Localization | Comment | Organism | GeneOntology No. | Textmining |
---|---|---|---|---|
mitochondrion | - |
Homo sapiens | 5739 | - |
Natural Substrates | Organism | Comment (Nat. Sub.) | Natural Products | Comment (Nat. Pro.) | Rev. | Reac. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
all-trans-beta-carotene + O2 | Homo sapiens | - |
all-trans-10'-apo-beta-carotenal + beta-ionone | - |
? |
Organism | UniProt | Comment | Textmining |
---|---|---|---|
Homo sapiens | Q9BYV7 | - |
- |
Source Tissue | Comment | Organism | Textmining |
---|---|---|---|
DU-145 cell | - |
Homo sapiens | - |
epithelium | - |
Homo sapiens | - |
LNCaP cell | - |
Homo sapiens | - |
LNCaP-C4-2 cell | - |
Homo sapiens | - |
additional information | expression of the genes bco1 and bco2 overlaps in the human gastrointestinal tract, but gene bco2, additionally, is expressed in several tissues neither known to be sensitive to vitamin A deficiency nor to express gene bco1 | Homo sapiens | - |
PC-3 cell | - |
Homo sapiens | - |
prostate | epithelium | Homo sapiens | - |
prostate cancer cell | expression of the bco2 gene is dramatically decreased in prostate cancer tissue and in a range of prostate cancer cell lines as compared with nonneoplastic prostate tissue and normal prostatic epithelial cells, respectively. DNA methyltransferase inhibition induces bco2 expression in prostate cancer cells | Homo sapiens | - |
Substrates | Comment Substrates | Organism | Products | Comment (Products) | Rev. | Reac. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
all-trans-beta-carotene + O2 | - |
Homo sapiens | all-trans-10'-apo-beta-carotenal + beta-ionone | - |
? |
Synonyms | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|
BCO2 | - |
Homo sapiens |
beta-carotene 9',10' oxygenase | - |
Homo sapiens |
Organism | Comment | Expression |
---|---|---|
Homo sapiens | expression of the bco2 gene is dramatically decreased in prostate cancer tissue and in a range of prostate cancer cell lines as compared with nonneoplastic prostate tissue and normal prostatic epithelial cells, respectively. Inhibition of DNA methyltransferase activity restores bco2 expression in prostate cancer cell lines tested | down |
Homo sapiens | treatment with lycopene or its metabolite, apo-10-lycopenal, increases bco2 expression and reduces cell proliferation in androgen-sensitive cell lines, but lycopene neither alters bco2 expression nor cell growth in androgen-resistant cells | up |
General Information | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|
malfunction | epigenetic loss of BCO2 expression is associated with prostate cancer progression, molecular mechanisms of BCO2 actions in prostate cancer, overview | Homo sapiens |
metabolism | the enzyme is imortant in lycopene metabolism | Homo sapiens |
physiological function | mitochondrial beta-carotene-9',10'-oxygenase modulates prostate cancer growth via NF-kappaB inhibition in a lycopene-independent manner. Restoring bco2 expression in prostate cancer cells inhibits cell proliferation and colony formation, irrespective of lycopene exposure. Exogenous expression of either wild-type BCO2 or a mutant (enzymatically inactive) BCO2 in prostate cancer cells reduces NF-kappaB activity and decreases NF-kappaB nuclear translocation and DNA binding. BCO2 has functions that are independent of its enzymatic role in lycopene metabolism. BCO2 is a tumor suppressor in prostate cancer. BCO2-mediated inhibition of NF-kappaB signaling implies BCO2 status is important in prostate cancer progression | Homo sapiens |