Literature summary for 3.6.1.5 extracted from

Liu, W.; Ni, J.; Shah, F.A.; Ye, K.; Hu, H.; Wang, Q.; Wang, D.; Yao, Y.; Huang, S.; Hou, J.; Liu, C.; Wu, L.
Genome-wide identification, characterization and expression pattern analysis of APYRASE family members in response to abiotic and biotic stresses in wheat (2019), PeerJ, 7, e7622 .

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Cloned(Commentary)

Cloned (Comment)	Organism
TaAPY1, gene IDs TraesCS4A01G131300.1, TraesCS4B01G173300.1, and TraesCS4D01G175400.1, three different gene copies, sequence analysis and comparisons. Gene structure and conserved motif analysis of the APY genes in wheat, overview	Triticum aestivum
TaAPY2, gene IDs TraesCS2A01G102100.1, TraesCS2B01G119200.1, and TraesCS2D01G101500.1, three different gene copies, sequence analysis and comparisons. Gene structure and conserved motif analysis of the APY genes in wheat, overview	Triticum aestivum
TaAPY3-1, gene IDs TraesCS5A01G532000.1, TraesCS4B01G363700.1, and TraesCS4D01G357100.1, three different gene copies, sequence analysis and comparisons. Gene structure and conserved motif analysis of the APY genes in wheat, overview	Triticum aestivum
TaAPY3-2, gene IDs TraesCS5A01G547700.1, TraesCS4B01G381600.1, and TraesCS4D01G357100.1, three different gene copies, sequence analysis and comparisons. Gene structure and conserved motif analysis of the APY genes in wheat, overview	Triticum aestivum
TaAPY3-3, gene IDs TraesCS7A01G160900.1, TraesCS2B01G025000.1, and TraesCS2D01G020200.2, three different gene copies, sequence analysis and comparisons. Gene structure and conserved motif analysis of the APY genes in wheat, overview	Triticum aestivum
TaAPY3-4, gene IDs TraesCS7B01G004400.2, TraesCS7D01G100000.1, and TraesCSU01G095000.1, three different gene copies, sequence analysis and comparisons. Gene structure and conserved motif analysis of the APY genes in wheat, overview	Triticum aestivum
TaAPY5, gene IDs TraesCS6A01G105900.1, TraesCS7B01G178800.1, and TraesCS7D01G280900.1, three different gene copies, sequence analysis and comparisons. Gene structure and conserved motif analysis of the APY genes in wheat, overview	Triticum aestivum
TaAPY6, gene IDs TraesCS6A01G105900.2, TraesCS6B01G135200.1, and TraesCS6D01G094400.2, three different gene copies, sequence analysis and comparisons. Gene structure and conserved motif analysis of the APY genes in wheat, overview	Triticum aestivum
TaAPY7, gene IDs TraesCS1A01G288900.1, TraesCS1B01G298200.1, and TraesCS1D01G287900.1, three different gene copies, sequence analysis and comparisons. Gene structure and conserved motif analysis of the APY genes in wheat, overview	Triticum aestivum

KM Value [mM]

KM Value [mM]	KM Value Maximum [mM]	Substrate	Comment	Organism	Structure
8.7	-	ATP	TaAPY3-1, 37°C, pH 5.5, 8 mM Ca2+	Triticum aestivum

Metals/Ions

Metals/Ions	Comment	Organism	Structure
Ca2+	dependent on	Triticum aestivum
Mg2+	required	Triticum aestivum
Mg2+	activates	Triticum aestivum
additional information	Ca2+ is the most effective cofactor. The preference is in desecending order: Ca2+, Mg2+, Zn2+. Apyrase activity is dependent on ions as cofactors	Triticum aestivum
Zn2+	activates	Triticum aestivum

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

Natural Substrates	Organism	Comment (Nat. Sub.)	Natural Products	Comment (Nat. Pro.)	Rev.	Reac.
ATP + 2 H2O	Triticum aestivum	-	AMP + 2 phosphate	-	?

Organism

Organism	UniProt	Comment	Textmining
Triticum aestivum	-	-	-

Source Tissue

Source Tissue	Comment	Organism	Textmining
additional information	specifically, TaAPY3-4 exhibits high expression level both in the leaf and root under cadmium stress	Triticum aestivum	-
root	-	Triticum aestivum	-
seedling	gene expression pattern of the APYs in wheat seedlings in response to abiotic and biotic stresses, overview	Triticum aestivum	-
shoot	-	Triticum aestivum	-

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

Substrates	Comment Substrates	Organism	Products	Comment (Products)	Rev.	Reac.
ATP + 2 H2O	-	Triticum aestivum	AMP + 2 phosphate	-	?
additional information	APY3-1 exhibits slightly lower enzymatic activity when degrading the ADP compared with ATP, but has very low activity during the degradation of TTP, GTP, and CTP, suggesting that TaAPY3-1 has a high substrate specificity	Triticum aestivum	?	-	-

Subunits

Subunits	Comment	Organism
?	x * 36015-54540, TaAPY6, sequence calculation	Triticum aestivum
?	x * 46446-49036, TaAPY3-2, sequence calculation	Triticum aestivum
?	x * 46720-47258, TaAPY3-4, sequence calculation	Triticum aestivum
?	x * 48910-50034, TaAPY2, sequence calculation	Triticum aestivum
?	x * 49178-49979, TaAPY3-3, sequence calculation	Triticum aestivum
?	x * 49209-54652, TaAPY5, sequence calculation	Triticum aestivum
?	x * 49471-49555, TaAPY3-1, sequence calculation	Triticum aestivum
?	x * 52225-52261, TaAPY1, sequence calculation	Triticum aestivum
?	x * 77472-77557, TaAPY7, sequence calculation	Triticum aestivum
More	three-dimensional structure, overview	Triticum aestivum
More	TaAPY1, three-dimensional structure, overview	Triticum aestivum
More	TaAPY2, three-dimensional structure, overview	Triticum aestivum
More	TaAPY3-1 three-dimensional structure, overview	Triticum aestivum

Synonyms

Synonyms	Comment	Organism
TaAPY1	-	Triticum aestivum
TaAPY2	-	Triticum aestivum
TaAPY3-1	-	Triticum aestivum
TaAPY3-2	-	Triticum aestivum
TaAPY3-3	-	Triticum aestivum
TaAPY3-4	-	Triticum aestivum
TaAPY5	-	Triticum aestivum
TaAPY6	-	Triticum aestivum
TaAPY7	-	Triticum aestivum

Temperature Optimum [°C]

Temperature Optimum [°C]	Temperature Optimum Maximum [°C]	Comment	Organism
37	-	-	Triticum aestivum

Temperature Range [°C]

Temperature Minimum [°C]	Temperature Maximum [°C]	Comment	Organism
25	52	TaAPY3-1, activity range	Triticum aestivum

pH Optimum

pH Optimum Minimum	pH Optimum Maximum	Comment	Organism
4.5	5.5	-	Triticum aestivum

pI Value

Organism	Comment	pI Value Maximum	pI Value
Triticum aestivum	TaAPY1, sequence calculation	6.34	5.93
Triticum aestivum	TaAPY3-3, sequence calculation	7.07	5.96
Triticum aestivum	TaAPY3-1, sequence calculation	6.36	6.05
Triticum aestivum	TaAPY3-2, sequence calculation	8.89	6.06
Triticum aestivum	TaAPY2, sequence calculation	7.04	6.68
Triticum aestivum	TaAPY5, sequence calculation	8.96	8.02
Triticum aestivum	TaAPY6, sequence calculation	9.05	8.13
Triticum aestivum	TaAPY7, sequence calculation	9.2	9.19
Triticum aestivum	sequence calculation	9.4	9.29

Expression

Organism	Comment	Expression
Triticum aestivum	gene expression pattern of the APYs in wheat seedlings in response to abiotic and biotic stresses, overview	additional information
Triticum aestivum	mannitol treatment is used to produce an artificial drought stress condition in the wheat seedlings. All the TaAPYs are upregulated within 24 h	up
Triticum aestivum	mannitol treatment is used to produce an artificial drought stress condition in the wheat seedlings. All the TaAPYs are upregulated within 24 h, among which, TaAPY1, TaAPY3-4, and TaAPY6 reach an extremely high expression level in the leaves	up
Triticum aestivum	mannitol treatment is used to produce an artificial drought stress condition in the wheat seedlings. All the TaAPYs are upregulated within 24 h, among which, TaAPY1, TaAPY3-4, and TaAPY6 reach an extremely high expression level in the leaves. TaAPY6 exhibits a significant upregulation at 6 h under cadmium stress	up
Triticum aestivum	specifically, TaAPY3-4 exhibits high expression level both in the leaf and root under cadmium stress	up

General Information

General Information	Comment	Organism
evolution	the enzyme belongs to the NTPDase family	Triticum aestivum
physiological function	apyrases, which directly regulate intra- and extracellular ATP homeostasis, play a pivotal role in the regulation of various stress adaptations in mammals, bacteria and plants	Triticum aestivum

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Release 2023.1 (January 2023)