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Literature summary for 3.1.1.14 extracted from
- Reexamination of chlorophyllase function implies its involvement in defense against chewing herbivores (2015), Plant Physiol., 167, 660-670 .
Cloned(Commentary)
| Cloned (Comment) | Organism |
|---|---|
| gene clh1, recombinant expression of YFP-tagged enzyme in Arabidopsis thaliana, the YFP-tagged enzyme is detected outside of chloroplasts in leaf protoplasts prepared from plants constitutively expressing CLH1-YFP | Arabidopsis thaliana |
| gene clh2 | Arabidopsis thaliana |
Protein Variants
| Protein Variants | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| additional information | construction of clh1 and clh1/clh2 mutant plants as transfer DNA insertion lines. Methyl jasmonate promotes chlorophyll degradation in the clh mutants as well as in the wild-type, phenotypes, overview | Arabidopsis thaliana |
Localization
| Localization | Comment | Organism | GeneOntology No. | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| chloroplast | - |
Arabidopsis thaliana | 9507 | - |
| endoplasmic reticulum | CLH is located in the endoplasmic reticulum and the tonoplast of intact plant cells | Arabidopsis thaliana | 5783 | - |
| microsome | - |
Arabidopsis thaliana | - |
- |
| tonoplast | CLH is located in the endoplasmic reticulum and the tonoplast of intact plant cells | Arabidopsis thaliana | - |
- |
Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)
| Natural Substrates | Organism | Comment (Nat. Sub.) | Natural Products | Comment (Nat. Pro.) | Rev. | Reac. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| chlorophyll + H2O | Arabidopsis thaliana | - |
phytol + chlorophyllide | - |
? |  |
| chlorophyll + H2O | Arabidopsis thaliana Col-0 | - |
phytol + chlorophyllide | - |
? | |
Organism
| Organism | UniProt | Comment | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|
| Arabidopsis thaliana | O22527 | - |
- |
| Arabidopsis thaliana | Q9M7I7 | - |
- |
| Arabidopsis thaliana Col-0 | O22527 | - |
- |
| Arabidopsis thaliana Col-0 | Q9M7I7 | - |
- |
Source Tissue
| Source Tissue | Comment | Organism | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|
| leaf | - |
Arabidopsis thaliana | - |
Substrates and Products (Substrate)
| Substrates | Comment Substrates | Organism | Products | Comment (Products) | Rev. | Reac. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| chlorophyll + H2O | - |
Arabidopsis thaliana | phytol + chlorophyllide | - |
? | |
| chlorophyll + H2O | - |
Arabidopsis thaliana Col-0 | phytol + chlorophyllide | - |
? | |
Synonyms
| Synonyms | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| Chlorophyllase-1 | - |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| chlorophyllase-2 | - |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| CLH | - |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| CLH1 | - |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| CLH2 | - |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
Temperature Optimum [°C]
| Temperature Optimum [°C] | Temperature Optimum Maximum [°C] | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 37 | - |
assay at | Arabidopsis thaliana |
pH Optimum
| pH Optimum Minimum | pH Optimum Maximum | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 9 | - |
assay at | Arabidopsis thaliana |
Expression
| Organism | Comment | Expression |
|---|---|---|
| Arabidopsis thaliana | the enzyme is induced by estradiol and methyl jasmonate | up |
General Information
| General Information | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| malfunction | chlorophyll breakdown is indistinguishable between wild-type plants and clh1 and clh1/clh2 mutant plants. By contrast, chlorophyll degradation is significantly delayed in an Arabidopsis thaliana mutant that lacks pheophytinase (PPH), catalyzing the breakdown of phytol and known to be associated with chlorophyll catabolism. These data indicate that PPH, not CLH1, is responsible for the majority of MeJA-enhanced chlorophyll breakdown, even though CLH1 is highly induced by methyl jasmonate | Arabidopsis thaliana |
| malfunction | chlorophyll breakdown is indistinguishable between wild-type plants and clh1 and clh1/clh2 mutant plants. By contrast, chlorophyll degradation is significantly delayed in an Arabidopsis thaliana mutant that lacks pheophytinase (PPH), catalyzing the breakdown of phytol and known to be associated with chlorophyll catabolism. These data indicate that PPH, not CLH1, is responsible for the majority of methyl jasmonate-enhanced chlorophyll breakdown, even though CLH1 is highly induced by methyl jasmonate | Arabidopsis thaliana |
| physiological function | chlorophyllase 1 (CLH1) is not involved in endogenous chlorophyll catabolism, but CLH1 promotes chlorophyllide formation upon disruption of leaf cells, or when it is artificially mistargeted to the chloroplast. CLH is responsible for chlorophyllide formation after the collapse of cells, suggesting that chlorophyllide formation might be a process of defense against chewing herbivores. Arabidopsis leaves with genetically enhanced CLH1 activity exhibit toxicity when fed to Spodoptera litura larvae, an insect herbivore. Purified chlorophyllide partially suppresses the growth of the larvae. Isozyme CLH1 represents the majority of detectable CLH activity in Arabidopsis thaliana | Arabidopsis thaliana |
| physiological function | CLH2 represents the minority of detectable CLH activity in Arabidopsis thaliana | Arabidopsis thaliana |
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