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Literature summary for 4.2.1.108 extracted from

  • Witt, E.M.; Davies, N.W.; Galinski, E.A.
    Unexpected property of ectoine synthase and its application for synthesis of the engineered compatible solute ADPC (2011), Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 91, 113-122.
    View publication on PubMed
Search for more literature for 4.2.1.108

Cloned(Commentary)

Cloned (Comment) Organism
expression of His6-tagged ectoine synthase in Escherichia coli strain BL21(DE3) Halomonas elongata

Protein Variants

Protein Variants Comment Organism
additional information construction of enzyme-deficient strains by gene ectC inframe deletion though the splicing-by-overlap-extension PCR technique Halomonas elongata

KM Value [mM]

KM Value [mM] KM Value Maximum [mM] Substrate Comment Organism Structure
0.0287
-
 L-homoectoine recombinant enzyme, pH 8.5, 21°C Halomonas elongata

Molecular Weight [Da]

Molecular Weight [Da] Molecular Weight Maximum [Da] Comment Organism
16520
-
 x * 16520, recombinant His-tagged enzyme, SDS-PAGE Halomonas elongata

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

Natural Substrates Organism Comment (Nat. Sub.) Natural Products Comment (Nat. Pro.) Rev. Reac.
N4-acetyl-L-2,4-diaminobutanoate Halomonas elongata an intramolecular condensation reaction L-ectoine + H2O
-
 r
N4-acetyl-L-2,4-diaminobutanoate Halomonas elongata DSM 2581 an intramolecular condensation reaction L-ectoine + H2O
-
 r

Organism

Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
Halomonas elongata
-
 gene ectC
-
Halomonas elongata DSM 2581
-
 gene ectC
-

Purification (Commentary)

Purification (Comment) Organism
recombinant His6-tagged ectoine synthase from Escherichia coli strain BL21(DE3) by nickel affinity chromatography Halomonas elongata

Specific Activity [micromol/min/mg]

Specific Activity Minimum [µmol/min/mg] Specific Activity Maximum [µmol/min/mg] Comment Organism
0.16
-
 purified recombinant enzyme, substrate is 4,5-dihydro-2-methylimidazole-4-carboxylate, hydrolytic reaction, pH 8.5, 21°C Halomonas elongata
0.3
-
 purified recombinant enzyme, substrate is 5-amino-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrrole-2-carboxylate, hydrolytic reaction, pH 8.5, 21°C Halomonas elongata

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
D,L-4,5-dihydro-2-methylimidazole-4-carboxylate + H2O
-
 Halomonas elongata ?
-
 r
D,L-4,5-dihydro-2-methylimidazole-4-carboxylate + H2O
-
 Halomonas elongata DSM 2581 ?
-
 r
L-glutamine
-
 Halomonas elongata 5-amino-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrrole-2-carboxylate + H2O
-
 r
L-glutamine
-
 Halomonas elongata DSM 2581 5-amino-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrrole-2-carboxylate + H2O
-
 r
L-homoectoine + H2O
-
 Halomonas elongata ?
-
 r
additional information ectoine synthase accepts more than one substrate and is a reversible enzyme able to catalyze both the intramolecular condensation into and the hydrolytic cleavage of cyclic amino acid derivatives. It forms 5-amino-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrrole-2-carboxylate, ADPC, by cyclic condensation of glutamine in a reversible reaction. A number of ectoine derivatives, in particular 4,5-dihydro-2-methylimidazole-4-carboxylate and L-homoectoine, are also cleaved by ectoine synthase. Proposed reaction mechanism leading to L-ectoine and 5-amino-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrrole-2-carboxylate, respectively, catalyzed by ectoine synthase, overview Halomonas elongata ?
-
 ?
additional information ectoine synthase accepts more than one substrate and is a reversible enzyme able to catalyze both the intramolecular condensation into and the hydrolytic cleavage of cyclic amino acid derivatives. It forms 5-amino-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrrole-2-carboxylate, ADPC, by cyclic condensation of glutamine in a reversible reaction. A number of ectoine derivatives, in particular 4,5-dihydro-2-methylimidazole-4-carboxylate and L-homoectoine, are also cleaved by ectoine synthase. Proposed reaction mechanism leading to L-ectoine and 5-amino-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrrole-2-carboxylate, respectively, catalyzed by ectoine synthase, overview Halomonas elongata DSM 2581 ?
-
 ?
N4-acetyl-L-2,4-diaminobutanoate an intramolecular condensation reaction Halomonas elongata L-ectoine + H2O
-
 r
N4-acetyl-L-2,4-diaminobutanoate an intramolecular condensation reaction Halomonas elongata L-ectoine + H2O i.e. 1,4,5,6-tetrahydro-2-methyl-4-pyrimidine carboxylic acid, over 95% conversion by the recombinant ectoine synthase r
N4-acetyl-L-2,4-diaminobutanoate an intramolecular condensation reaction Halomonas elongata DSM 2581 L-ectoine + H2O
-
 r
N4-acetyl-L-2,4-diaminobutanoate an intramolecular condensation reaction Halomonas elongata DSM 2581 L-ectoine + H2O i.e. 1,4,5,6-tetrahydro-2-methyl-4-pyrimidine carboxylic acid, over 95% conversion by the recombinant ectoine synthase r

Subunits

Subunits Comment Organism
? x * 16520, recombinant His-tagged enzyme, SDS-PAGE Halomonas elongata

Synonyms

Synonyms Comment Organism
EctC
-
 Halomonas elongata

Temperature Optimum [°C]

Temperature Optimum [°C] Temperature Optimum Maximum [°C] Comment Organism
21
-
 assay at Halomonas elongata

pH Optimum

pH Optimum Minimum pH Optimum Maximum Comment Organism
8.5
-
 assay at Halomonas elongata

General Information

General Information Comment Organism
malfunction in Halomonas elongata mutant strains deficient in ectA, encoding L-2,4-diaminobutyric acid acetyltransferase, no ectoine synthesis is obeserved Halomonas elongata
metabolism ectoine synthase is involved in the biosynthetic pathway of L-ectoine and (S,S)-beta-hydroxyectoine, involvement of ectoine synthase in 5-amino-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrrole-2-carboxylate biosynthesis in vitro Halomonas elongata
physiological function extraordinary protective properties of 5-amino-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrrole-2-carboxylate produced by ectoine synthase Halomonas elongata