Literature summary for 1.17.1.4 extracted from

Isoe, J.; Petchampai, N.; Isoe, Y.E.; Co, K.; Mazzalupo, S.; Scaraffia, P.Y.
Xanthine dehydrogenase-1 silencing in Aedes aegypti mosquitoes promotes a blood feeding-induced adulticidal activity (2017), FASEB J., 31, 2276-2286 .

Search for more literature for 1.17.1.4

Application

Application	Comment	Organism
molecular biology	isozyme XDH1 has the potential to be used as a metabolic target for controlling populations of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes, which are vectors of public health threats	Aedes aegypti

Cloned(Commentary)

Cloned (Comment)	Organism
gene XDH1, quantitative real-time PCR enzyme expression analysis	Aedes aegypti
gene XDH2, quantitative real-time PCR enzyme expression analysis	Aedes aegypti

Inhibitors

Inhibitors	Comment	Organism	Structure
allopurinol	-	Aedes aegypti

Organism

Organism	UniProt	Comment	Textmining
Aedes aegypti	A0A1S4F2J6	-	-
Aedes aegypti	A0A1S4G2F8	-	-

Source Tissue

Source Tissue	Comment	Organism	Textmining
fat body	-	Aedes aegypti	-
malpighian tubule	-	Aedes aegypti	-
midgut	-	Aedes aegypti	-
additional information	tissue expression profile of gene XDH1, differential isozymes XDH1 and XDH2 gene tissue expression, transcripts for XDH2 are much less abundant compared to XDH1 in most of the tissues, overview. XDH1 gene expression is immediately upregulated after a blood meal in the fat body, midgut, and thorax. In the midgut, XDH1 transcript levels increase 10fold. In malpighian tubules, the XDH1 mRNA levels increase after blood feeding, reaching a peak at 18 h PBM, while XDH1 transcript levels in the ovary are constitutively expressed during the first gonotrophic cycle, with a slight increase occurring between 24 and 48 h and a decrease thereafter	Aedes aegypti	-
additional information	tissue expression profile of gene XDH2, differential isozymes XDH1 and XDH2 gene tissue expression, for XDH2 ae much less abundant compared to XDH1 in most of the tissues, overview. In the midgut and malpighian tubules, XDH2 mRNA levels increase over time, with peaks at 36 and 18 h, respectively. XDH2 gene expression in the fat body has peaks at 6, 18, 48, and 72 h PBM, whereas the XDH2 transcript levels in the thorax are significantly upregulated at 12, 24, 36, and 48 h PBM. In the ovary, XDH2 gene expression does not change significantly during the first gonotrophic cycle	Aedes aegypti	-
ovary	-	Aedes aegypti	-
thorax	-	Aedes aegypti	-

Synonyms

Synonyms	Comment	Organism
xanthine dehydrogenase-1	-	Aedes aegypti
xanthine dehydrogenase-2	-	Aedes aegypti
XDH1	-	Aedes aegypti
XDH2	-	Aedes aegypti

Expression

Organism	Comment	Expression
Aedes aegypti	XDH1 gene expression is immediately upregulated after a blood meal in the fat body, midgut, and thorax. In the midgut, XDH1 transcript levels increase 10fold. In malpighian tubules, the XDH1 mRNA levels increase after blood feeding, reaching a peak at 18 h PBM, while XDH1 transcript levels in the ovary are constitutively expressed during the first gonotrophic cycle, with a slight increase occurring between 24 and 48 h and a decrease thereafter	up

General Information

General Information	Comment	Organism
malfunction	disruption of XDH by allopurinol or XDH1 by RNA interference significantly affect mosquito survival, causing a disruption in blood digestion, excretion, oviposition, and reproduction. XDH1-deficient mosquitoes show a persistence of serine proteases in the midgut at 48 h after blood feeding and a reduction in the uptake of vitellogenin by the ovaries. Analysis of the fat body from dsRNA-XDH1-injected mosquitoes fall into 2 groups: one group is characterized by a reduction of the XDH1 transcript, whereas the other group is characterized by an upregulation of several transcripts, including XDH1, glutamine synthetase, alanine aminotransferase, catalase, superoxide dismutase, ornithine decarboxylase, glutamate receptor, and ammonia transporter. Depletion of XDH1 activity is lethal to bloodfed mosquitoes. Silencing of XDH1 reduces protein expression and delays synthesis and excretion of nitrogen waste, XDH1 deficiency slows digestion, vitellogenesis, and oviposition, and reduces fecundity	Aedes aegypti
physiological function	isozyme XDH1 plays an essential role in Aedes aegypti vector control	Aedes aegypti

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Release 2023.1 (January 2023)