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Literature summary for 3.6.1.22 extracted from
- Loss-of-function of an Arabidopsis NADPH pyrophosphohydrolase, AtNUDX19, impacts on the pyridine nucleotides status and confers photooxidative stress tolerance (2016), Sci. Rep., 6, 37432 .
No PubMed abstract available
Cloned(Commentary)
| Cloned (Comment) | Organism |
|---|---|
| gene NUDX19, sequence comparisons and phylogenetic analysis | Arabidopsis thaliana |
Protein Variants
| Protein Variants | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| additional information | construction of AtNUDX19 mutants, Arabidopsis lines SALK_115339 and SALK_135053 containing a T-DNA insert in the AtNUDX19 gene, physiological function analysis. Neither transcript nor protein of AtNUDX19 is detected in the homozygous SALK_135053 line, and very low levels of the AtNUDX19 transcript and protein are observed in the homozygous SALK_115339 line. Thus, the SALK_135053 and SALK_115339 lines are knockout (KO-nudx19) and knockdown (KD-nudx19) mutants of this gene, respectively. The growth of the mutants is similar to that of wild-type plants under normal growth conditions. The ratio of NADPH to total NADP(H) in KD- and KO-nudx19 plants is approximately 2fold higher than that in wild type under both conditions. The lack of AtNUDX19 had no impact on NADH levels. Under normal light intensity, there is also no difference in NAD+ levels between wild-type and mutant plants. Although NAD+ levels are increased in response to high light in wild type, this increase is almost completely inhibits in the nudx19 mutants, which increases the ratio of NADH to total NAD(H). Tolerance of nudx19 mutants to photooxidative stress, phenotypes. The tolerance of nudx19 mutants to photooxidative stress is due to an enhancement in photosynthesis, increase in antioxidant capacity, and/or modulation of the expression of defense genes through changes in the levels and redox states of NAD(P). Effects of AtNUDX19-disruption on nuclear gene expression, overview | Arabidopsis thaliana |
Localization
| Localization | Comment | Organism | GeneOntology No. | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| chloroplast | - |
Arabidopsis thaliana | 9507 | - |
| additional information | AtNUDX19 is targeted to both chloroplasts and peroxisomes | Arabidopsis thaliana | - |
- |
| peroxisome | - |
Arabidopsis thaliana | 5777 | - |
Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)
| Natural Substrates | Organism | Comment (Nat. Sub.) | Natural Products | Comment (Nat. Pro.) | Rev. | Reac. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| additional information | Arabidopsis thaliana | AtNUDX19 catalyzes the hydrolysis of NADPH, but not NADH, in vivo | ? | - |
- |
 |
| NADP+ + H2O | Arabidopsis thaliana | - |
NMN + adenosine 3',5'-diphosphate | - |
? | |
| NADPH + H2O | Arabidopsis thaliana | - |
? | - |
? | |
Organism
| Organism | UniProt | Comment | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|
| Arabidopsis thaliana | Q94A82 | - |
- |
Source Tissue
| Source Tissue | Comment | Organism | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|
| leaf | - |
Arabidopsis thaliana | - |
| root | - |
Arabidopsis thaliana | - |
Substrates and Products (Substrate)
| Substrates | Comment Substrates | Organism | Products | Comment (Products) | Rev. | Reac. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| additional information | AtNUDX19 catalyzes the hydrolysis of NADPH, but not NADH, in vivo | Arabidopsis thaliana | ? | - |
- |
|
| NAD+ + H2O | - |
Arabidopsis thaliana | NMN + AMP | - |
? | |
| NADH + H2O | - |
Arabidopsis thaliana | NMNH + AMP | - |
? | |
| NADP+ + H2O | - |
Arabidopsis thaliana | NMN + adenosine 3',5'-diphosphate | - |
? | |
| NADPH + H2O | - |
Arabidopsis thaliana | ? | - |
? | |
Subunits
| Subunits | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| More | AtNUDX19 has the NUDIX, NUDIX-like, and zf-NADH-PPase domains, and the Nudix and SQPWPFPxS motifs, structure of AtNUDX19-type (SQPWP) enzymes, structure of subgroup I (including AtNUDX19) and II | Arabidopsis thaliana |
Synonyms
| Synonyms | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| At5g20070 | locus name | Arabidopsis thaliana |
| AtNUDX19 | - |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| NADPH pyrophosphohydrolase | - |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Nudix hydrolase 19 | - |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| nudx19 | - |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
General Information
| General Information | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| evolution | structure and phylogenetic tree of AtNUDX19-type (SQPWP) enzymes, structure of subgroup I (including AtNUDX19) and II | Arabidopsis thaliana |
| malfunction | nudx19 mutants accumulate salicylic acid and show high sensitivity to the hormone. Physiological role of AtNUDX19 using its loss-of-function mutants. NADPH levels are increased in nudx19 mutants under both normal and high light conditions, while NADP+ and NAD+ levels are decreased. Despite the high redox states of NADP(H), nudx19 mutants exhibit high tolerance to moderate light- or methylviologen-induced photooxidative stresses. The tolerance of nudx19 mutants to photooxidative stress is due to an enhancement in photosynthesis, increase in antioxidant capacity, and/or modulation of the expression of defense genes through changes in the levels and redox states of NAD(P), phenotypes, overview. AtNUDX19 acts as a negative regulator of SA synthesis. In contrast, KO- and KD-nudx19 plants are slightly insensitive to jasmonic acid methyl (MeJA) and abscisic acid (ABA). This might be explained by the fact that SA acts as an antagonist of these hormones. The expression of AtNUDX19 is also responsive to treatments with these hormones | Arabidopsis thaliana |
| physiological function | Arabidopsis Nudix hydrolase, AtNUDX19, has NADPH hydrolytic activity in vitro and is a regulator of the NADPH status. Role of ANUDX19 in regulation of the salicylic acid response in a negative manner. ANUDX19 acts as an NADPH diphosphohydrolase to modulate cellular levels and redox states of pyridine nucleotides and fine-tunes photooxidative stress response through the regulation of photosynthesis, antioxidant system, /and possibly hormonal signaling. The redox states of NADP(H) are crucial for regulating both ROS production and scavenging in chloroplasts. AtNUDX19 regulates NADPH levels and activity of enzymes involved in the NADPH production in Arabidopsis thaliana leaves and roots. AtNUDX19 catalyzes the hydrolysis of NADPH, but not NADH, in vivo and has significant impacts on the cellular levels and redox states of pyridine nucleotides | Arabidopsis thaliana |
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