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Literature summary for 2.3.1.43 extracted from
- A fluorescence method to detect and quantitate sterol esterification by lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (2013), Anal. Biochem., 441, 80-86.
Activating Compound
| Activating Compound | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|
| apolipoprotein A-I | - |
Homo sapiens | |
| LCAT activating peptide LAP642 | an amphiphilic peptide in place of apolipoprotein A-I is used as the lipid emulsifier and enzyme LCAT activator. The peptide forms stable complexes with phosphatidylcholine and sterol that react suitably well with enzyme LCAT, Km is 0.006 mM | Homo sapiens |
Cloned(Commentary)
| Cloned (Comment) | Organism |
|---|---|
| gene lcat, stable recombinant expression in HEK-293Fcells | Homo sapiens |
Inhibitors
| Inhibitors | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|
| additional information | persons with normal LCAT alleles are also reported to experience reductions in LCAT activity in conjunction with certain diseases including coronary artery disease, diabetes, kidney disease, rheumatoid arthritis, and anemia | Homo sapiens |
KM Value [mM]
| KM Value [mM] | KM Value Maximum [mM] | Substrate | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| additional information | - |
additional information | Michaelis-Menten kinetics | Homo sapiens | |
| 0.003 | - |
dehydroergosterol | recombinant enzyme, pH 7.4, 37°C | Homo sapiens |  |
| 0.027 | - |
1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine | recombinant enzyme, pH 7.4, 37°C | Homo sapiens | |
Localization
| Localization | Comment | Organism | GeneOntology No. | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| extracellular | the enzyme is secreted | Homo sapiens | - |
- |
Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)
| Natural Substrates | Organism | Comment (Nat. Sub.) | Natural Products | Comment (Nat. Pro.) | Rev. | Reac. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| phosphatidylcholine + a sterol | Homo sapiens | - |
1-acylglycerophosphocholine + a sterol ester | - |
? | |
Organism
| Organism | UniProt | Comment | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|
| Homo sapiens | P04180 | gene lcat | - |
Purification (Commentary)
| Purification (Comment) | Organism |
|---|---|
| recombinant enzyme from HEK-293Fcells | Homo sapiens |
Source Tissue
| Source Tissue | Comment | Organism | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|
| blood plasma | the enzyme circulates in plasma, predominantly in association with high-density lipoproteins | Homo sapiens | - |
Specific Activity [micromol/min/mg]
| Specific Activity Minimum [µmol/min/mg] | Specific Activity Maximum [µmol/min/mg] | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0.217 | - |
purified recombinant enzyme, pH 7.4, 37°C, substrates are 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine and dehydroergosterol | Homo sapiens |
| 0.867 | - |
purified recombinant enzyme, pH 7.4, 37°C, substrates are 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine and cholesterol | Homo sapiens |
Storage Stability
| Storage Stability | Organism |
|---|---|
| -80°C, purified recombinant enzyme, 1-2 mg/ml protein in phosphate buffer with 10% glycerol, the enzyme retains full activity for at least 6 months and is stable to repeated freeze-thaw cycles | Homo sapiens |
Substrates and Products (Substrate)
| Substrates | Comment Substrates | Organism | Products | Comment (Products) | Rev. | Reac. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + dehydroergosterol | dehydroergosterol is a naturally occurring fluorescent sterol, that is esterified by enzyme LCAT, although at a slower rate than esterification of cholesterol, assay method development, overview | Homo sapiens | 1-palmitoyl-glycerophosphocholine + dehydroergosterol 3-O-oleoyl ester | - |
? | |
| additional information | development and evaluation of a simple but sensitive fluorescence assay method to accurately detect the esterification activity of lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase, with the potential of the activity assay to be used as a screening test and clinical study tool. An amphiphilic peptide in place of apolipoprotein A-I is used as the lipid emulsifier and enzyme LCAT activator | Homo sapiens | ? | - |
? | |
| phosphatidylcholine + a sterol | - |
Homo sapiens | 1-acylglycerophosphocholine + a sterol ester | - |
? | |
Synonyms
| Synonyms | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| LCAT | - |
Homo sapiens |
| lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase | - |
Homo sapiens |
Temperature Optimum [°C]
| Temperature Optimum [°C] | Temperature Optimum Maximum [°C] | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 37 | - |
assay at | Homo sapiens |
pH Optimum
| pH Optimum Minimum | pH Optimum Maximum | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 7.4 | - |
assay at | Homo sapiens |
Expression
| Organism | Comment | Expression |
|---|---|---|
| Homo sapiens | persons with normal LCAT alleles are also reported to experience reductions in LCAT activity in conjunction with certain diseases including coronary artery disease, diabetes, kidney disease, rheumatoid arthritis, and anemia | additional information |
General Information
| General Information | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| malfunction | reduced enzyme activity occurs in the sickle cell disease. Deleterious mutations in both alleles of the LCAT gene result in fish eye disease when partial LCAT activity remains and familial LCAT deficiency when LCAT activity is essentially absent. Persons with fish eye disease have low levels of HDL cholesterol and develop lipid-rich, corneal opacities. Those with familial LCAT deficiency are hypocholesterolemic with very low HDL cholesterol levels, exhibit corneal opacities and, in addition, develop anemia and kidney disease typified by fatty deposits in the glomeruli. Persons with normal LCAT alleles are also reported to experience reductions in LCAT activity in conjunction with certain diseases including coronary artery disease, diabetes, kidney disease, rheumatoid arthritis, and anemia | Homo sapiens |
| metabolism | the enzyme circulates in plasma, predominantly in association with high-density lipoproteins (HDL) where its principal mechanism of action is the transacylation of a fatty acid from phosphatidylcholine within HDL to cholesterol within the same HDL to form cholesteryl ester. The cholesteryl ester product accumulates in the HDL interior until it is cleared by hepatic lipoprotein receptors, either directly through selective cholesteryl ester uptake from HDL particles captured by HDL-specific receptors or by an indirect route comprised of cholesteryl ester transfer to the apolipoprotein B lipoproteins via cholesteryl ester transfer protein followed by clearance of the recipient lipoproteins through the hepatic apolipoprotein B/E-receptors. Intracellular lipases subsequently de-esterify the cholesteryl ester to liberate cholesterol for further processing | Homo sapiens |
| physiological function | plasma enzyme lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase is essential for the efficient transit of cholesterol through the plasma compartment. The enzyme facilitates the process of reverse-cholesterol transport by potentiating the migration of excess cholesterol from tissues throughout the body towards the liver hepatocytes. The hepatocytes guideexcess cholesterol and cholesterol-derived bile acids to the bile ducts for elimination | Homo sapiens |
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