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Literature summary for 3.1.1.47 extracted from
- Plasma platelet activating factor-acetylhydrolase (PAF-AH) (2003), Prog. Lipid Res., 42, 93-114.
Application
| Application | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| medicine | plasma isozyme is a target of many clinical studies in inflammatory diseases, such as asthma, sepsis, and vascular diseases | Homo sapiens |
Cloned(Commentary)
| Cloned (Comment) | Organism |
|---|---|
| plasma isozyme, DNA and amino acid sequence determination and analysis, gene maps at chromosome 6q12-21.1 | Homo sapiens |
Protein Variants
| Protein Variants | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| additional information | 4% naturally occurring deficiency of plasma isozyme in Japanese population can be complemented by the other isozymes | Homo sapiens |
Inhibitors
| Inhibitors | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|
| diisopropylfluorophosphate | plasma isozyme containing the GXSXG motif | Homo sapiens |  |
KM Value [mM]
| KM Value [mM] | KM Value Maximum [mM] | Substrate | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.012 | 0.0137 | 2-acetyl-1-alkyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine | - |
Homo sapiens | |
Localization
| Localization | Comment | Organism | GeneOntology No. | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| extracellular | plasma isozyme | Cavia porcellus | - |
- |
| extracellular | plasma isozyme | Homo sapiens | - |
- |
| intracellular | isozymes Ib and II | Homo sapiens | 5622 | - |
Molecular Weight [Da]
| Molecular Weight [Da] | Molecular Weight Maximum [Da] | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 40000 | - |
1 * 45000, plasma isozyme, 1 * 40000, isozyme II | Homo sapiens |
| 43000 | 67000 | plasma isozyme, gel filtration | Homo sapiens |
| 45000 | - |
1 * 45000, plasma isozyme, 1 * 40000, isozyme II | Homo sapiens |
| 58000 | 63000 | plasma isozyme, gel filtration | Cavia porcellus |
Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)
| Natural Substrates | Organism | Comment (Nat. Sub.) | Natural Products | Comment (Nat. Pro.) | Rev. | Reac. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2-acetyl-1-alkyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + H2O | Cavia porcellus | - |
1-alkyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + acetate | - |
? | |
| 2-acetyl-1-alkyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + H2O | Homo sapiens | - |
1-alkyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + acetate | - |
? | |
| additional information | Homo sapiens | HDL-associated plasma isozyme may be involved in the protective role of HDL in artherosclerosis, plasma enzyme is associated to LDL, preferably LDL-5 and VLDL-1 particles, the enzyme contributes to the oxidation of LDL in increasing the content of lysoPAF, inflammatory and vascular diseases alter the plasma isozyme activity, enzyme is involved in several diseases and deficiencies, overview | ? | - |
? | |
Organism
| Organism | UniProt | Comment | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cavia porcellus | - |
- |
- |
| Homo sapiens | - |
- |
- |
Posttranslational Modification
| Posttranslational Modification | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| glycoprotein | plasma isozyme, extensive N-glycosylation at Asn423 and Asn433 | Homo sapiens |
Purification (Commentary)
| Purification (Comment) | Organism |
|---|---|
| from plasma | Cavia porcellus |
| plasma isozyme to homogeneity, solubilization from LDL | Homo sapiens |
Reaction
| Reaction | Comment | Organism | Reaction ID |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1-alkyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + H2O = 1-alkyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + acetate | mechanism, substrates can only bind in the aqueous phase to the active site of the plasma isozyme at the membrane-water interphase, catalytic triad is formed by Ser273, His351, and Asp296 | Homo sapiens |
Source Tissue
| Source Tissue | Comment | Organism | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|
| blood | increased level in subjects with chronic cholestasis | Homo sapiens | - |
| brain | isozyme Ib | Homo sapiens | - |
| hematopoietic cell | secretion of plasma isozyme | Homo sapiens | - |
| hepatocyte | secretion of plasma isozyme | Homo sapiens | - |
| kidney | isozyme II | Homo sapiens | - |
| Kupffer cell | - |
Homo sapiens | - |
| liver | isozyme II, reduced enzyme amount after liver transplantation | Homo sapiens | - |
| macrophage | secretion of plasma isozyme after cleavage of the signal peptide at Ala17/Val18, high enzyme activity during differentiation of monocytes to macrophages | Homo sapiens | - |
| mast cell | secretion of plasma isozyme | Homo sapiens | - |
| plasma | plasma isozyme | Cavia porcellus | - |
| plasma | plasma isozyme | Homo sapiens | - |
Substrates and Products (Substrate)
| Substrates | Comment Substrates | Organism | Products | Comment (Products) | Rev. | Reac. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1-palmitoyl-2(5-oxovaleroyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + H2O | plasma isozyme | Homo sapiens | 1-palmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + 5-oxopentanoate | - |
? | |
| 1-palmitoyl-2-arachidonoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + H2O | plasma isozyme | Homo sapiens | 1-palmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + arachidonate | - |
? | |
| 1-palmitoyl-2-glutaroyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + H2O | plasma isozyme | Homo sapiens | 1-palmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + glutarate | - |
? | |
| 2-acetyl-1-alkyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + H2O | - |
Cavia porcellus | 1-alkyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + acetate | - |
? | |
| 2-acetyl-1-alkyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + H2O | - |
Homo sapiens | 1-alkyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + acetate | - |
? | |
| 2-acetyl-1-alkyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + H2O | i.e. platelet-activation factor PAF, hydrolysis of the acetyl ester at the sn-2 position, conversion to the inactive lysoPAF | Cavia porcellus | 1-alkyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + acetate | i.e. lysoPAF | ? | |
| 2-acetyl-1-alkyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + H2O | i.e. platelet-activation factor PAF, hydrolysis of the acetyl ester at the sn-2 position, conversion to the inactive lysoPAF | Homo sapiens | 1-alkyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + acetate | i.e. lysoPAF | ? | |
| additional information | plasma isozyme and isozyme II shows also transacetylase activity, broad substrate specificity, plasma isozyme and isozyme II prefer PAF analogues with sn-2 propionyl and butyroyl moieties, while isozyme Ib hardly hydrolyzes these phospholipids, plasma isozyme hydrolyzes preferentially phosphatidylcholine with C9 acyl chain, activity is increased in the presence of an aldehyde group at the omega-end of the acyl chain | Homo sapiens | ? | - |
? | |
| additional information | HDL-associated plasma isozyme may be involved in the protective role of HDL in artherosclerosis, plasma enzyme is associated to LDL, preferably LDL-5 and VLDL-1 particles, the enzyme contributes to the oxidation of LDL in increasing the content of lysoPAF, inflammatory and vascular diseases alter the plasma isozyme activity, enzyme is involved in several diseases and deficiencies, overview | Homo sapiens | ? | - |
? | |
Subunits
| Subunits | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| monomer | 1 * 45000, plasma isozyme, 1 * 40000, isozyme II | Homo sapiens |
Synonyms
| Synonyms | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| PAF-acetylhydrolase | - |
Cavia porcellus |
| PAF-acetylhydrolase | - |
Homo sapiens |
| PAF-AH | - |
Cavia porcellus |
| PAF-AH | - |
Homo sapiens |
| platelet-activating factor-acetylhydrolase | - |
Cavia porcellus |
| platelet-activating factor-acetylhydrolase | - |
Homo sapiens |
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Release 2023.1 (January 2023)
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