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Literature summary for 1.8.1.9 extracted from
- Mitochondrial thioredoxin reductase in bovine adrenal cortex its purification, properties, nucleotide/amino acid sequences, and identification of selenocysteine (1999), Eur. J. Biochem., 264, 74-84.
Activating Compound
| Activating Compound | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|
| cysteine | C-terminal redox active selenocysteine motif | Bos taurus |  |
| EDTA | 4% activity remaining without | Bos taurus | |
Cloned(Commentary)
| Cloned (Comment) | Organism |
|---|---|
| amino acid and DNA sequence analysis | Bos taurus |
General Stability
| General Stability | Organism |
|---|---|
| 4% activity remaining without EDTA | Bos taurus |
Inhibitors
| Inhibitors | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene | i.e. DNCB; mitochondrial isoform | Bos taurus | |
| Ca2+ | - |
Bos taurus | |
| Ca2+ | - |
Escherichia coli | |
| Cu2+ | strong inhibition | Bos taurus | |
| Fe2+ | strong inhibition | Bos taurus | |
| Mg2+ | slightly | Bos taurus | |
| Mn2+ | strong inhibition | Bos taurus | |
| Zn2+ | strong inhibition | Bos taurus | |
KM Value [mM]
| KM Value [mM] | KM Value Maximum [mM] | Substrate | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.0028 | - |
thioredoxin | - |
Escherichia coli | |
| 0.0028 | - |
thioredoxin | - |
Bos taurus | |
| 0.006 | - |
thioredoxin | human thioredoxin | Bos taurus | |
| 0.07 | - |
thioredoxin | - |
Escherichia coli | |
| 0.07 | - |
thioredoxin | E. coli thioredoxin | Bos taurus | |
| 0.62 | - |
selenocysteine | - |
Bos taurus | |
Localization
| Localization | Comment | Organism | GeneOntology No. | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| cytosol | - |
Bos taurus | 5829 | - |
| mitochondrion | - |
Bos taurus | 5739 | - |
Metals/Ions
| Metals/Ions | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|
| selenocysteine | contains selenocysteine as part of the redox active selenosulfide in the active center | Bos taurus | |
| selenocysteine | encoded by TGA stop codon | Bos taurus | |
Molecular Weight [Da]
| Molecular Weight [Da] | Molecular Weight Maximum [Da] | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 56000 | - |
2 * 56000, SDS-PAGE | Bos taurus |
| 100000 | - |
gel filtration | Bos taurus |
Organism
| Organism | UniProt | Comment | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|
| Bos taurus | - |
cytosolic and mitochondrial isoforms | - |
| Escherichia coli | - |
- |
- |
Purification (Commentary)
| Purification (Comment) | Organism |
|---|---|
| mitochondrial isoform | Bos taurus |
Source Tissue
| Source Tissue | Comment | Organism | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|
| adrenal gland | cortex | Bos taurus | - |
Specific Activity [micromol/min/mg]
| Specific Activity Minimum [µmol/min/mg] | Specific Activity Maximum [µmol/min/mg] | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 13.9 | - |
mitochondrial isoform | Bos taurus |
| 22 | - |
purified enzyme, coupled assay with DTNB | Escherichia coli |
| 22 | - |
purified enzyme, coupled assay with DTNB | Bos taurus |
Substrates and Products (Substrate)
| Substrates | Comment Substrates | Organism | Products | Comment (Products) | Rev. | Reac. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 5,5'-dithiobis(2-nitrobenzoic acid) + NADPH | i.e. DTNB | Escherichia coli | 2-nitro-5-thiobenzoate + NADP+ | - |
? | |
| 5,5'-dithiobis(2-nitrobenzoic acid) + NADPH | i.e. DTNB | Bos taurus | 2-nitro-5-thiobenzoate + NADP+ | - |
? | |
| 5,5'-dithiobis(2-nitrobenzoic acid) + NADPH | coupled assay | Escherichia coli | 2-nitro-5-thiobenzoate + NADP+ | - |
? | |
| 5,5'-dithiobis(2-nitrobenzoic acid) + NADPH | coupled assay | Bos taurus | 2-nitro-5-thiobenzoate + NADP+ | - |
? | |
| dithiothreitol + NADPH | no activity | Bos taurus | ? | - |
? | |
| GSSG + NADPH | no activity | Bos taurus | GSH + NADP+ | - |
? | |
| oxidized lipoate + NADPH | no activity with DL-alpha-lipoate | Bos taurus | ? | - |
? | |
| selenocysteine + NADPH | - |
Bos taurus | selenocystine + NADP+ | - |
? | |
| thioredoxin + NADP+ | coupled assay with DTNB | Escherichia coli | thioredoxin disulfide + NADPH | - |
? | |
| thioredoxin + NADP+ | coupled assay with DTNB | Bos taurus | thioredoxin disulfide + NADPH | - |
? | |
| thioredoxin + NADP+ | - |
Escherichia coli | thioredoxin disulfide + NADPH + H+ | - |
? | |
| thioredoxin + NADP+ | no activity | Bos taurus | thioredoxin disulfide + NADPH + H+ | - |
? | |
Subunits
| Subunits | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| dimer | - |
Escherichia coli |
| dimer | 2 * 56000, SDS-PAGE | Bos taurus |
Synonyms
| Synonyms | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| More | 2 classes of thioredoxin reductases: high molecular weight or large proteins e.g. in mammalia, Plasmodium falsiparum and Caenorhabditis elegans, and low molecular weight proteins e.g. in bacteria | Bos taurus |
| TR | - |
Escherichia coli |
| TR | - |
Bos taurus |
Temperature Optimum [°C]
| Temperature Optimum [°C] | Temperature Optimum Maximum [°C] | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 37 | - |
assay at | Bos taurus |
Turnover Number [1/s]
| Turnover Number Minimum [1/s] | Turnover Number Maximum [1/s] | Substrate | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1030 | - |
thioredoxin | human thioredoxin | Bos taurus | |
| 1200 | - |
thioredoxin | - |
Bos taurus | |
| 1300 | - |
thioredoxin | thioredoxin from E. coli | Bos taurus | |
| 1600 | - |
selenocysteine | - |
Bos taurus | |
Cofactor
| Cofactor | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|
| NADPH | - |
Escherichia coli | |
| NADPH | - |
Bos taurus | |
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Release 2023.1 (January 2023)
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