Data extracted from this reference:
Inhibitors
2-Ketobutyrate
competitive, Ki for 2-keto-4-hydroxybutyrate cleavage: 53 mM, Ki for 2-keto-4-hydroxyglutarate cleavage: 52 mM
Bos taurus
2-Ketoglutarate
competitive, Ki for 2-keto-4-hydroxybutyrate cleavage: 18 mM, Ki for 2-keto-4-hydroxyglutarate cleavage: 18 mM
Bos taurus
glycolaldehyde
competitive, Ki for 2-keto-4-hydroxybutyrate cleavage: 2.7 mM, Ki for 2-keto-4-hydroxyglutarate cleavage: 2.4 mM
Bos taurus
KM Value [mM]
0.1
4-hydroxy-alpha-ketoglutarate
Bos taurus
3.1
2-Keto-4-hydroxybutyrate
Bos taurus
Metals/Ions
additional information
no requirement
Bos taurus
additional information
no requirement
Mammalia
Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)
2-Keto-4-hydroxybutyrate
Bos taurus
metabolism of L-homoserine
?
4-hydroxy-2-oxoglutarate
Mammalia
catabolism of hydroxyproline, condensation physiologically less important
?
Organism
Purification (Commentary)
Source Tissue
Specific Activity [micromol/min/mg]
0.53
2-keto-4-hydroxybutyrate
Bos taurus
1.8
2-keto-4-hydroxyglutarate
Bos taurus
Substrates and Products (Substrate)
2-Keto-4-hydroxybutyrate
D-isomer favoured
5238
Bos taurus
Pyruvate + formaldehyde
5238
Bos taurus
2-Keto-4-hydroxybutyrate
metabolism of L-homoserine
5238
Bos taurus
?
4-Hydroxy-2-oxoglutarate
5238
Bos taurus
Pyruvate + glyoxylate
5238
Bos taurus
4-hydroxy-2-oxoglutarate
catabolism of hydroxyproline, condensation physiologically less important
5238
Mammalia
?
additional information
mechanism
5238
Bos taurus
?
Pyruvate + formaldehyde
Keq: 4.1 mM
5238
Bos taurus
2-Keto-4-hydroxybutyrate
5238
Bos taurus
Temperature Optimum [°C]
37
enzyme assay at
Bos taurus
Temperature Stability [°C]
59
constant decay of 0.011 1/min, slow inactivation
Bos taurus
pH Optimum
8.1
2-keto-4-hydroxybutyrate cleavage
Bos taurus
8.8
2-keto-4-hydroxyglutarate cleavage
Bos taurus
pH Range
6
9.5
2-keto-4-hydroxybutyrate cleavage
Bos taurus
7
9
2-keto-4-hydroxyglutarate cleavage
Bos taurus
Inhibitors (protein specific)
2-Ketobutyrate
competitive, Ki for 2-keto-4-hydroxybutyrate cleavage: 53 mM, Ki for 2-keto-4-hydroxyglutarate cleavage: 52 mM
Bos taurus
2-Ketoglutarate
competitive, Ki for 2-keto-4-hydroxybutyrate cleavage: 18 mM, Ki for 2-keto-4-hydroxyglutarate cleavage: 18 mM
Bos taurus
glycolaldehyde
competitive, Ki for 2-keto-4-hydroxybutyrate cleavage: 2.7 mM, Ki for 2-keto-4-hydroxyglutarate cleavage: 2.4 mM
Bos taurus
KM Value [mM] (protein specific)
0.1
4-hydroxy-alpha-ketoglutarate
Bos taurus
3.1
2-Keto-4-hydroxybutyrate
Bos taurus
Metals/Ions (protein specific)
additional information
no requirement
Bos taurus
additional information
no requirement
Mammalia
Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates) (protein specific)
2-Keto-4-hydroxybutyrate
Bos taurus
metabolism of L-homoserine
?
4-hydroxy-2-oxoglutarate
Mammalia
catabolism of hydroxyproline, condensation physiologically less important
?
Purification (Commentary) (protein specific)
Source Tissue (protein specific)
Specific Activity [micromol/min/mg] (protein specific)
0.53
2-keto-4-hydroxybutyrate
Bos taurus
1.8
2-keto-4-hydroxyglutarate
Bos taurus
Substrates and Products (Substrate) (protein specific)
2-Keto-4-hydroxybutyrate
D-isomer favoured
5238
Bos taurus
Pyruvate + formaldehyde
5238
Bos taurus
2-Keto-4-hydroxybutyrate
metabolism of L-homoserine
5238
Bos taurus
?
4-Hydroxy-2-oxoglutarate
5238
Bos taurus
Pyruvate + glyoxylate
5238
Bos taurus
4-hydroxy-2-oxoglutarate
catabolism of hydroxyproline, condensation physiologically less important
5238
Mammalia
?
additional information
mechanism
5238
Bos taurus
?
Pyruvate + formaldehyde
Keq: 4.1 mM
5238
Bos taurus
2-Keto-4-hydroxybutyrate
5238
Bos taurus
Temperature Optimum [°C] (protein specific)
37
enzyme assay at
Bos taurus
Temperature Stability [°C] (protein specific)
59
constant decay of 0.011 1/min, slow inactivation
Bos taurus
pH Optimum (protein specific)
8.1
2-keto-4-hydroxybutyrate cleavage
Bos taurus
8.8
2-keto-4-hydroxyglutarate cleavage
Bos taurus
pH Range (protein specific)
6
9.5
2-keto-4-hydroxybutyrate cleavage
Bos taurus
7
9
2-keto-4-hydroxyglutarate cleavage
Bos taurus
Other publictions for EC 4.1.3.16
746867
Schapfl
Extended substrate range of t ...
Escherichia coli
Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol.
102
8359-8372
2018
-
-
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
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1
-
1
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1
-
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1
-
4
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
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-
-
-
-
-
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
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-
-
1
-
-
-
1
-
-
-
-
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
748294
Mdimegh
HOGA1 gene mutations of prima ...
Homo sapiens
J. Clin. Lab. Anal.
31
e22053
2017
-
-
-
-
2
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
2
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
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-
-
-
-
-
-
2
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
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-
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
1
-
-
-
747772
MacDonald
Cellular degradation of 4-hyd ...
Homo sapiens
FEBS Lett.
590
1467-1476
2016
-
-
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
1
-
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
1
1
-
-
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
1
-
-
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
1
-
-
-
746641
Huang
Use of a novel microtitration ...
Bos taurus
Acta Crystallogr. Sect. F
70
1546-1549
2014
-
-
-
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
1
-
4
-
-
1
-
-
1
-
-
1
1
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
1
-
-
-
1
-
1
-
-
1
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
721727
Riedel
4-Hydroxy-2-oxoglutarate aldol ...
Homo sapiens
Biochim. Biophys. Acta
1822
1544-1552
2012
-
1
1
-
9
-
-
-
-
-
2
-
-
4
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
1
1
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
1
-
-
9
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
1
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
728378
Williams
The enzyme 4-hydroxy-2-oxoglut ...
Homo sapiens
Nephrol. Dial. Transplant.
27
3191-3195
2012
-
-
1
-
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
2
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
-
1
-
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
-
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
-
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
1
-
-
-
723542
Riedel
Structural and biochemical stu ...
Homo sapiens
PLoS ONE
6
e26021
2011
-
-
1
1
11
-
-
10
-
-
2
-
-
2
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2
2
-
-
-
-
10
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
1
11
-
-
-
-
10
-
-
2
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2
2
-
-
-
10
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
10
10
713711
Belostotsky
Mutations in DHDPSL are respon ...
Homo sapiens
Am. J. Hum. Genet.
87
392-399
2010
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
-
-
-
2
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
3
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
1
-
-
-
5255
Dekker
2-keto-4-Hydroxyglutarate aldo ...
Bos taurus
J. Biol. Chem.
267
10507-10514
1992
1
-
-
-
-
-
7
2
-
1
6
-
-
4
-
-
1
-
-
5
1
3
5
1
-
-
-
-
-
1
2
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
7
-
2
-
1
6
-
-
-
-
1
-
5
1
3
5
1
-
-
-
-
1
2
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
5253
Anderson
Rat liver 4-hydroxy-2-ketoglut ...
Rattus norvegicus
Arch. Biochem. Biophys.
236
82-97
1985
-
-
-
-
-
-
10
1
2
1
1
-
-
2
-
-
1
-
-
2
2
-
-
-
-
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
3
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
10
3
1
2
1
1
-
-
-
-
1
-
2
2
-
-
-
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
5252
Scholtz
-
Substrates of hydroxyketogluta ...
Rattus norvegicus
Bioorg. Chem.
12
229-234
1984
-
1
-
-
-
-
-
9
-
1
-
-
-
1
-
-
1
-
-
1
2
-
3
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
-
1
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
1
2
-
3
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
5250
Grady
Steady-state kinetics and inhi ...
Bos taurus
Biochemistry
20
2497-2502
1981
2
-
-
-
-
-
13
1
-
1
-
-
-
3
-
-
-
-
-
2
-
-
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
13
-
1
-
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2
-
-
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
5247
Lane
Sulfhydryl groups in relation ...
Bos taurus
Biochim. Biophys. Acta
481
212-221
1977
-
-
-
-
-
-
2
-
-
1
-
-
-
2
-
-
-
-
-
2
-
-
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2
-
-
-
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2
-
-
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
5246
Hansen
Inactivation of bovine liver 2 ...
Bos taurus
Biochemistry
15
2912-2917
1976
-
-
-
-
-
1
1
-
-
1
-
-
-
3
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
1
-
-
-
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
5243
Dekker
2-keto-4-Hydroxyglutarate aldo ...
Bos taurus
Methods Enzymol.
42C
280-285
1975
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
3
-
1
1
-
-
2
-
-
1
-
-
2
1
1
2
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
3
-
1
1
-
-
-
-
1
-
2
1
1
2
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2159
Adams
-
Enzymes and intermediates of h ...
Rattus norvegicus
Methods Enzymol.
17B
266-306
1971
-
-
-
-
-
-
2
2
-
1
1
1
-
1
-
-
1
-
-
1
1
-
4
-
-
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2
-
2
-
1
1
1
-
-
-
1
-
1
1
-
4
-
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
5238
Lane
2-keto-4-Hydroxybutyrate aldol ...
Bos taurus, Mammalia
Biochemistry
10
1353-1364
1971
-
-
-
-
-
-
4
2
-
2
-
2
-
2
-
-
1
-
-
1
2
-
6
-
-
1
-
1
-
2
2
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
4
-
2
-
2
-
2
-
-
-
1
-
1
2
-
6
-
1
-
1
-
2
2
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
5241
Kobes
Variant properties of bovine l ...
Bos taurus
Biochim. Biophys. Acta
251
238-250
1971
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
-
1
-
-
-
2
-
-
-
-
-
2
-
-
7
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
-
-
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2
-
-
7
-
-
-
-
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
5237
Kuratomi
The metabolism of gamma-hydrox ...
Rattus norvegicus
Biochim. Biophys. Acta
78
617-628
1963
-
-
-
-
-
-
7
3
1
1
-
-
-
1
-
-
1
-
-
3
1
-
4
-
-
1
-
-
-
1
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
7
-
3
1
1
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
3
1
-
4
-
1
-
-
-
1
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-