Localization | Comment | Organism | GeneOntology No. | Textmining |
---|---|---|---|---|
plasma membrane | cellular GGT is an ectoenzyme present on the outer aspect of plasma membrane, with active site externally oriented. The expression of the cellular GGT is often increased in tumor cells and during tumor progression. Release of the cellular enzyme in different molecular forms, depending on extracellular conditions | Homo sapiens | 5886 | - |
soluble | serum GGT is a solubkle enzyme, it forms complexes with distinct lipoprotein fractions | Homo sapiens | - |
- |
Natural Substrates | Organism | Comment (Nat. Sub.) | Natural Products | Comment (Nat. Pro.) | Rev. | Reac. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
additional information | Homo sapiens | intracellular effects of the soluble enzyme: supply of precursor amino acids for GSH resynthesis, modulation of protein S-thiolation status (S-glutathionylation, S-cysteyl-glycylation), redox effects on propliferative/apoptotic balance. Extracellular effects: consumption of GSH and generation of cysteinyl-glycine, reduction of metal cations (e.g. iron, including transferrin- and ferritin-bound iron) and stimulation of metal redox-cycling, thiol oxidation and modulation of S-thiolation status of extracellular proteins, promotion of oxidative processes (e.g. lipid peroxidation), catabolism of S-nitroso-glutathione, metabolism of leukotriene C4 to leukotriene D4 | ? | - |
? |
Organism | UniProt | Comment | Textmining |
---|---|---|---|
Homo sapiens | - |
- |
- |
Source Tissue | Comment | Organism | Textmining |
---|---|---|---|
blood platelet | enzyme release upon aggregation | Homo sapiens | - |
kidney | - |
Homo sapiens | - |
liver | icreased levels of gamma-glutamyltransferase during hepato-biliary dysfunction | Homo sapiens | - |
additional information | accumulation of catalytically active enzyme in atherosclerotic lesion | Homo sapiens | - |
phagocyte | the enzyme is present in granules and released upon cell activation | Homo sapiens | - |
Substrates | Comment Substrates | Organism | Products | Comment (Products) | Rev. | Reac. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
additional information | intracellular effects of the soluble enzyme: supply of precursor amino acids for GSH resynthesis, modulation of protein S-thiolation status (S-glutathionylation, S-cysteyl-glycylation), redox effects on propliferative/apoptotic balance. Extracellular effects: consumption of GSH and generation of cysteinyl-glycine, reduction of metal cations (e.g. iron, including transferrin- and ferritin-bound iron) and stimulation of metal redox-cycling, thiol oxidation and modulation of S-thiolation status of extracellular proteins, promotion of oxidative processes (e.g. lipid peroxidation), catabolism of S-nitroso-glutathione, metabolism of leukotriene C4 to leukotriene D4 | Homo sapiens | ? | - |
? |