Literature summary for 3.5.1.78 extracted from

Chattopadhyay, M.K.; Chen, W.; Tabor, H.
Escherichia coli glutathionylspermidine synthetase/amidase: phylogeny and effect on regulation of gene expression (2013), FEMS Microbiol. Lett., 338, 132-140.

Cloned(Commentary)

Cloned (Comment)	Organism
gene gss, phylogenetic and global transcriptome analyses, microarray studies comparing gss+ and DELTAgss strains of Escherichia coli show that a large number of genes are either upregulated (76 genes more than 3fold) or downregulated (35 genes more than 3fold) by the loss of the gss gene. Most significant categories of up-regulated genes include sulfur utilization, glutamine and succinate metabolism, polyamine and arginine metabolism, and purine and pyrimidine metabolism	Escherichia coli

Cloned (Comment)

Organism

gene gss, phylogenetic and global transcriptome analyses, microarray studies comparing gss+ and DELTAgss strains of Escherichia coli show that a large number of genes are either upregulated (76 genes more than 3fold) or downregulated (35 genes more than 3fold) by the loss of the gss gene. Most significant categories of up-regulated genes include sulfur utilization, glutamine and succinate metabolism, polyamine and arginine metabolism, and purine and pyrimidine metabolism

Escherichia coli

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

Natural Substrates	Organism	Comment (Nat. Sub.)	Natural Products	Comment (Nat. Pro.)	Rev.	Reac.
glutathionylspermidine + H2O	Escherichia coli	-	glutathione + spermidine	GspSA catalyzes the formation of a peptide bond between GSH and spermidine, cf. EC 6.3.1.8	r

Organism

Organism	UniProt	Comment	Textmining
Escherichia coli	P0AES0	gene gss	-

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

Substrates	Comment Substrates	Organism	Products	Comment (Products)	Rev.	Reac.
glutathionylspermidine + H2O	-	Escherichia coli	glutathione + spermidine	GspSA catalyzes the formation of a peptide bond between GSH and spermidine, cf. EC 6.3.1.8	r

Synonyms

Synonyms	Comment	Organism
Glutathionylspermidine synthetase/amidase	-	Escherichia coli
GSS	-	Escherichia coli

General Information

General Information	Comment	Organism
evolution	phylogenetic distribution of Gss: Gss sequences are largely limited to certain bacteria and kinetoplastids, and are absent in a variety of invertebrate and vertebrate species, archaea, plants and some eubacteria	Escherichia coli
metabolism	microarray studies comparing gss+ and DELTAgss strains of Escherichia coli show that a large number of genes are either upregulated (76 genes more than 3fold) or downregulated (35 genes more than 3fold) by the loss of the gss gene. Most significant categories of up-regulated genes include sulfur utilization, glutamine and succinate metabolism, polyamine and arginine metabolism, and purine and pyrimidine metabolism	Escherichia coli