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Literature summary for 2.7.9.4 extracted from

  • Bowerman, A.F.; Newberry, M.; Dielen, A.S.; Whan, A.; Larroque, O.; Pritchard, J.; Gubler, F.; Howitt, C.A.; Pogson, B.J.; Morell, M.K.; Ral, J.P.
    Suppression of glucan, water dikinase in the endosperm alters wheat grain properties, germination and coleoptile growth (2016), Plant Biotechnol. J., 14, 398-408.
    View publication on PubMed
Search for more literature for 2.7.9.4

Protein Variants

Protein Variants Comment Organism
additional information production of transgenic Triticum aestivum lines using RNAi targeted to the endosperm only resulting in reduction in both GWD protein abundance and starch phosphate content Triticum aestivum

Metals/Ions

Metals/Ions Comment Organism Structure
Mg2+ required Triticum aestivum

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

Natural Substrates Organism Comment (Nat. Sub.) Natural Products Comment (Nat. Pro.) Rev. Reac.
ATP + alpha-glucan + H2O Triticum aestivum GWD phosphorylates the hydroxyl group at carbon atoms 6 and 3 AMP + phospho-alpha-glucan + phosphate
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 ?

Organism

Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
Triticum aestivum
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-
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Source Tissue

Source Tissue Comment Organism Textmining

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
ATP + alpha-glucan + H2O GWD phosphorylates the hydroxyl group at carbon atoms 6 and 3 Triticum aestivum AMP + phospho-alpha-glucan + phosphate
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 ?

Synonyms

Synonyms Comment Organism
glucan, water dikinase
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 Triticum aestivum
GWD
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 Triticum aestivum

Cofactor

Cofactor Comment Organism Structure
ATP
-
 Triticum aestivum

General Information

General Information Comment Organism
malfunction downregulation of the enzyme causes phenotypic alteration in grain and growth. Coleoptile length is increased in these transgenic lines independently of grain size increases. The GWD-depleted wheat lines exhibit unexpected increases in grain size, early vigour and plant biomass. No changes in starch degradation rates during germination are identified, or any major alteration in soluble sugar levels that may explain the coleoptile growth modification. There is no evidence that the increased growth of coleoptiles in these lines is connected to starch conformation or degradation or soluble sugar content. Phenotype, overview Triticum aestivum
metabolism Glucan, water dikinase (GWD; EC 2.7.9.4) and its sister enzyme phosphoglucan, water dikinase (PWD; EC 2.7.9.5), are responsible for the phosphorylation of starch during synthesis. These dikinases phosphorylate C6 and C3 residues of alpha-D-glucan chains, respectively, with PWD activity dependent on that of GWD Triticum aestivum
physiological function glucan, water dikinase is the primary enzyme responsible for addition of phosphate groups to starch, in a grain-specific manner Triticum aestivum