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Literature summary for 2.3.2.13 extracted from
- Molecular and catalytic properties of transglutaminases (1973), Adv. Enzymol. Relat. Areas Mol. Biol., 38, 109-191.
Activating Compound
| Activating Compound | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|
| papain | limited proteolysis of plasma factor XIII | Homo sapiens | |
| reptilase | limited proteolysis of plasma factor XIII | Homo sapiens | |
| thrombin | - |
Homo sapiens | |
| thrombin | activation, of proenzyme | Cavia porcellus | |
| Trypsin | - |
Homo sapiens |
Inhibitors
| Inhibitors | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|
| 5,5'-dithiobis(2-nitrobenzoic acid) | reversed by dithiothreitol | Cavia porcellus |  |
| Cu2+ | KCN or dithiothreitol restore activity; mechanism | Cavia porcellus | |
| Cu2+ | - |
Homo sapiens | |
| EDTA | - |
Cavia porcellus | |
| EDTA | - |
Homo sapiens | |
| Fe2+ | - |
Cavia porcellus | |
| Hg2+ | - |
Cavia porcellus | |
| iodoacetamide | 0.1 mM, pH 6.8, in the presence of Ca2+, complete inhibition, irreversible, incorporation of 1 mol carbamidomethyl/mol enzyme, substrate protects; mechanism | Cavia porcellus | |
| iodoacetamide | - |
Homo sapiens | |
| tetrathionate | inactivation, not reversible by dithiothreitol | Cavia porcellus | |
| Zn2+ | - |
Cavia porcellus | |
KM Value [mM]
| KM Value [mM] | KM Value Maximum [mM] | Substrate | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| additional information | - |
additional information | - |
Homo sapiens | |
| additional information | - |
additional information | kinetic mechanism | Cavia porcellus | |
| 7 | - |
benzyloxycarbonyl-L-glutaminylglycine | - |
Cavia porcellus | |
Localization
| Localization | Comment | Organism | GeneOntology No. | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| soluble | - |
Cavia porcellus | - |
- |
| soluble | - |
Homo sapiens | - |
- |
Metals/Ions
| Metals/Ions | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ba2+ | activation, can replace Ca2+ to a lesser extent | Cavia porcellus | |
| Ca2+ | requirement | Cavia porcellus | |
| Ca2+ | requirement | Homo sapiens | |
| Ca2+ | 1 mM | Cavia porcellus | |
| Ca2+ | 1 mM | Homo sapiens | |
| Ca2+ | mechanism | Cavia porcellus | |
| Mg2+ | slight activation | Cavia porcellus | |
| Mg2+ | slight activation | Homo sapiens | |
| Mn2+ | - |
Cavia porcellus | |
| Mn2+ | - |
Homo sapiens | |
| Sr2+ | - |
Cavia porcellus | |
Molecular Weight [Da]
| Molecular Weight [Da] | Molecular Weight Maximum [Da] | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 27000 | - |
2 * 27000, hair follicle transglutaminase, SDS-PAGE | Cavia porcellus |
| 54000 | - |
hair follicle transglutaminase, gel filtration | Cavia porcellus |
| 55000 | - |
- |
Homo sapiens |
| 55000 | - |
hair follicle transglutaminase, native PAGE | Cavia porcellus |
| 76900 | - |
sedimentation and diffusion | Cavia porcellus |
| 85000 | - |
1 * 85000, SDS-PAGE | Cavia porcellus |
| 86000 | 94000 | sedimentation equilibrium | Cavia porcellus |
| 280000 | 330000 | plasma factor XIII, gel filtration and sedimentation equilibrium | Homo sapiens |
Organism
| Organism | UniProt | Comment | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cavia porcellus | - |
- |
- |
| Homo sapiens | - |
zymogen factor XIII i.e. proenzyme of XIIIa | - |
| Homo sapiens | - |
coagulation factor XIIIa | - |
Posttranslational Modification
| Posttranslational Modification | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| additional information | no glycoprotein | Cavia porcellus |
| additional information | no glycoprotein | Homo sapiens |
Purification (Commentary)
| Purification (Comment) | Organism |
|---|---|
- |
Cavia porcellus |
- |
Homo sapiens |
Reaction
| Reaction | Comment | Organism | Reaction ID |
|---|---|---|---|
| protein glutamine + alkylamine = protein N5-alkylglutamine + NH3 | structure, function, evolution | Cavia porcellus | |
| protein glutamine + alkylamine = protein N5-alkylglutamine + NH3 | structure, function, evolution | Homo sapiens |
Source Tissue
| Source Tissue | Comment | Organism | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|
| blood plasma | - |
Homo sapiens | - |
| blood platelet | - |
Homo sapiens | - |
| hair follicle | not related to liver enzyme | Cavia porcellus | - |
| liver | - |
Cavia porcellus | - |
| liver | - |
Homo sapiens | - |
| placenta | - |
Homo sapiens | - |
| uterus | - |
Homo sapiens | - |
Substrates and Products (Substrate)
| Substrates | Comment Substrates | Organism | Products | Comment (Products) | Rev. | Reac. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| benzyloxycarbonyl-L-glutaminglycine + glycine ethyl ester | - |
Cavia porcellus | benzyloxycarbonyl-alpha-L-glutamyl(gamma-glycine ethyl ester)glycine + NH3 | - |
r | |
| p-nitrophenyl acetate + alanine ethylester | - |
Cavia porcellus | N-acetylalanine ethylester + p-nitrophenol | - |
? | |
| protein-bound gamma-glutamine + alkylamine | acyl-transfer reaction | Cavia porcellus | protein N5-alkylglutamine + NH3 | - |
? | |
| protein-bound gamma-glutamine + alkylamine | acyl-transfer reaction | Homo sapiens | protein N5-alkylglutamine + NH3 | - |
? | |
| protein-bound gamma-glutamine + alkylamine | liver transglutaminase, amine donors: putrescine, phenylethylamine, glycinamide, histamine, methylamine, ethanolamine, amonia | Cavia porcellus | protein N5-alkylglutamine + NH3 | - |
? | |
| protein-bound gamma-glutamine + alkylamine | no activity with benzyloxycarbonyl-L-glutaminylglycine, benzyloxycarbonyl-alpha-L-glutamyl(gamma-p-nitrophenyl ester) glycine, guinea pig hair follicle enzyme | Cavia porcellus | protein N5-alkylglutamine + NH3 | - |
? | |
| protein-bound gamma-glutamine + alkylamine | donors: gamma-carboxamide groups of protein-bound glutamine, acceptors: epsilon-amino groups of protein-bound lysine | Cavia porcellus | protein N5-alkylglutamine + NH3 | - |
? | |
| protein-bound gamma-glutamine + alkylamine | donors: gamma-carboxamide groups of protein-bound glutamine, acceptors: epsilon-amino groups of protein-bound lysine | Homo sapiens | protein N5-alkylglutamine + NH3 | - |
? | |
| protein-bound gamma-glutamine + alkylamine | broad specificity towards amine acceptor | Cavia porcellus | protein N5-alkylglutamine + NH3 | - |
? | |
| protein-bound gamma-glutamine + alkylamine | broad specificity towards amine acceptor | Homo sapiens | protein N5-alkylglutamine + NH3 | - |
? | |
| protein-bound gamma-glutamine + alkylamine | no amine donors are tyrosinamide, glycine, Gly-Leu, gamma-aminobutyric acid | Cavia porcellus | protein N5-alkylglutamine + NH3 | - |
? | |
| protein-bound gamma-glutamine + alkylamine | no amine donors are tyrosinamide, glycine, Gly-Leu, gamma-aminobutyric acid | Homo sapiens | protein N5-alkylglutamine + NH3 | - |
? | |
| protein-bound gamma-glutamine + alkylamine | substrates are fibrinogen, beta-lactoglobulin, casein, insulin | Cavia porcellus | protein N5-alkylglutamine + NH3 | - |
? | |
| protein-bound gamma-glutamine + alkylamine | substrates are fibrinogen, beta-lactoglobulin, casein, insulin | Homo sapiens | protein N5-alkylglutamine + NH3 | - |
? | |
Subunits
| Subunits | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| dimer | 2 * 27000, hair follicle transglutaminase, SDS-PAGE | Cavia porcellus |
| monomer | - |
Homo sapiens |
| monomer | 1 * 85000, SDS-PAGE | Cavia porcellus |
| monomer | 1 * 80000-90000, gel filtration in 6 M guanidine | Cavia porcellus |
pH Optimum
| pH Optimum Minimum | pH Optimum Maximum | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| additional information | - |
- |
Homo sapiens |
| additional information | - |
optima depend on amine donor substrate | Cavia porcellus |
| 6 | - |
approx. value, hydrolysis reaction | Cavia porcellus |
| 6 | - |
approx. value, hydrolysis reaction | Homo sapiens |
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