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Literature summary for 4.4.1.5 extracted from

  • Mannervik, B.
    Molecular enzymology of the glyoxalase system (2008), Drug Metabol. Drug Interact., 23, 13-27.
    View publication on PubMed

Activating Compound

Activating Compound Comment Organism Structure
additional information glyoxalase I is highly overexpressed in highly invasive tumors in comparison to tumors with low malignant potential Mus musculus

Application

Application Comment Organism
drug development cancer therapy, inhibitors of the glyoxalase system would be expected to suppress the growth of cancer cells and could find clinical use as anticancer drug Mus musculus

Inhibitors

Inhibitors Comment Organism Structure
S-(4-bromophenyl)glutathione glyoxalase I Mus musculus

Metals/Ions

Metals/Ions Comment Organism Structure
additional information a wide range of bivalent metal ions can substitute for zinc in glyoxalase I from mammalian sources, and several of them afford enzyme activities of similar magnitude to the zinc-containing glyoxalase I Mus musculus
Zn2+ essential role in catalytic mechanism Mus musculus

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

Natural Substrates Organism Comment (Nat. Sub.) Natural Products Comment (Nat. Pro.) Rev. Reac.
methylglyoxal + glutathione Mus musculus first step in the glyoxalase system (R)-S-lactoylglutathione
-
r
additional information Mus musculus glyoxalase system containing glyoxalase I and II catalyzes the conversion of 2-oxoaldehydes into their corresponding 2-hydroxyacids ?
-
?
additional information Mus musculus major cellular function of glycolase I is the inactivation of methylglyoxal, a toxic by-product of the triose phosphate isomerase reaction of glycolysis ?
-
?
additional information Mus musculus reaction involves abstraction of a proton from carbon 1 and reinsertion of the proton at carbon 2. Proton transfer takes place with limited proton exchange with the surrounding medium, and a hydride transfer is involved. In the absence of substrate or product, the metal is coordinated with 2 water molecules in addition to the side chains of Gln33 and Glu99 in the same subunit and His126 and Glu172 from the neighbouring subunit. During the catalytic process the water molecule are displaced by the incoming substrate. Glu172 serves as the acid-base in the catalytic mechanism. ?
-
?

Organism

Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
Mus musculus
-
-
-

Purification (Commentary)

Purification (Comment) Organism
by affinity chromatography Mus musculus

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
methylglyoxal + glutathione first step in the glyoxalase system Mus musculus (R)-S-lactoylglutathione
-
r
additional information glyoxalase system containing glyoxalase I and II catalyzes the conversion of 2-oxoaldehydes into their corresponding 2-hydroxyacids Mus musculus ?
-
?
additional information major cellular function of glycolase I is the inactivation of methylglyoxal, a toxic by-product of the triose phosphate isomerase reaction of glycolysis Mus musculus ?
-
?
additional information reaction involves abstraction of a proton from carbon 1 and reinsertion of the proton at carbon 2. Proton transfer takes place with limited proton exchange with the surrounding medium, and a hydride transfer is involved. In the absence of substrate or product, the metal is coordinated with 2 water molecules in addition to the side chains of Gln33 and Glu99 in the same subunit and His126 and Glu172 from the neighbouring subunit. During the catalytic process the water molecule are displaced by the incoming substrate. Glu172 serves as the acid-base in the catalytic mechanism. Mus musculus ?
-
?

Subunits

Subunits Comment Organism
homodimer mammalian glyoxalase I is composed of two equal subunits which both harbor an acitve site Mus musculus

Synonyms

Synonyms Comment Organism
glyoxalase I
-
Mus musculus

Cofactor

Cofactor Comment Organism Structure
glutathione
-
Mus musculus