Literature summary for 4.1.1.6 extracted from

Blumhoff, M.L.; Steiger, M.G.; Mattanovich, D.; Sauer, M.
Targeting enzymes to the right compartment: metabolic engineering for itaconic acid production by Aspergillus niger (2013), Metab. Eng., 19, 26-32.

Cloned(Commentary)

Cloned (Comment)	Organism
gene cadA, the cadA gene of is located in a gene cluster together with two transporters, one a putative mitochondrial carrier, the other a putative plasma membrane carrier, cloning in Escherichia coli strain TOP10, heterologous mitochondrial and cytosolic expression of the enzyme in Aspergillus niger strain ATCC 1015, the mitochondrial expression doubles the enzyme productivity compared to the cytosolic expression. Co-expression of a cytosolic or a mitochondrial aconitase with cytosolic CadA leads to a significant increase of itaconic acid production compared to cytsolic CadA expression alone. The rate-limiting step for itaconic acid production under these conditions appears to be both the provision of cis-aconitate as a substrate for the CadA as well as the CAD activity itself	Aspergillus terreus

Cloned (Comment)

Organism

gene cadA, the cadA gene of is located in a gene cluster together with two transporters, one a putative mitochondrial carrier, the other a putative plasma membrane carrier, cloning in Escherichia coli strain TOP10, heterologous mitochondrial and cytosolic expression of the enzyme in Aspergillus niger strain ATCC 1015, the mitochondrial expression doubles the enzyme productivity compared to the cytosolic expression. Co-expression of a cytosolic or a mitochondrial aconitase with cytosolic CadA leads to a significant increase of itaconic acid production compared to cytsolic CadA expression alone. The rate-limiting step for itaconic acid production under these conditions appears to be both the provision of cis-aconitate as a substrate for the CadA as well as the CAD activity itself

Aspergillus terreus

Localization

Localization	Comment	Organism	GeneOntology No.	Textmining
cytosol	cytosolic isozyme	Aspergillus terreus	5829	-
mitochondrion	mitochondrial isozyme	Aspergillus terreus	5739	-

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

Natural Substrates	Organism	Comment (Nat. Sub.)	Natural Products	Comment (Nat. Pro.)	Rev.	Reac.
cis-aconitate	Aspergillus terreus	-	itaconate + CO2	-	?

Organism

Organism	UniProt	Comment	Textmining
Aspergillus terreus	-	gene cadA	-

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

Substrates	Comment Substrates	Organism	Products	Comment (Products)	Rev.	Reac.
cis-aconitate	-	Aspergillus terreus	itaconate + CO2	-	?

Synonyms

Synonyms	Comment	Organism
CAD	-	Aspergillus terreus
cis-aconitate decarboxylase	-	Aspergillus terreus

Temperature Optimum [°C]

Temperature Optimum [°C]	Temperature Optimum Maximum [°C]	Comment	Organism
37	-	assay at	Aspergillus terreus

Temperature Stability [°C]

Temperature Stability Minimum [°C]	Temperature Stability Maximum [°C]	Comment	Organism
80	-	recombinant enzyme in cell free extract, 20 min, inactivation	Aspergillus terreus

pH Optimum

pH Optimum Minimum	pH Optimum Maximum	Comment	Organism
6.2	-	assay at	Aspergillus terreus