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Literature summary for 1.17.1.4 extracted from

  • Cheung, K.J.; Tzameli, I.; Pissios, P.; Rovira, I.; Gavrilova, O.; Ohtsubo, T.; Chen, Z.; Finkel, T.; Flier, J.S.; Friedman, J.M.
    Xanthine oxidoreductase is a regulator of adipogenesis and PPARgamma activity (2007), Cell Metab., 5, 115-128.
    View publication on PubMed
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Application

Application Comment Organism
medicine enzyme null mutant mice demonstrate 50% reduction in adipose mass compared to control, while obese mice exhibit increased concentrations of xanthine oxidoreductase mRNA and urate in adipose tissues. In vitro, knockdown of xanthine oxidoreductase inhibits adipogenesis and nuclear receptor PPARgamma activity. Xanthine oxidoreductase is a potential therapeutic target for metabolic abnormalities beyond hyperuricemia Mus musculus

Protein Variants

Protein Variants Comment Organism
additional information enzyme null mutant mice demonstrate 50% reduction in adipose mass compared to control, while obese mice exhibit increased concentrations of xanthine oxidoreductase mRNA and urate in adipose tissues. In vitro, knockdown of xanthine oxidoreductase inhibits adipogenesis and nuclear receptor PPARgamma activity Mus musculus
additional information xanthine oxidoreductase expression is elevated 2-fold in white adipose tissue of obese ob/ob mice relative to wild-type, and treatment of ob/ob mice with leptin reduces xanthine oxidoreductase mRNA to wild-type levels. Similarly, serum uric-acid levels are elevated in ob/ob mice relative to wild-type and normalized by leptin treatment. Adipose stores from 2-week-old mice lacking xanthine oxidoreductase activityshow a 12% reduction in body weight compared with wild-type, due to a 50% reduction in adipose content. Serum analysis in xanthine oxidoreductase -/- mice shows significantly decreased free fatty-acid concentrations, while no significant differences are evident for glucose and serum triglycerides Mus musculus

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

Natural Substrates Organism Comment (Nat. Sub.) Natural Products Comment (Nat. Pro.) Rev. Reac.
additional information Mus musculus xanthine oxidoreductase is a regulator of adipogenesis and of nuclear recptor PPARgamma activityand is essential for the regulation of fat accretion ?
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Organism

Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
Mus musculus
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Source Tissue

Source Tissue Comment Organism Textmining
3T3-L1 cell mRNA expression increases 8-fold during the first 12 hr postinduction and subsequently declines to preinduction levels by day 3. Xanthine dehydrogenase activity is maximally induced at 24 hr postinduction, while xanthine oxidase activity remains relatively unchanged Mus musculus
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Substrates and Products (Substrate)

Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
additional information xanthine oxidoreductase is a regulator of adipogenesis and of nuclear recptor PPARgamma activityand is essential for the regulation of fat accretion Mus musculus ?
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