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Literature summary for 4.2.3.19 extracted from

  • Miyazaki, S.; Toyoshima, H.; Natsume, M.; Nakajima, M.; Kawaide, H.
    Blue-light irradiation up-regulates the ent-kaurene synthase gene and affects the avoidance response of protonemal growth in Physcomitrella patens (2014), Planta, 240, 117-124 .
    View publication on PubMed
Search for more literature for 4.2.3.19

Cloned(Commentary)

Cloned (Comment) Organism
gene PHYPA_009773, quantitative real-time PCR and semiquantitative RT-PCR enzyme expression analysis Physcomitrium patens

Protein Variants

Protein Variants Comment Organism
additional information generation of a Physcomitrella patens CPS/KS (PpCPS/KS)-gene disruption mutant strain A74, comparisons of photomorphogenesis of protonema in the wild-type and the A74 enzyme mutant, phenotype, detailed overview Physcomitrium patens

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

Natural Substrates Organism Comment (Nat. Sub.) Natural Products Comment (Nat. Pro.) Rev. Reac.
ent-copalyl diphosphate Physcomitrium patens
-
 ent-kaur-16-ene + diphosphate
-
 ?
ent-copalyl diphosphate + H2O Physcomitrium patens
-
 16-hydroxy-ent-kaurene + diphosphate
-
 ?

Organism

Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
Physcomitrium patens A5A8G0
-
-

Source Tissue

Source Tissue Comment Organism Textmining
chloronema
-
 Physcomitrium patens
-
protonema
-
 Physcomitrium patens
-

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
ent-copalyl diphosphate
-
 Physcomitrium patens ent-kaur-16-ene + diphosphate
-
 ?
ent-copalyl diphosphate + H2O
-
 Physcomitrium patens 16-hydroxy-ent-kaurene + diphosphate
-
 ?

Synonyms

Synonyms Comment Organism
copalyl diphosphate/kaurene synthase
-
 Physcomitrium patens
ent-kaurene synthase
-
 Physcomitrium patens
PHYPA_009773
-
 Physcomitrium patens
PpCPS/KS
-
 Physcomitrium patens

Expression

Organism Comment Expression
Physcomitrium patens expression analysis of the PpCPS/KS gene shows that the mRNA level under blue light is rapidly increased and is five times higher than under red light, comparisons of photomorphogenesis of protonema in the wild-type and the A74 enzyme mutant up

General Information

General Information Comment Organism
malfunction caulonemal differentiation in a Physcomitrella patens mutant with a disrupted bifunctional ent-copalyl diphosphate synthase/ent-kaurene synthase (PpCPS/KS) gene is suppressed under red light, and is recovered by application of ent-kaurene and ent-kaurenoic acid. Although avoidance of the blue light source is not observed in the ent-kaurene deficient mutant protonemata, chloronemal growth toward a blue-light source in the mutant is suppressed by application of ent-kaurenoic acid, and the growth is rescued to that in the wild type Physcomitrium patens
physiological function the moss Physcomitrella patens possesses parts of the gibberellins biosynthetic pathway, from geranylgeranyl diphosphate to ent-kaurenoic acid, but no gibberellins are found in this species. Derivatives of ent-kaurenoic acid, not gibberellins, might act as endogenous developmental regulators. Blue light regulates ent-kaurene biosynthesis and avoidance response to protonemal growth. When protonemata of the wild-type plants are incubated under blue light, the chloronemal filaments grow in the opposite direction to the light source. Regulators derived from ent-kaurenoic acid are strongly involved not only in the growth regulation of caulonemal differentiation under red light, but also in the light avoidance response of chloronemal growth under blue light. In particular, growth under blue light is regulated via the PpCPS/KS gene Physcomitrium patens