enzymatic formation of hemithioacteal as substrate for gly I. The active site of gly I has binding affinity for zinc ion and hemithioacetal, and his His residue might be important for its catalytic activity | Brassica juncea | S-((R)-lactoyl)glutathione | - |
? | |
additional information | the glyoxalase system is an ubiquitous pathway for the detoxification of highly reactive ketoaldehydes | Triticum aestivum | ? | - |
? | |
additional information | the glyoxalase system is an ubiquitous pathway for the detoxification of highly reactive ketoaldehydes | Pisum sativum | ? | - |
? | |
additional information | the glyoxalase system is an ubiquitous pathway for the detoxification of highly reactive ketoaldehydes | Amaranthus sp. | ? | - |
? | |
additional information | the glyoxalase system is an ubiquitous pathway for the detoxification of highly reactive ketoaldehydes | Solanum tuberosum | ? | - |
? | |
additional information | the glyoxalase system is an ubiquitous pathway for the detoxification of highly reactive ketoaldehydes | Glycine max | ? | - |
? | |
additional information | the glyoxalase system is an ubiquitous pathway for the detoxification of highly reactive ketoaldehydes | Oryza sativa | ? | - |
? | |
additional information | the glyoxalase system is an ubiquitous pathway for the detoxification of highly reactive ketoaldehydes | Nicotiana sp. | ? | - |
? | |
additional information | the glyoxalase system is an ubiquitous pathway for the detoxification of highly reactive ketoaldehydes | Brassica sp. | ? | - |
? | |
additional information | the glyoxalase system is an ubiquitous pathway for the detoxification of highly reactive ketoaldehydes | Aloe vera | ? | - |
? |
Subunits | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|
dimer | 2 * 27000-29000 | Brassica oleracea |
heterodimer | enzyme has 2 subunits | Brassica sp. |
heterodimer | Glycine max gly I enzyme has 2 subunits | Glycine max |
monomer | 1 * 37000 | Triticum aestivum |
monomer | 1 * 44000 | Aloe vera |
monomer | Aloe vera gly I | Aloe vera |
Synonyms | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|
glyoxalase I | - |
Triticum aestivum |
glyoxalase I | - |
Pisum sativum |
glyoxalase I | - |
Amaranthus sp. |
glyoxalase I | - |
Solanum tuberosum |
glyoxalase I | - |
Glycine max |
glyoxalase I | - |
Oryza sativa |
glyoxalase I | - |
Nicotiana sp. |
glyoxalase I | - |
Brassica sp. |
glyoxalase I | - |
Aloe vera |
lactoylglutathione methylglyoxal lyase | - |
Triticum aestivum |
lactoylglutathione methylglyoxal lyase | - |
Pisum sativum |
lactoylglutathione methylglyoxal lyase | - |
Amaranthus sp. |
lactoylglutathione methylglyoxal lyase | - |
Solanum tuberosum |
lactoylglutathione methylglyoxal lyase | - |
Glycine max |
lactoylglutathione methylglyoxal lyase | - |
Oryza sativa |
lactoylglutathione methylglyoxal lyase | - |
Nicotiana sp. |
lactoylglutathione methylglyoxal lyase | - |
Brassica sp. |
lactoylglutathione methylglyoxal lyase | - |
Aloe vera |
Cofactor | Comment | Organism | Structure |
---|---|---|---|
glutathione | - |
Triticum aestivum | |
glutathione | - |
Pisum sativum | |
glutathione | - |
Amaranthus sp. | |
glutathione | - |
Solanum tuberosum | |
glutathione | - |
Glycine max | |
glutathione | - |
Oryza sativa | |
glutathione | - |
Nicotiana sp. | |
glutathione | - |
Brassica sp. | |
glutathione | - |
Aloe vera |
Organism | Comment | pI Value Maximum | pI Value |
---|---|---|---|
Triticum aestivum | plant gly I ranges from 4.7-5.1 | - |
additional information |
Pisum sativum | plant gly I ranges from 4.7-5.1 | - |
additional information |
Amaranthus sp. | plant gly I ranges from 4.7-5.1 | - |
additional information |
Solanum tuberosum | plant gly I ranges from 4.7-5.1 | - |
additional information |
Glycine max | plant gly I ranges from 4.7-5.1 | - |
additional information |
Nicotiana sp. | plant gly I ranges from 4.7-5.1 | - |
additional information |
Brassica sp. | plant gly I ranges from 4.7-5.1 | - |
additional information |
Aloe vera | - |
- |
7.8 |
Oryza sativa | mitochondrial form of Oryza sativa gly I | - |
8.1 |