Literature summary for 2.1.1.5 extracted from

Ji, C.; Shinohara, M.; Kuhlenkamp, J.; Chan, C.; Kaplowitz, N.
Mechanisms of protection by the betaine-homocysteine methyltransferase/betaine system in HepG2 cells and primary mouse hepatocytes (2007), Hepatology, 46, 1586-1596.

Search for more literature for 2.1.1.5

Application

Application	Comment	Organism
molecular biology	the BHMT/betaine system directly protects hepatocytes from homocysteine-induced injury but not tunicamycin-induced injury, including an endoplasmic reticulum stress response, lipid accumulation, and cell death	Homo sapiens

Cloned(Commentary)

Cloned (Comment)	Organism
transiently expressed in HepG2-cells and primary mouse hepatocytes	Homo sapiens

Protein Variants

Protein Variants	Comment	Organism
additional information	both BHMT transfectants of HepG2 cells and primary mouse hepatocytes with suppressed BHMT are generated. Expression of BHMT in HepG2 cells ameliorates the homocysteine metabolism and inhibits homocysteine-induced glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) and C/EBP-homologous protein (CHOP) and homocysteine-induced cell death. A betaine treatment protects primary mouse hepatocytes from a homocysteine-induced increase in GRP78 and cell death. Homocysteine induces greater CHOP expression (2.7fold) in BHMT small interfering RNA -transfected cells than in a control (1.9fold). Homocysteine-induced cell death is increased by 40% in the siRNA-treated cells in comparison with the control. Apolipoprotein B (apoB) expression is higher and triglycerides and cholesterol is lower in HepG2 expressing BHMT. In primary mouse hepatocytes, homocysteine induces the accumulation of triglycerides and cholesterol, which is reduced in the presence of betaine	Homo sapiens

Organism

Organism	UniProt	Comment	Textmining
Homo sapiens	Q93088	-	-

Source Tissue

Source Tissue	Comment	Organism	Textmining
Hep-G2 cell	-	Homo sapiens	-
hepatocyte	-	Homo sapiens	-

Synonyms

Synonyms	Comment	Organism
betaine-homocysteine S-methyltransferase	-	Homo sapiens
BHMT	-	Homo sapiens

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Release 2023.1 (January 2023)