Literature summary for 2.4.1.82 extracted from

Han, Q.; Qi, J.; Hao, G.; Zhang, C.; Wang, C.; Dirk, L.M.A.; Downie, A.B.; Zhao, T.
ZmDREB1A regulates raffinose synthase controlling raffinose accumulation and plant chilling stress tolerance in maize (2020), Plant Cell Physiol., 6, 331-341 .

Search for more literature for 2.4.1.82

Cloned(Commentary)

Cloned (Comment)	Organism
zmrafs, recombinant overexpression of GFP-tagged enzyme in maize protoplasts with or without transcription factor ZmDREB1A, chromatin immunoprecipitation-quantitative PCR enzyme expression analysis and real-time RT-PCR analysis	Zea mays

Protein Variants

Protein Variants	Comment	Organism
additional information	generation of two independent maize (Zea mays) zmrafs mutant lines, in which raffinose is completely abolished, the mutants are more sensitive to chilling stress and their net photosynthetic product (total soluble sugars and starch) accumulation is significantly decreased compared with controls after chilling stress. Construction of a mutant of the maize dehydration responsive element (DRE)-binding protein 1A (zmdreb1a), showing significantly decreased ZmRAFS expression and raffinose content compared with the control under chilling stress. Overexpression of maize ZmDREB1A in maize leaf protoplasts increases ZmDREB1A amounts, which consequently upregulate the expression of maize ZmRAFS and the Renilla luciferase (Rluc), that is controlled by the ZmRAFS promoter. Deletion of the single dehydration-responsive element (DRE) in the ZmRAFS promoter abolishes ZmDREB1A's influence on Rluc expression, while addition of three copies of the DRE in the ZmRAFS promoter dramatically increases Rluc expression when ZmDREB1A is simultaneously overexpressed	Zea mays

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

Natural Substrates	Organism	Comment (Nat. Sub.)	Natural Products	Comment (Nat. Pro.)	Rev.	Reac.
alpha-D-galactosyl-(1->3)-1D-myo-inositol + sucrose	Zea mays	-	myo-inositol + raffinose	-	?
alpha-D-galactosyl-(1->3)-1D-myo-inositol + sucrose	Zea mays B73	-	myo-inositol + raffinose	-	?

Organism

Organism	UniProt	Comment	Textmining
Zea mays	Q575Z8	-	-
Zea mays B73	Q575Z8	-	-

Source Tissue

Source Tissue	Comment	Organism	Textmining
leaf	-	Zea mays	-
seedling	-	Zea mays	-

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

Substrates	Comment Substrates	Organism	Products	Comment (Products)	Rev.	Reac.
alpha-D-galactosyl-(1->3)-1D-myo-inositol + sucrose	-	Zea mays	myo-inositol + raffinose	-	?
alpha-D-galactosyl-(1->3)-1D-myo-inositol + sucrose	-	Zea mays B73	myo-inositol + raffinose	-	?

Synonyms

Synonyms	Comment	Organism
alkaline alpha galactosidase 1	UniProt	Zea mays
raffinose synthase	-	Zea mays
RafS	-	Zea mays
ZmRAFS	-	Zea mays

Expression

Organism	Comment	Expression
Zea mays	overexpression of maize ZmDREB1A in maize leaf protoplasts increases ZmDREB1A amounts, which consequently upregulate the expression of maize ZmRAFS and the Renilla luciferase (Rluc), that is controlled by the ZmRAFS promoter. Addition of three copies of the DRE in the ZmRAFS promoter dramatically increases Rluc expression when ZmDREB1A is simultaneously overexpressed. ZmDREB1A directly binds to the DRE motif in the promoter of ZmRAFS both in vitro and in vivo	up

General Information

General Information	Comment	Organism
malfunction	two independent maize (Zea mays) zmrafs mutant lines, in which raffinose is completely abolished, are more sensitive to chilling stress and their net photosynthetic product (total soluble sugars and starch) accumulation is significantly decreased compared with controls after chilling stress. In a mutant of the maize dehydration responsive element (DRE)-binding protein 1A (zmdreb1a), ZmRAFS expression and raffinose content are significantly decreased compared with the control under chilling stress. Overexpression of maize ZmDREB1A in maize leaf protoplasts increases ZmDREB1A amounts, which consequently upregulate the expression of maize ZmRAFS and the Renilla luciferase (Rluc), that is controlled by the ZmRAFS promoter. Deletion of the single dehydration-responsive element (DRE) in the ZmRAFS promoter abolishes ZmDREB1A's influence on Rluc expression, while addition of three copies of the DRE in the ZmRAFS promoter dramatically increases Rluc expression when ZmDREB1A is simultaneously overexpressed. Mutant phenotypes, overview	Zea mays
metabolism	raffinose synthase (RAFS) is the key enzyme for raffinose biosynthesis	Zea mays

Use of this online version of BRENDA is free under the CC BY 4.0 license. See terms of use for full details.

Release 2023.1 (January 2023)