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Literature summary for 3.1.3.16 extracted from
- Protein serine/threonine phosphatases: life, death, and sleeping (2005), Curr. Opin. Cell Biol., 17, 197-202.
Protein Variants
| Protein Variants | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| additional information | knockout of PP2A subunits using dsDNA, and of the two B56 genes leaving A(B56)C and A(PR72)C heterotrimers intact activates caspases and cause apoptosis | Drosophila melanogaster |
| additional information | PP2A Calpha subunit knockout mice show early embryonic death | Mus musculus |
Inhibitors
| Inhibitors | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|
| calyculin A | inhibits isozymes PP1, PP4, PP5, and PP2A | Homo sapiens |  |
| calyculin A | inhibits PP1, PP4, PP5, and PP2A | Mus musculus | |
| fostriecin | inhibits isozymes PP2A and PP4 | Homo sapiens | |
| fostriecin | inhibits PP2A and PP4 | Mus musculus | |
| microcystin | inhibits isozymes PP1, PP4, PP5, and PP2A | Homo sapiens | |
| microcystin | inhibits PP1, PP4, PP5, and PP2A | Mus musculus | |
| additional information | isozyme PP5 contains an extended N-terminal domain with three tetratricopeptide repeat, TPR, motifs which possesses autoinhibitory function and are important for interaction with other proteins | Homo sapiens | |
| nodularin | inhibits isozymes PP2A, PP5, and PP4 | Homo sapiens | |
| nodularin | inhibits PP2A, PP5, and PP4 | Mus musculus | |
| okadaic acid | inhibits isozymes PP1, PP4, PP5, and PP2A | Homo sapiens | |
| okadaic acid | inhibits PP1, PP4, PP5, and PP2A | Mus musculus | |
| Protein phosphatase inhibitor-1 | inhibits isozyme PP1 | Homo sapiens | |
| Protein phosphatase inhibitor-1 | inhibits PP1 | Mus musculus | |
| protein phosphatase inhibitor-2 | inhibits isozyme PP1 | Homo sapiens | |
| protein phosphatase inhibitor-2 | inhibits PP1 | Mus musculus | |
| small t antigen of SV40 and polyomavirus | inhibits isozyme PP2A | Homo sapiens |
Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)
| Natural Substrates | Organism | Comment (Nat. Sub.) | Natural Products | Comment (Nat. Pro.) | Rev. | Reac. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| additional information | Lingulodinium polyedra | the enzyme is involved in regulation of diverse cellular processes and signaling pathways including circadian rhythm and apoptosis, overview | ? | - |
? | |
| additional information | Neurospora crassa | the enzyme is involved in regulation of diverse cellular processes and signaling pathways including circadian rhythm, moluating the circadian transcription factor FRQ, and apoptosis, overview | ? | - |
? | |
| additional information | Mus musculus | the enzyme is involved in regulation of diverse cellular processes and signaling pathways including embryonic development, cell proliferation, cell death, and cancer, overview, PP5 is involved in stress response negatively regulating ASK-1 dependent apoptosis and promoting tumor growth | ? | - |
? | |
| additional information | Homo sapiens | the enzyme is involved in regulation of diverse cellular processes and signaling pathways including embryonic development, cell proliferation, cell death, and cancer, overview, PP5 is involved in stress response negatively regulating ASK-1 dependent apoptosis and promoting tumor growth, PP2A is regulated by the small t antigen of SV40 and polyomavirus, and is involved in targeting of nuclear transcription factors, e.g. HAND1 and HAND2, overview | ? | - |
? | |
| additional information | Drosophila melanogaster | the enzyme is involved in regulation of diverse cellular processes and signaling pathways including embryonic development, cell proliferation, cell death, circadian rhythm and cancer, overview, knockout of the PP2A regulator alpha4 causes p53-regulated apoptosis correlated with increased phosphorylation of p53 and JNK, PP2A is involved in regulation of PERIOD degradation and de/phosphorylation important in cricadian rhythm, overview | ? | - |
? | |
| phosphorylated myosin light chain + H2O | Mus musculus | isozyme PP1delta regulates smooth muscle relaxation | myosin light chain + phosphate | - |
? | |
| phosphorylated myosin light chain + H2O | Homo sapiens | isozyme PP1delta regulates smooth muscle relaxation | myosin light chain + phosphate | - |
? | |
| phosphorylated p53 + H2O | Mus musculus | - |
p53 + phosphate | - |
? | |
| phosphorylated p53 + H2O | Drosophila melanogaster | the B56-containing PP2A acts partly through p53 suppressing apoptosis | p53 + phosphate | - |
? | |
Organism
| Organism | UniProt | Comment | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|
| Drosophila melanogaster | - |
- |
- |
| Homo sapiens | - |
several isozymes, classification, overview | - |
| Lingulodinium polyedra | - |
marine dinoflagellate | - |
| Mus musculus | - |
several isozymes, classification, overview | - |
| Neurospora crassa | - |
- |
- |
Reaction
| Reaction | Comment | Organism | Reaction ID |
|---|---|---|---|
| [a protein]-serine/threonine phosphate + H2O = [a protein]-serine/threonine + phosphate | mechanism of isozyme PP1, the enzyme also performs the reaction of EC 3.1.3.53, myosin-light-chain-phosphatase | Homo sapiens | |
| [a protein]-serine/threonine phosphate + H2O = [a protein]-serine/threonine + phosphate | mechanism of PP1 | Mus musculus |
Source Tissue
| Source Tissue | Comment | Organism | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|
| smooth muscle | isozyme PP1delta | Mus musculus | - |
| smooth muscle | isozyme PP1delta | Homo sapiens | - |
Substrates and Products (Substrate)
| Substrates | Comment Substrates | Organism | Products | Comment (Products) | Rev. | Reac. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| additional information | the enzyme is involved in regulation of diverse cellular processes and signaling pathways including circadian rhythm and apoptosis, overview | Lingulodinium polyedra | ? | - |
? | |
| additional information | the enzyme is involved in regulation of diverse cellular processes and signaling pathways including circadian rhythm, moluating the circadian transcription factor FRQ, and apoptosis, overview | Neurospora crassa | ? | - |
? | |
| additional information | the enzyme is involved in regulation of diverse cellular processes and signaling pathways including embryonic development, cell proliferation, cell death, and cancer, overview, PP5 is involved in stress response negatively regulating ASK-1 dependent apoptosis and promoting tumor growth | Mus musculus | ? | - |
? | |
| additional information | the enzyme is involved in regulation of diverse cellular processes and signaling pathways including embryonic development, cell proliferation, cell death, and cancer, overview, PP5 is involved in stress response negatively regulating ASK-1 dependent apoptosis and promoting tumor growth, PP2A is regulated by the small t antigen of SV40 and polyomavirus, and is involved in targeting of nuclear transcription factors, e.g. HAND1 and HAND2, overview | Homo sapiens | ? | - |
? | |
| additional information | the enzyme is involved in regulation of diverse cellular processes and signaling pathways including embryonic development, cell proliferation, cell death, circadian rhythm and cancer, overview, knockout of the PP2A regulator alpha4 causes p53-regulated apoptosis correlated with increased phosphorylation of p53 and JNK, PP2A is involved in regulation of PERIOD degradation and de/phosphorylation important in cricadian rhythm, overview | Drosophila melanogaster | ? | - |
? | |
| additional information | the different serine/threonine protein phosphatases are associated to a variety of other proteins, e.g. PP1 has about 50 associated proteins, PP5 contains an extended N-terminal domain with three tetratricopeptide repeat, TPR, motifs which possesses autoinhibitory function and are important for interaction with other proteins | Homo sapiens | ? | - |
? | |
| phosphorylated myosin light chain + H2O | isozyme PP1delta regulates smooth muscle relaxation | Mus musculus | myosin light chain + phosphate | - |
? | |
| phosphorylated myosin light chain + H2O | isozyme PP1delta regulates smooth muscle relaxation | Homo sapiens | myosin light chain + phosphate | - |
? | |
| phosphorylated myosin light chain + H2O | isozyme PP1delta, the reaction involves the RVxF-containing myosin phosphatase targeting subunit 1, MYPT1 | Mus musculus | myosin light chain + phosphate | - |
? | |
| phosphorylated myosin light chain + H2O | isozyme PP1delta, the reaction involves the RVxF-containing myosin phosphatase targeting subunit 1, MYPT1 | Homo sapiens | myosin light chain + phosphate | - |
? | |
| phosphorylated p53 + H2O | - |
Drosophila melanogaster | p53 + phosphate | - |
? | |
| phosphorylated p53 + H2O | - |
Mus musculus | p53 + phosphate | - |
? | |
| phosphorylated p53 + H2O | the B56-containing PP2A acts partly through p53 suppressing apoptosis | Drosophila melanogaster | p53 + phosphate | - |
? | |
Subunits
| Subunits | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| heterodimer | - |
Neurospora crassa |
| heterodimer | - |
Lingulodinium polyedra |
| More | the enzymes are monomers or heterodimers, the different serine/threonine protein phosphatases are formed by different catalytic subunits forming the different isozymes | Drosophila melanogaster |
| More | the enzymes are monomers or heterodimers, the different serine/threonine protein phosphatases are formed by different catalytic subunits forming the different isozymes | Mus musculus |
| More | the enzymes are monomers or heterodimers, the different serine/threonine protein phosphatases are formed by only some different catalytic subunits forming the different isozymes in humans, isozyme PP5 contains an extended N-terminal domain with three tetratricopeptide repeat, TPR, motifs which possesses autoinhibitory function and are important for interaction with other proteins | Homo sapiens |
| trimer | the isozyme PP2A is composed of subunits A, C, and B56gamma | Homo sapiens |
Synonyms
| Synonyms | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| More | the enzyme belongs to the phosphoprotein phosphatase family | Drosophila melanogaster |
| More | the enzyme belongs to the phosphoprotein phosphatase family | Mus musculus |
| More | the enzyme belongs to the phosphoprotein phosphatase family | Neurospora crassa |
| More | the enzyme belongs to the phosphoprotein phosphatase family | Lingulodinium polyedra |
| More | the enzyme belongs to the phosphoprotein phosphatase family, cf. EC 3.1.3.53, myosin-light-chain-phosphatase | Homo sapiens |
| PP | - |
Drosophila melanogaster |
| PP | - |
Mus musculus |
| PP1 | - |
Neurospora crassa |
| PP1 | - |
Lingulodinium polyedra |
| PP2A | - |
Neurospora crassa |
| PP2A | - |
Lingulodinium polyedra |
| protein serine/threonine phosphatase | - |
Drosophila melanogaster |
| protein serine/threonine phosphatase | - |
Mus musculus |
| protein serine/threonine phosphatase | - |
Homo sapiens |
| protein serine/threonine phosphatase | - |
Neurospora crassa |
| protein serine/threonine phosphatase | - |
Lingulodinium polyedra |
| PSTP | - |
Drosophila melanogaster |
| PSTP | - |
Mus musculus |
| PSTP | - |
Homo sapiens |
| PSTP | - |
Neurospora crassa |
| PSTP | - |
Lingulodinium polyedra |
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Release 2023.1 (January 2023)
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