Literature summary for 3.1.4.4 extracted from

Fang, M.; Olivares-Navarrete, R.; Wieland, M.; Cochran, D.L.; Boyan, B.D.; Schwartz, Z.
The role of phospholipase D in osteoblast response to titanium surface microstructure (2010), J. Biomed. Mater. Res. A, 93, 897-909.

Search for more literature for 3.1.4.4

Activating Compound

Activating Compound	Comment	Organism	Structure
24R,25(OH)2D3	PLD is activated by 24R,25(OH)2D3 in a surface-dependent manner	Homo sapiens
GTPases	PLD1 is activated by PKCalpha and GTPases such as RhoA, RacI, Cdc42, and ADP-ribosylation factor, ARF, whereas PLD2 is not	Homo sapiens

Protein Variants

Protein Variants	Comment	Organism
additional information	PLD1/2 double knockdown reduces surface-induced effects, i.e. the increase of PLD mRNA and activity, osteocalcin and osteoprotegerin, and protein kinase C and alkaline phosphatase specific activities, as well as the decrease of cell number, overview. shRNAs for human PLD1 and PLD2 are used to silence MG63 cells. Wild-type and PLD1 or PLD1/2 silenced cells are cultured on smooth-pretreatment surfaces. PLD is required for the differentiation of osteoblast-like MG63 cells on machined and grit-blasted titanium surfaces, role of PLD in osteoblast response to titanium surface microstructure. PLD silencing affects osteoblast differentiation, inhibition of PLD reduces the effects of surface microstructure/energy on protein kinase C, suggesting that PLD mediates the stimulatory effect of microstructured/high-energy surfaces via PKC-dependent signaling, phenotypes, detailed overview	Homo sapiens

Inhibitors

Inhibitors	Comment	Organism	Structure
ethanol	inhibits PLD and reduces surface effects, e.g. the increase of PLD mRNA and activity, osteocalcin and osteoprotegerin, and protein kinase C and alkaline phosphatase specific activities, as well as the decrease of cell number	Homo sapiens
additional information	inhibition of PLD reduces the effects of surface microstructure/energy on protein kinase C, suggesting that PLD mediates the stimulatory effect of microstructured/high-energy surfaces via PKC-dependent signaling	Homo sapiens

Localization

Localization	Comment	Organism	GeneOntology No.	Textmining
additional information	isozymes PLD1 and PLD2 are localized differently in the cell	Homo sapiens	-	-

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

Natural Substrates	Organism	Comment (Nat. Sub.)	Natural Products	Comment (Nat. Pro.)	Rev.	Reac.
additional information	Homo sapiens	isozymes PLD1 and PLD2 share aboout 50% homology, but are regulated and localized differently in the cell. In vitro, PLD2 has a higher basal activity than PLD1, but overall cellular activity of PLD is low	?	-	?
phosphatidylcholine + H2O	Homo sapiens	-	choline + phosphatidic acid	-	?

Organism

Organism	UniProt	Comment	Textmining
Homo sapiens	O14939	isozymes PLD1 and PLD2, PLD2 has three splice variants, PLD2a, 2b, and 2c	-

Source Tissue

Source Tissue	Comment	Organism	Textmining
MG-63 cell	osteoblast-like cells	Homo sapiens	-
osteoblast	-	Homo sapiens	-

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

Substrates	Comment Substrates	Organism	Products	Comment (Products)	Rev.	Reac.
additional information	isozymes PLD1 and PLD2 share aboout 50% homology, but are regulated and localized differently in the cell. In vitro, PLD2 has a higher basal activity than PLD1, but overall cellular activity of PLD is low	Homo sapiens	?	-	?
phosphatidylcholine + H2O	-	Homo sapiens	choline + phosphatidic acid	-	?

Synonyms

Synonyms	Comment	Organism
PLD	-	Homo sapiens
PLD1	-	Homo sapiens
PLD2	-	Homo sapiens

General Information

General Information	Comment	Organism
physiological function	main function of PLD is to hydrolyze membrane phosphatidylcholine to generate the precursor signaling molecule phosphatidic acid and choline. PLD activity is required for osteoblast differentiation, and isozyme PLD2 is the main isoform involved in this pathway	Homo sapiens

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Release 2023.1 (January 2023)