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Literature summary for 1.14.14.158 extracted from

  • Fiore, A.; DallOsto, L.; Cazzaniga, S.; Diretto, G.; Giuliano, G.; Bassi, R.
    A quadruple mutant of Arabidopsis reveals a beta-carotene hydroxylation activity for LUT1/CYP97C1 and a regulatory role of xanthophylls on determination of the PSI/PSII ratio (2012), BMC Plant Biol., 12, 50.
    View publication on PubMedView publication on EuropePMC
Search for more literature for 1.14.14.158

Cloned(Commentary)

Cloned (Comment) Organism
genes lut1 and lut5, real-time PCR expression analysis Arabidopsis thaliana

Protein Variants

Protein Variants Comment Organism
additional information construction of the triple chy1chy2lut5 mutant, which is almost completely depleted in beta-xanthophylls. Quadruple chy1chy2lut2lut5 mutant, additionally carrying the lut2 mutation (affecting lycopene epsilon-cyclase) lacks lutein and shows a compensatory increase in beta-xanthophylls with respect to chy1chy2lut5 mutant. Leaf carotenoid contents of wild-type and mutant enzymes, overview Arabidopsis thaliana

Metals/Ions

Metals/Ions Comment Organism Structure
Fe2+ a heme-containing cytochrome P450 enzyme Arabidopsis thaliana

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

Natural Substrates Organism Comment (Nat. Sub.) Natural Products Comment (Nat. Pro.) Rev. Reac.
alpha-carotene + [reduced NADPH-hemoprotein reductase] + O2 Arabidopsis thaliana
-
 lutein + [oxidized NADPH-hemoprotein reductase] + H2O
-
 ?
beta-carotene + reduced cytochrome P-450 + O2 Arabidopsis thaliana
-
 zeaxanthin + oxidized cytochrome P-450 + H2O
-
 ?
additional information Arabidopsis thaliana LUT1/CYP97C1 protein reveals a major beta-carotene hydroxylase activity in vivo when depleted in its preferred substrate alpha-carotene ?
-
 ?

Organism

Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
Arabidopsis thaliana Q6TBX7 gene lut1
-
Arabidopsis thaliana Q93VK5 gene lut5
-

Source Tissue

Source Tissue Comment Organism Textmining
leaf
-
 Arabidopsis thaliana
-

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
alpha-carotene + [reduced NADPH-hemoprotein reductase] + O2
-
 Arabidopsis thaliana lutein + [oxidized NADPH-hemoprotein reductase] + H2O
-
 ?
beta-carotene + reduced cytochrome P-450 + O2
-
 Arabidopsis thaliana zeaxanthin + oxidized cytochrome P-450 + H2O
-
 ?
additional information LUT1/CYP97C1 protein reveals a major beta-carotene hydroxylase activity in vivo when depleted in its preferred substrate alpha-carotene Arabidopsis thaliana ?
-
 ?

Synonyms

Synonyms Comment Organism
CYP97a3
-
 Arabidopsis thaliana
CYP97C1
-
 Arabidopsis thaliana
LUT1
-
 Arabidopsis thaliana
LUT1/CYP97C1
-
 Arabidopsis thaliana
LUT5
-
 Arabidopsis thaliana
LUT5/CYP97A3
-
 Arabidopsis thaliana

Cofactor

Cofactor Comment Organism Structure
cytochrome P450
-
 Arabidopsis thaliana
heme
-
 Arabidopsis thaliana

General Information

General Information Comment Organism
malfunction quadruple chy1chy2lut2lut5 mutant lacks lutein and shows a compensatory increase in beta-xanthophylls with respect to the chy1chy2lut5 mutant. Chy1chy2lut2lut5 mutant plants show an even stronger photosensitivity than mutant chy1chy2lut5, a complete lack of qE, the rapidly reversible component of non-photochemical quenching, and a peculiar organization of the pigment binding complexes into thylakoids. The chy1chy2lut2lut5 mutant is depleted in Lhcb subunits and is specifically affected in Photosystem I function, showing a deficiency in PSI-LHCI supercomplexes, phenotype, overview Arabidopsis thaliana
metabolism the first step in xanthophyll biosynthesis from alpha- and beta-carotene is the hydroxylation of epsilon- and beta-rings, performed by both non-heme iron oxygenases CHY1 and CHY2, and by P450 cytochromes, LUT1/CYP97C1 and LUT5/CYP97A3. CHY1, CHY2, LUT1/CYP97C1 and LUT5/CYP97A3 are the complete complement of carotene hydroxylases in Arabidopsis thaliana Arabidopsis thaliana
physiological function the enzyme is involved in xanthophyll biosynthesis, correlation between xanthophyll levels and the PSI-PSII ratio, xanthophylls are needed for normal level of Photosystem I and LHCII accumulation Arabidopsis thaliana