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Literature summary for 3.1.4.4 extracted from
- Inter-regulatory dynamics of phospholipase D and the actin cytoskeleton (2009), Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 1791, 856-861.
Activating Compound
| Activating Compound | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|
| ARF GTPases | all ARF proteins 1-6 stimulate PLD to a similar extent | Mus musculus | |
| ARF GTPases | all ARF proteins 1-6 stimulate PLD to a similar extent | Rattus norvegicus | |
| ARF GTPases | all ARF proteins 1-6 stimulate PLD1 and PLD2 to a similar extent | Homo sapiens | |
| Cdc42 | in addition to interactions with Rac and Rho, PLD1 is regulated by Cdc42 | Mus musculus | |
| Cdc42 | in addition to interactions with Rac and Rho, PLD1 is regulated by Cdc42 | Homo sapiens | |
| Cdc42 | in addition to interactions with Rac and Rho, PLD1 is regulated by Cdc42 | Rattus norvegicus | |
| Rho GTPases | PLD1 and PLD2 activity is regulated by the Rho family of small GTPases | Mus musculus | |
| Rho GTPases | PLD1 and PLD2 activity is regulated by the Rho family of small GTPases | Homo sapiens | |
| Rho GTPases | PLD1 and PLD2 activity is regulated by the Rho family of small GTPases | Rattus norvegicus |
Protein Variants
| Protein Variants | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| additional information | addition of PLD from Streptomyces chromofocus of exogenous PtdOH causes the normally semiround Hamster IIC9 fibroblasts to become more elongated in shape. Moreover, the PLD and PtdOH-induced change in cell morphology is driven by the formation of actin stress fibres | Streptomyces chromofuscus |
Localization
| Localization | Comment | Organism | GeneOntology No. | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| intracellular | phosphorylation of cofilin on Ser3 by LIM-kinase 1 correlates with a relocalisation of PLD1 from a predominantly intracellular localisation to the plasma membrane | Mus musculus | 5622 | - |
| intracellular | phosphorylation of cofilin on Ser3 by LIM-kinase 1 correlates with a relocalisation of PLD1 from a predominantly intracellular localisation to the plasma membrane | Homo sapiens | 5622 | - |
| intracellular | phosphorylation of cofilin on Ser3 by LIM-kinase 1 correlates with a relocalisation of PLD1 from a predominantly intracellular localisation to the plasma membrane | Rattus norvegicus | 5622 | - |
| plasma membrane | phosphorylation of cofilin on Ser3 by LIM-kinase 1 correlates with a relocalisation of PLD1 from a predominantly intracellular localisation to the plasma membrane | Mus musculus | 5886 | - |
| plasma membrane | phosphorylation of cofilin on Ser3 by LIM-kinase 1 correlates with a relocalisation of PLD1 from a predominantly intracellular localisation to the plasma membrane | Homo sapiens | 5886 | - |
| plasma membrane | phosphorylation of cofilin on Ser3 by LIM-kinase 1 correlates with a relocalisation of PLD1 from a predominantly intracellular localisation to the plasma membrane | Rattus norvegicus | 5886 | - |
Organism
| Organism | UniProt | Comment | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|
| Homo sapiens | - |
isozymes PLD1 and PLD2 | - |
| Mus musculus | - |
isozymes PLD1 and PLD2 | - |
| Rattus norvegicus | - |
isozymes PLD1 and PLD2 | - |
| Streptomyces chromofuscus | - |
- |
- |
Source Tissue
| Source Tissue | Comment | Organism | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|
| cell culture | cells in suspension exhibit elevated levels of PLD activity compared to adherent cells, and as cells adhere to the substratum, PLD activity is downregulated | Homo sapiens | - |
| endothelial cell | - |
Homo sapiens | - |
| epithelial cell | - |
Homo sapiens | - |
| fibroblast | - |
Mus musculus | - |
| lymphocyte | - |
Homo sapiens | - |
| mast cell | - |
Homo sapiens | - |
| NIH-3T3 cell | - |
Mus musculus | - |
| PC-12 cell | - |
Rattus norvegicus | - |
| skin | - |
Homo sapiens | - |
| stratum corneum | - |
Homo sapiens | - |
Synonyms
| Synonyms | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| PLD | - |
Streptomyces chromofuscus |
| PLD1 | - |
Mus musculus |
| PLD1 | - |
Homo sapiens |
| PLD1 | - |
Rattus norvegicus |
| PLD2 | - |
Mus musculus |
| PLD2 | - |
Homo sapiens |
| PLD2 | - |
Rattus norvegicus |
General Information
| General Information | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| metabolism | the regulation of PLD activity by phosphoinositides, particularly by PtdIns(4,5)P2 provides a link with a number of proteins known to regulate cytoskeletal changes associated with adhesion and migration of cells, while this is also apparent when the additional PLD regulators, in particular the small GTPases, are considered | Mus musculus |
| metabolism | the regulation of PLD activity by phosphoinositides, particularly by PtdIns(4,5)P2 provides a link with a number of proteins known to regulate cytoskeletal changes associated with adhesion and migration of cells, while this is also apparent when the additional PLD regulators, in particular the small GTPases, are considered | Homo sapiens |
| metabolism | the regulation of PLD activity by phosphoinositides, particularly by PtdIns(4,5)P2 provides a link with a number of proteins known to regulate cytoskeletal changes associated with adhesion and migration of cells, while this is also apparent when the additional PLD regulators, in particular the small GTPases, are considered | Rattus norvegicus |
| physiological function | PLD is involved in stress fiber formation | Streptomyces chromofuscus |
| physiological function | PLD2 plays the role of master regulator and in an ill-defined manner regulates Rho function, PLD1 activity is downstream of this activation, however the generated phosphatidic acid controls changes in cytoskeletal organisation through its regulation of phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate-5-kinase activity, overview. Regulatory mechanisms of PLD1 and PLD2 cellular activities, overview | Mus musculus |
| physiological function | PLD2 plays the role of master regulator and in an ill-defined manner regulates Rho function, PLD1 activity is downstream of this activation, however the generated phosphatidic acid controls changes in cytoskeletal organisation through its regulation of phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate-5-kinase activity, overview. Regulatory mechanisms of PLD1 and PLD2 cellular activities, overview | Rattus norvegicus |
| physiological function | PLD2 plays the role of master regulator and in an ill-defined manner regulates Rho function, PLD1 activity is downstream of this activation, however the generated phosphatidic acid controls changes in cytoskeletal organisation through its regulation of phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate-5-kinase activity, PLD2 master regulator model, overview. Relation between PLD activation and cytoskeletal remodelling, PLD signalling during cell adhesion, PLD regulation of integrin adhesiveness, cell spreading, and of actin polymerisation during cell spreading, regulation of of stress fibre formation, regulatory mechanisms of PLD1 and PLD2 cellular activities, overview. PLD signalling regulates actin-myosin contractility necessary for cell spreading | Homo sapiens |
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