Literature summary for 1.14.19.2 extracted from

Lakhssassi, N.; Colantonio, V.; Flowers, N.D.; Zhou, Z.; Henry, J.; Liu, S.; Meksem, K.
Stearoyl-acyl carrier protein desaturase mutations uncover an impact of stearic acid in leaf and nodule structure (2017), Plant Physiol., 174, 1531-1543 .

Search for more literature for 1.14.19.2

Application

Application	Comment	Organism
biotechnology	random mutagenesis and mutational analysis allows for the achievement of high seed stearic acid content with no associated negative agronomic characteristics, raandom mutagenesis as a rheostat for agronomically important traits	Glycine max

Cloned(Commentary)

Cloned (Comment)	Organism
gene Gmsacpd-c, DNA and amino acid sequence determination and analysis, sequence comparisons and phylogenetic analysis, quantitative real-time PCR enzyme expression analysis	Glycine max

Protein Variants

Protein Variants	Comment	Organism
C235T	random mutagenesis	Glycine max
C247T	random mutagenesis	Glycine max
C305T	random mutagenesis	Glycine max
D77N	random mutagenesis, the alteration of charge in the missense mutants SACPD-CD77N is due to the iron ion pocket localization, the mutation is predicted to affect iron ion-binding kinetics and stability	Glycine max
E114K	random mutagenesis, the mutation directly alters the negatively charged bridging ligand Glu114 into a positively charged Lys	Glycine max
G1777A	random mutagenesis	Glycine max
G1964T	random mutagenesis	Glycine max
G229A	random mutagenesis	Glycine max
G340A	random mutagenesis	Glycine max
L79F	random mutagenesis, the alteration of charge in the missense mutants SACPD-CD77N is due to the iron ion pocket localization, presence of steric hindrance by L79F, the mutation is predicted to affect iron ion-binding kinetics and stability	Glycine max
additional information	one nonsense and four missense Gmsacpd-c mutants are identified to have high levels of seed, nodule, and leaf stearic acid content. Homology modeling and in silico analysis of the GmSACPD-C enzyme reveals that most of these mutations are localized near or at conserved residues essential for di-iron ion coordination. Soybeans carrying Gmsacpd-c mutations at conserved residues show the highest stearic acid content, and these mutations have deleterious effects on nodule development and function. Nodule leghemoglobin transcripts are significantly more abundant in soybeans with deleterious mutations at conserved residues of GmSACPD-C. Gmsacpd-c mutations cause an increase in leaf stearic acid content and an alteration of leaf structure and morphology in addition to differences in nitrogen-fixing nodule structure. Wild-type and mutant leaf phenotypes, overview	Glycine max
P102L	random mutagenesis, the missense mutant SACPD-CP102L is not localized at the iron ion-binding pocket but is positioned at the first residue of the alpha4 chain,which holds the ligands Glu114 and His117 in place. Considering Pro's cyclic conformation, in which the secondary amine binds to the alha-carbon of the protein backbone, a disruption of this conformational rigidity may impact the ability of the alpha4 chain to be in its proper location, disrupting the enzymatic activity of GmSACPD-C	Glycine max

Metals/Ions

Metals/Ions	Comment	Organism	Structure
Fe2+	ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster	Glycine max

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

Natural Substrates	Organism	Comment (Nat. Sub.)	Natural Products	Comment (Nat. Pro.)	Rev.	Reac.
stearoyl-[acyl-carrier protein] + 2 reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + O2 + 2 H+	Glycine max	-	oleoyl-[acyl-carrier protein] + 2 oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + 2 H2O	-	?

Organism

Organism	UniProt	Comment	Textmining
Glycine max	-	cv. Forrest	-

Source Tissue

Source Tissue	Comment	Organism	Textmining
leaf	wild-type and mutant leaf phenotypes, overview	Glycine max	-
root nodule	-	Glycine max	-
seed	-	Glycine max	-

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

Substrates	Comment Substrates	Organism	Products	Comment (Products)	Rev.	Reac.
stearoyl-[acyl-carrier protein] + 2 reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + O2 + 2 H+	-	Glycine max	oleoyl-[acyl-carrier protein] + 2 oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + 2 H2O	-	?

Synonyms

Synonyms	Comment	Organism
Gmsacpd-c	-	Glycine max
SACPD	-	Glycine max
SACPD-C	-	Glycine max
SAD	-	Glycine max
stearoyl-acyl carrier protein desaturase	-	Glycine max

Cofactor

Cofactor	Comment	Organism	Structure
Ferredoxin	-	Glycine max

General Information

General Information	Comment	Organism
malfunction	one nonsense and four missense Gmsacpd-c mutants are identified to have high levels of seed, nodule, and leaf stearic acid content. Homology modeling and in silico analysis of the GmSACPD-C enzyme reveals that most of these mutations are localized near or at conserved residues essential for di-iron ion coordination. Soybeans carrying Gmsacpd-c mutations at conserved residues cause the highest stearic acid content, and these mutations have deleterious effects on nodule development and function. Mutant plants with mutations at nonconserved residues show an increase in stearic acid content yet retain healthy nodules. Nodule leg hemoglobin transcripts are significantly more abundant in soybeans with deleterious mutations at conserved residues of GmSACPD-C. Gmsacpd-c mutations cause an increase in leaf stearic acid content and an alteration of leaf structure and morphology in addition to differences in nitrogen-fixing nodule structure. Wild-type and mutant leaf phenotypes, overview	Glycine max
additional information	homology modeling of GmSACPD-C from cv. Forrest with important catalytic residues and the five identified sacpd-c missense mutations mapped, overview	Glycine max

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Release 2023.1 (January 2023)