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Literature summary for 2.4.1.16 extracted from

  • Orlean, P.
    Two chitin synthases in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (1987), J. Biol. Chem., 262, 5732-5739.
    View publication on PubMed

Activating Compound

Activating Compound Comment Organism Structure
Digitonin chitin synthase 2 is maximally stimulated at the sharply defined digitonin to protein ratio of 0.042. Chitin synthase I is maximally active at a digitonin to protein ratio of 0.3-0.75 Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Inhibitors

Inhibitors Comment Organism Structure
Co2+ strongly inhibits chitin synthase 1 Saccharomyces cerevisiae
EDTA inhibition of chitin synthase 1 and 2 Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Mn2+ 2.5 mM, 50% inhibition of chitin synthase 1 and 2 Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Polyoxin D competitive Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Zn2+ 2.5 mM, complete inhibition of both chitin synthase 1 and 2 Saccharomyces cerevisiae

KM Value [mM]

KM Value [mM] KM Value Maximum [mM] Substrate Comment Organism Structure
0.5
-
UDP-GlcNAc chitin synthase 1 Saccharomyces cerevisiae
0.6 0.8 UDP-GlcNAc chitin synthase 2 Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Metals/Ions

Metals/Ions Comment Organism Structure
Mg2+ the best divalent cation stimulator of chitin synthase 1 and 2 Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

Natural Substrates Organism Comment (Nat. Sub.) Natural Products Comment (Nat. Pro.) Rev. Reac.
UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n Saccharomyces cerevisiae chitin synthetase 2 is responsible for chitin synthesis in vivo, chitin synthase 1 is not essential UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
-
?

Organism

Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
-
chitin synthetase 1 and 2
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Posttranslational Modification

Posttranslational Modification Comment Organism
proteolytic modification chitin synthetase I exists as zymogen and is only measurable after trypsin treatment Saccharomyces cerevisiae
proteolytic modification chitin synthetase 2 is not activated by proteolysis Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Source Tissue

Source Tissue Comment Organism Textmining
additional information chitin synthase II shows highest specific activities in extracts from logarithmically growing cultures. Chitin synthetase I, whether from growing cultures or stationary phase cultures, is only measurable after trypsin treatment, and levels of zymogen do not change Saccharomyces cerevisiae
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Substrates and Products (Substrate)

Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n
-
Saccharomyces cerevisiae UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
-
?
UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n chitin synthetase 2 is responsible for chitin synthesis in vivo, chitin synthase 1 is not essential Saccharomyces cerevisiae UDP + [1,4-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)]n+1
-
?

Temperature Optimum [°C]

Temperature Optimum [°C] Temperature Optimum Maximum [°C] Comment Organism
25
-
chitin synthase 1 Saccharomyces cerevisiae
40
-
chitin synthase 2 Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Temperature Range [°C]

Temperature Minimum [°C] Temperature Maximum [°C] Comment Organism
20 40 20°C: about 80% of maximal activity, 40°C: about 55% of maximal activity Saccharomyces cerevisiae
25 50 25°C: about 60% of maximal activity, 50°C: about 90% of maximal activity, chitin synthase 1 Saccharomyces cerevisiae

pH Optimum

pH Optimum Minimum pH Optimum Maximum Comment Organism
7
-
chitin synthase 1 Saccharomyces cerevisiae
8
-
chitin synthase 2 Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Ki Value [mM]

Ki Value [mM] Ki Value maximum [mM] Inhibitor Comment Organism Structure
0.001
-
Polyoxin D
-
Saccharomyces cerevisiae