Literature summary for 2.3.2.15 extracted from

Das, N.; Bhattacharya, S.; Bhattacharyya, S.; Maiti, M.K.
Identification of alternatively spliced transcripts of rice phytochelatin synthase 2 gene OsPCS2 involved in mitigation of cadmium and arsenic stresses (2017), Plant Mol. Biol., 94, 167-183 .

Cloned(Commentary)

Cloned (Comment)	Organism
gene PCS2, DNA and amino acid sequence determination and analysis, chromosome 6, genomic organization of OsPCS1 constitutes 5 exons separated by 4 introns, whereas that of OsPCS2 indicates the presence of 6 exons interrupted by 5 introns. Quantitative RT-PCR expression analysis. Among the two PCS genes, OsPCS1 and OsPCS2 in indica rice cultivar, the OsPCS2 produces an alternatively spliced OsPCS2b transcript that bears the unusual premature termination codon besides the canonically spliced OsPCS2a transcript. Root- and shoot-specific differential ratios of alternatively spliced OsPCS2a and OsPCS2b transcript expressions are observed under cadmium stress, recombinant expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells transformed with OsPCS2a exhibits increased cadmium and arsenic tolerance and accumulation, unlike the OsPCS2b transformed yeast cells	Oryza sativa Indica Group

Cloned (Comment)

Organism

gene PCS2, DNA and amino acid sequence determination and analysis, chromosome 6, genomic organization of OsPCS1 constitutes 5 exons separated by 4 introns, whereas that of OsPCS2 indicates the presence of 6 exons interrupted by 5 introns. Quantitative RT-PCR expression analysis. Among the two PCS genes, OsPCS1 and OsPCS2 in indica rice cultivar, the OsPCS2 produces an alternatively spliced OsPCS2b transcript that bears the unusual premature termination codon besides the canonically spliced OsPCS2a transcript. Root- and shoot-specific differential ratios of alternatively spliced OsPCS2a and OsPCS2b transcript expressions are observed under cadmium stress, recombinant expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells transformed with OsPCS2a exhibits increased cadmium and arsenic tolerance and accumulation, unlike the OsPCS2b transformed yeast cells

Oryza sativa Indica Group

Protein Variants

Protein Variants	Comment	Organism
additional information	analysis of the transgenic rice lines grown under metal(loid) stress revealed almost complete absence of both OsPCS1 and OsPCS2 transcripts in the developing seeds couples with the significant reduction in the content of Cd (about 51%) and As (about 35%) in grains compared with the non-transgenic plant. Taken together, the findings indicate towards a crucial role played by the tissue-specific alternative splicing and relative abundance of the OsPCS2 gene during heavy metal(loid) stress mitigation in rice plant	Oryza sativa Indica Group

Organism

Organism	UniProt	Comment	Textmining
Oryza sativa Indica Group	A0A1B2LVE0	-	-
Oryza sativa Indica Group	Q8GZR3	-	-
Oryza sativa Indica Group IR64	A0A1B2LVE0	-	-
Oryza sativa Indica Group IR64	Q8GZR3	-	-

Source Tissue

Source Tissue	Comment	Organism	Textmining
additional information	root- and shoot-specific differential ratios of alternatively spliced OsPCS2a and OsPCS2b transcript expressions are observed under cadmium stress. OsPCS1 is synthesized in roots, shoots and developing seeds	Oryza sativa Indica Group	-
additional information	root- and shoot-specific differential ratios of alternatively spliced OsPCS2a and OsPCS2b transcript expressions are observed under cadmium stress. OsPCS2a and OsPCS2b are synthesized in roots, shoots and developing seeds, albeit at different level	Oryza sativa Indica Group	-
root	-	Oryza sativa Indica Group	-
seed	-	Oryza sativa Indica Group	-
shoot	-	Oryza sativa Indica Group	-

Synonyms

Synonyms	Comment	Organism
OsPCS1	-	Oryza sativa Indica Group
OsPCS2	-	Oryza sativa Indica Group
phytochelatin synthase 1	-	Oryza sativa Indica Group
phytochelatin synthase 2	-	Oryza sativa Indica Group

Expression

Organism	Comment	Expression
Oryza sativa Indica Group	in the developing rice seeds, the Cd exposure significantly upregulates the transcript levels of OsPCS1 (2.5fold). Analysis of the qRT-PCR revealed that the transcript levels of both OsPCS1 and OsPCS2a decreased drastically even after exposure to Cd stress	up
Oryza sativa Indica Group	the two transcript isoforms (OsPCS2a and OsPCS2b) of OsPCS2 gene demonstrate contrasting expression pattern upon Cd stress. The OsPCS2a mRNA level remains almost unaltered in case of the root tissues, but profoundly increased (2.5-15.6folds) between 3 and 72 h in shoot tissues. On the other hand, the amount of OsPCS2b transcript is significantly enhanced with maximum expression maintained between 12 and 72 h in roots, but is significantly downregulated in shoots until 72 h, when its expression rapidly increased to about 4.5fold upon Cd treatment. In the developing rice seeds, the Cd exposure significantly upregulates the transcript levels of OsPCS2a (about 6fold), whereas the mRNA level of OsPCS2b is reduced by about 25%. Analysis of the qRT-PCR revealed that the transcript levels of both OsPCS1 and OsPCS2a decreased drastically even after exposure to Cd stress	up

General Information

General Information	Comment	Organism
evolution	the two CDSs of OsPCS1 and OsPCS2 show 72% sequence identity at the nucleotide level, whereas the two proteins share overall 62.1% amino acid sequence identity. Moreover, both the intron sizes and nucleotide sequences are found to be highly differing between OsPCS1 and OsPCS2. Alignment of the deduced OsPCS1 and OsPCS2 polypeptides indicate the presence of N-terminal Phytochelatin (pfam05023) domain with high sequence identity (80.7%) including the conserved catalytic triad of Cys (C), His (H) and Asp (D). On the other hand, the C-terminal Phytochelatin_C (pfam09328) domain show moderate identity (57.68%) between these two polypeptides	Oryza sativa Indica Group
malfunction	RNAi-mediated grain-specific silencing of OsPCS decreases cadmium accumulation in rice grain	Oryza sativa Indica Group
physiological function	the OsPCS2 exhibits root- and shoot-specific differential ratios of alternatively spliced transcripts in Oryza sativa subsp. indica rice under Cd stress, and plays role in Cd and As stress tolerance and accumulation	Oryza sativa Indica Group