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Ligand all-trans-retinol

Basic Ligand Information

Molecular Structure

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Roles as Enzyme Ligand

In Vivo Substrate in Enzyme-catalyzed Reactions (18 results)

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Show Natural Substrate (18 entries)

EC NUMBER

PROVEN IN VIVO REACTION

REACTION DIAGRAM

LITERATURE

ENZYME 3D STRUCTURE

1.1.1.1

all-trans-retinol + NAD+ = all-trans-retinal + NADH

697214, 656058

-

1.1.1.105

all-trans-retinol + NAD+ = all-trans-retinal + NADH

667537

-

1.1.1.105

all-trans-retinol + NAD+ = all-trans-retinal + NADH + H+

740085, 737923, 761505, 691750, 692959, 285727

-

1.1.1.300

all-trans-retinol + NADP+ = all-trans-retinal + NADPH + H+

722769, 722011, 761818, 654687, 656064, 656098

-

1.1.1.300

retinol + NAD+ = retinal + NADH + H+

740107

-

1.1.1.300

retinol + NADP+ = retinal + NADPH + H+

740719, 740899, 740107, 761488, 763516, 762430, 687139

-

1.1.1.105

2 entries

1.1.1.300

3 entries

1.2.1.3

retinol + NAD+ + H2O = retinoic acid + NADH + H+

711790

-

1.3.99.23

all-trans-retinol + reduced acceptor = all-trans-13,14-dihydroretinol + acceptor

700994, 700301, 659418

-

2.3.1.135

phosphatidylcholine + all-trans-retinol = 2-acylglycerophosphocholine + all-trans-retinyl acyl ester

657964

-

2.3.1.135

phosphatidylcholine + all-trans-retinol = 2-acylglycerophosphocholine + all-trans-retinyl ester

674517

-

2.3.1.135

phosphatidylcholine + all-trans-retinol = 2-acylglycerophosphocholine + retinyl ester

674517

-

2.3.1.135

phosphatidylcholine + all-trans-retinol = all-trans-retinyl acyl esters + 2-acylglycerophosphocholine

638625, 638617, 638623, 638619, 638611, 638612

-

2.3.1.135

lecithin + retinol-[cellular retinol-binding protein] = 2-acylglycerophosphocholine + retinyl ester-[cellular retinol-binding protein]

674833, 676112

-

2.3.1.135

phosphatidylcholine + retinol-[cellular-retinol-binding-protein] = 2-acylglycerophosphocholine + retinyl-ester-[cellular-retinol-binding-protein]

720030, 715720, 718992, 719418, 720353, 658462

-

2.3.1.76

all-trans retinol + palmitoyl-CoA = all-trans-retinyl palmitate + CoA

675260

-

2.3.1.76

palmitoyl-CoA + all-trans-retinol = CoA + all-trans-retinyl palmitate

658662, 672075

-

2.3.1.76

acyl-CoA + retinol = CoA + retinyl ester

487496, 672340, 487488, 487489, 487490, 487492, 487493, 487494, 487495, 487491, 487497

-

2.3.1.76

palmitoyl-CoA + retinol = CoA + retinyl palmitate

658662

-

2.3.1.135

6 entries

2.3.1.76

4 entries

In Vivo Product in Enzyme-catalyzed Reactions (17 results)

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Show Natural Product (17 entries)

EC NUMBER

PROVEN IN VIVO REACTION

REACTION DIAGRAM

LITERATURE

ENZYME 3D STRUCTURE

1.1.1.105

all-trans-retinal + NAD(P)H + H+ = all-trans-retinol + NAD(P)+

0

-

1.1.1.105

all-trans-retinal + NADH + H+ = all-trans-retinol + NAD+

0

-

1.1.1.105

retinal + NAD(P)H = retinol + NAD(P)+

287272

-

1.1.1.105

retinal + NADH = retinol + NAD+

285726

-

1.1.1.105

4 entries

1.1.1.184

all-trans retinal + NADPH + H+ = all-trans retinol + NADP+

0

-

1.1.1.300

all-trans retinal + NADPH + H+ = all-tans-retinol + NADP+

0

-

1.1.1.300

all-trans-retinal + NADPH + H+ = all-tans-retinol + NADP+

0

-

1.1.1.300

all-trans-retinal + NADPH + H+ = all-trans-retinol + NADP+

0, 287274

-

1.1.1.71

all-trans-retinal + NADPH + H+ = all-trans-retinol + NADP+

0

-

1.1.1.71

retinaldehyde + NADH = retinol + NAD+

0

-

1.3.99.23

(R)-all-trans-13,14-dihydroretinol + acceptor = all-trans-retinol + reduced acceptor

0

-

1.3.99.23

all-trans-13,14-dihydroretinol + acceptor = all-trans-retinol + reduced acceptor

0

-

1.3.99.23

all-trans-13,14-dihydroretinol + FAD = all-trans-retinol + FADH2

0

-

1.3.99.23

all-trans-13,14-dihydroretinol + NAD+ = all-trans-retinol + NADH + H+

0

-

1.3.99.23

all-trans-13,14-dihydroretinol + NADP+ = all-trans-retinol + NADPH + H+

0

-

1.1.1.300

3 entries

1.1.1.71

2 entries

1.3.99.23

5 entries

3.1.1.3

retinyl palmitate + H2O = retinol + palmitate

649985

-

3.2.1.31

retinyl-beta-glucuronide + H2O = retinol + D-glucuronide

0

-

Substrate in Enzyme-catalyzed Reactions (69 results)

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Show Substrate (69 entries)

EC NUMBER

REACTION

REACTION DIAGRAM

LITERATURE

ENZYME 3D STRUCTURE

1.1.1.1

all-trans-retinol + NAD+ = all-trans-retinal + NADH

655479, 697214, 285608, 654370, 656058, 285602, 285650, 285648

-

1.1.1.1

retinol + NAD+ = retinal + NADH

655197

-

1.1.1.105

all-trans-retinol + NAD+ = all-trans-retinal + NADH

285728, 654431, 667537, 738033

-

1.1.1.105

all-trans-retinol + NAD+ = all-trans-retinal + NADH + H+

738610, 285727, 667537, 740085, 737923, 761505, 691750, 692959

-

1.1.1.105

all-trans-retinol + NAD+ = all-trans-retinaldehyde + NADH + H+

738610

-

1.1.1.105

all-trans-retinol + NADP+ = all-trans-retinal + NADPH + H+

691750

-

1.1.1.105

retinol + NAD+ = retinal + NADH

285728, 654713, 285723, 285724

-

1.1.1.105

retinol + NADP+ = retinal + NADPH

285725

-

1.1.1.1

2 entries

1.1.1.105

6 entries

1.1.1.145

all-trans-retinol + NADP+ = ? + NADPH

684725

-

1.1.1.184

all-trans-retinol + NADP+ = all-trans-retinal + NADPH

685454

-

1.1.1.2

all-trans-retinol + NADP+ = all-trans-retinal + NADPH

286206

-

1.1.1.300

all-trans-retinol + NAD+ = all-trans-retinal + NADH + H+

656064

-

1.1.1.300

all-trans-retinol + NADP+ = all-trans-retinal + NADPH + H+

722769, 654687, 656064, 722011, 761818, 656098, 667537

-

1.1.1.300

retinol + NAD+ = retinal + NADH

656810

-

1.1.1.300

retinol + NAD+ = retinal + NADH + H+

740107, 760674

-

1.1.1.300

retinol + NADP+ = retinal + NADPH

656810

-

1.1.1.300

retinol + NADP+ = retinal + NADPH + H+

740719, 740899, 740107, 739913, 761488, 763516, 762430, 687139

-

1.1.1.315

all-trans retinol + NAD+ = all-trans-retinal + NADH + H+

690842

-

1.1.1.315

all-trans retinol + NADP+ = all-trans-retinal + NADPH + H+

690842

-

1.1.1.315

all-trans-retinol + NAD+ = all-trans-retinal + NADH + H+

692942, 687735, 692700

-

1.1.1.315

all-trans-retinol + NADP+ = all-trans-retinal + NADPH + H+

740740, 692700

-

1.1.1.315

all-trans-retinol + NADPH = all-trans-retinal + NADP+

687735

-

1.1.1.300

6 entries

1.1.1.315

5 entries

1.1.1.71

all-trans-retinol + NADP+ = all-trans-retinal + NADPH + H+

655563

-

1.14.19.53

all-trans-retinol + 2 reduced adrenodoxin + 2 H+ + O2 = all-trans-3,4-didehydroretinol + 2 oxidized adrenodoxin + 2 H2O

744905, 745368, 744751

-

1.2.1.3

retinol + NAD+ + H2O = retinoic acid + NADH + H+

711790

-

1.2.1.36

all-trans-retinol + NAD(P)H = NAD(P)+ + H2O + all-trans-retinaldehyde

686690

-

1.2.1.36

all-trans-retinol + NAD+ + H2O = all-trans-retinoic acid + NADH + H+

763136

-

1.2.1.36

all-trans-retinol + NADP+ + H2O = all-trans-retinoic acid + NADPH + H+

763136

-

1.2.1.36

retinol + NAD+ + H2O = ? + NADH + H+

724722

-

1.2.1.36

retinol + NAD+ + H2O = all-trans-retinoic acid + NADH + H+

725461

-

1.2.1.5

all-trans-retinol + NAD+ + H2O = all-trans-retinoic acid + NADH + H+

763136

-

1.2.1.5

all-trans-retinol + NADP+ + H2O = all-trans-retinoic acid + NADPH + H+

763136

-

1.3.99.23

all-trans-retinol + reduced acceptor = all-trans-13,14-dihydroretinol + acceptor

672228, 700994, 700301, 659418, 686872

-

1.3.99.23

all-trans-retinol + reduced acceptor = all-trans-7,8-dihydroretinol + acceptor

672228

-

2.3.1.135

didecanoylphosphatidylcholine + all-trans-retinol = all-trans-retinyl decanoate + 2-decanoylglycerophosphocholine

735707

-

2.3.1.135

diheptanoylphosphatidylcholine + all-trans-retinol = all-trans-retinyl heptanoate + 2-heptanoylglycerophosphocholine

735707

-

2.3.1.135

dilauroylphosphatidylcholine + all-trans-retinol = all-trans-retinyl laurate + 2-lauroylglycerophosphocholine

735707

-

2.3.1.135

dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine + all-trans-retinol = all-trans-retinyl myristate + 2-myristoylglycerophosphocholine

735707

-

2.3.1.135

dioctanoylphosphatidylcholine + all-trans-retinol = all-trans-retinyl octanoate + 2-octanoylglycerophosphocholine

735707

-

2.3.1.135

dioleoylphosphatidylcholine + all-trans-retinol = all-trans-retinyl oleate + 2-oleoylglycerophosphocholine

735707

-

2.3.1.135

dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine + all-trans-retinol = all-trans-retinyl palmitate + 2-palmitoylglycerophosphocholine

638625, 638609, 638621, 638611, 638617, 638618, 735707

-

2.3.1.135

phosphatidylcholine + all-trans-retinol = 2-acylglycerophosphocholine + all-trans-retinyl acyl ester

657964

-

2.3.1.135

phosphatidylcholine + all-trans-retinol = 2-acylglycerophosphocholine + all-trans-retinyl acylester

658001, 658661, 658075

-

2.3.1.135

phosphatidylcholine + all-trans-retinol = 2-acylglycerophosphocholine + all-trans-retinyl ester

674517

-

2.3.1.135

phosphatidylcholine + all-trans-retinol = 2-acylglycerophosphocholine + retinyl ester

674517

-

2.3.1.135

phosphatidylcholine + all-trans-retinol = all-trans-retinyl acyl esters + 2-acylglycerophosphocholine

638625, 638620, 638622, 638612, 638617, 638623, 638615, 638619, 638611

-

2.3.1.135

1-palmitoyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphorylcholine + retinol = retinyl palmitate + 2-acetyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphorylcholine

638608

-

2.3.1.135

1-palmitoyl-2-linoleoyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphorylcholine + retinol = retinyl palmitate + 2-linoleoyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphorylcholine

638608

-

2.3.1.135

1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphorylcholine + retinol = retinyl palmitate + 2-oleoyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphorylcholine

638608

-

2.3.1.135

1-palmitoyl-2-stearoyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphorylcholine + retinol = retinyl palmitate + 2-stearoyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphorylcholine

638608

-

2.3.1.135

1-palmitoyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphorylcholine + retinol = retinyl palmitate + glycerol-3-phosphorylcholine

638608

-

2.3.1.135

lecithin + retinol-[cellular retinol-binding protein] = 2-acylglycerophosphocholine + retinyl ester-[cellular retinol-binding protein]

674833, 676112

-

2.3.1.135

phosphatidylcholine + retinol-[cellular-retinol-binding-protein] = 2-acylglycerophosphocholine + retinyl-ester-[cellular-retinol-binding-protein]

720030, 658001, 658462, 715720, 718992, 719418, 720353, 638612, 638613

-

1.2.1.36

5 entries

1.2.1.5

2 entries

1.3.99.23

2 entries

2.3.1.135

19 entries

2.3.1.20

palmitoyl-CoA + all-trans-retinol = ?

737079

-

2.3.1.75

myristoyl-CoA + all-trans-retinol = all-trans-retinyl myristate + CoA

757376

-

2.3.1.75

palmitoyl-CoA + all-trans-retinol = ?

659670

-

2.3.1.76

all-trans retinol + palmitoyl-CoA = all-trans-retinyl palmitate + CoA

675260, 659670

-

2.3.1.76

palmitoyl-CoA + all-trans-retinol = CoA + all-trans-retinyl palmitate

672075, 658662

-

2.3.1.76

palmitoyl-CoA + all-trans-retinol = CoA + all-trans-retinylpalmitate

658662

-

2.3.1.76

acyl-CoA + retinol = CoA + retinyl ester

487496, 672340, 487488, 487489, 487490, 487492, 487493, 487494, 487495, 487491, 487497

-

2.3.1.76

lauroyl-CoA + retinol = CoA + retinyllaurate

487488

-

2.3.1.76

octanoyl-CoA + retinol = CoA + retinyloctanoate

487488

-

2.3.1.76

oleoyl-CoA + retinol = CoA + retinyloleolate

487496, 487488, 487492, 487491

-

2.3.1.76

palmitoyl-CoA + retinol = CoA + retinyl palmitate

675260, 658662, 672340

-

2.3.1.76

palmitoyl-CoA + retinol = CoA + retinylpalmitate

487496, 659670, 487492, 487493, 487494, 487495, 487491, 487497, 487488, 487489, 487490

-

2.3.1.76

stearoyl-CoA + retinol = CoA + retinylstearate

487488, 487492

-

2.3.1.75

2 entries

2.3.1.76

10 entries

2.8.2.2

3'-phosphoadenylylsulfate + retinol = adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + retinol sulfate

645776

-

3.1.1.13

oleic acid + retinol = retinyl oleate

652623

-

3.1.1.64

all-trans-retinol = 11-cis-retinol

716114, 706574

-

Product in Enzyme-catalyzed Reactions (49 results)

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Show Product (49 entries)

EC NUMBER

REACTION

REACTION DIAGRAM

LITERATURE

ENZYME 3D STRUCTURE

1.1.1.1

all-trans retinal + NADH + H+ = all-trans retinol + NAD+

0

-

1.1.1.1

all-trans-retinal + NADH + H+ = all-trans-retinol + NAD+

0

-

1.1.1.1

retinal + NADH + H+ = retinol + NAD+

0

-

1.1.1.105

all-trans retinal + NADH + H+ = all-trans retinol + NAD+

0

-

1.1.1.105

all-trans retinal + NADH + H+ = all-trans-retinol + NAD+

0

-

1.1.1.105

all-trans-retinal + NAD(P)H + H+ = all-trans-retinol + NAD(P)+

0

-

1.1.1.105

all-trans-retinal + NAD+ = all-trans-retinol + NADH + H+

0

-

1.1.1.105

all-trans-retinal + NADH + H+ = all-trans-retinol + NAD+

0

-

1.1.1.105

all-trans-retinaldehyde + NADH + H+ = all-trans-retinol + NAD+

0

-

1.1.1.105

retinal + NAD(P)H = retinol + NAD(P)+

287272

-

1.1.1.105

retinal + NADH + H+ = retinol + NAD+

0

-

1.1.1.105

retinal + NADH = retinol + NAD+

0, 285726

-

1.1.1.105

retinal + NADPH + H+ = retinol + NADP+

0

-

1.1.1.184

all-trans retinal + NADPH + H+ = all-trans retinol + NADP+

0

-

1.1.1.184

all-trans-retinal + NADPH + H+ = all-trans-retinol + NADP+

0

-

1.1.1.1

3 entries

1.1.1.105

10 entries

1.1.1.184

2 entries

1.1.1.188

retinal + NADPH = retinol + NADP+

0

-

1.1.1.2

all-trans-retinal + NADPH + H+ = all-trans-retinol + NADP+

0

-

1.1.1.300

all-trans retinal + NADH + H+ = all-tans-retinol + NAD+

0

-

1.1.1.300

all-trans retinal + NADPH + H+ = all-tans-retinol + NADP+

0

-

1.1.1.300

all-trans-retinal + NADPH + H+ = all-tans-retinol + NADP+

0

-

1.1.1.300

all-trans retinal + NADH + H+ = all-trans-retinol + NAD+

0

-

1.1.1.300

all-trans retinal + NADPH + H+ = all-trans-retinol + NADP+

0

-

1.1.1.300

all-trans-retinal + NAD(P)H + H+ = all-trans-retinol + NAD(P)+

0, 287274

-

1.1.1.300

all-trans-retinal + NADH + H+ = all-trans-retinol + NAD+

0

-

1.1.1.300

all-trans-retinal + NADPH + H+ = all-trans-retinol + NADP+

0, 287274

-

1.1.1.300

retinal + NADH + H+ = retinol + NAD+

0

-

1.1.1.300

retinal + NADH = retinol + NAD+

0

-

1.1.1.300

retinal + NADPH + H+ = retinol + NADP+

0

-

1.1.1.300

11 entries

1.1.1.315

all-trans-retinal + NADPH + H+ = all-tans-retinol + NADP+

0

-

1.1.1.71

all-trans-retinal + NADPH + H+ = all-trans-retinol + NADP+

0

-

1.1.1.71

retinal + NAD(P)H = retinol + NAD(P)+

287282

-

1.1.1.71

retinaldehyde + NADH = retinol + NAD+

0

-

1.2.1.36

all-trans-retinal + NADH + H+ = all-trans-retinol + NAD+

0

-

1.2.1.36

all-trans-retinal + NADPH + H+ = all-trans-retinol + NADP+

0

-

1.2.1.5

all-trans-retinal + NAD+ = all-trans-retinol + NADH + H+

0

-

1.2.1.5

all-trans-retinal + NADP+ + H2O = all-trans-retinol + NADPH + H+

0

-

1.2.1.5

all-trans-retinal + NADP+ = all-trans-retinol + NADPH + H+

0

-

1.3.99.23

(R)-all-trans-13,14-dihydroretinol + acceptor = all-trans-retinol + reduced acceptor

0

-

1.3.99.23

all-trans-13,14-dihydroretinol + acceptor = all-trans-retinol + reduced acceptor

0

-

1.3.99.23

all-trans-13,14-dihydroretinol + FAD = all-trans-retinol + FADH2

0

-

1.3.99.23

all-trans-13,14-dihydroretinol + NAD+ = all-trans-retinol + NADH + H+

0

-

1.3.99.23

all-trans-13,14-dihydroretinol + NADP+ = all-trans-retinol + NADPH + H+

0

-

1.3.99.23

all-trans-7,8-dihydroretinol + acceptor = all-trans-retinol + reduced acceptor

0

-

1.1.1.71

3 entries

1.2.1.36

2 entries

1.2.1.5

3 entries

1.3.99.23

6 entries

3.1.1.1

retinyl palmitate + H2O = retinol + palmitate

0, 651131

-

3.1.1.13

retinyl palmitate + H2O = retinol + palmitate

652623

-

3.1.1.3

retinyl palmitate + H2O = retinol + palmitate

649985

-

3.1.1.64

all-trans-retinyl acetate + H2O = all-trans-retinol + acetate

0

-

3.1.1.64

all-trans-retinyl palmitate + H2O = all-trans-retinol + palmitate

170637, 170636, 170640, 170657, 170660, 170654

-

3.1.1.64

2 entries

3.2.1.31

retinyl-beta-glucuronide + H2O = retinol + D-glucuronide

0

-

Activator in Enzyme-catalyzed Reactions (6 results)

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Show Activating Compound (6 entries)

EC NUMBER

COMMENTARY

LITERATURE

ENZYME 3D STRUCTURE

1.11.1.6

treatment of cultured Sertoli cells leads to activation of catalase by increasing its protein content, but without alteration of its mRNA expression. Retinol treatment also increases cell lipoperoxidation and intracellular reactive species production. All effects induced by retinol are inhibited by the antioxidant Trolox

686055

-

1.14.16.2

retinol activates tyrosine hydroxylase in vivo via two sequential non-genomic mechanisms: 1. retinol induces an influx in extracellular calcium, activation of protein kinase C and Ser40 phosphorylation, leading to tyrosine hydroxylase activation within 15 min, 2. the retinol-induced rise in intracellular calcium leads to an increase in reactive oxygen species, activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 and Ser31 phosphorylation and the maintenance of tyrosine hydroxylase activation for up to 2 h

688508

-

2.1.1.20

GNMT activity is induced by vitamin A

704524

-

2.3.1.135

-

638616

-

2.3.1.135

-

638614, 638616

-

2.3.1.135

regulates LRAT activity in the liver but not in the small intestine

638619

-

2.3.1.135

3 entries

Inhibitor in Enzyme-catalyzed Reactions (6 results)

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Show Inhibitors (6 entries)

EC NUMBER

COMMENTARY

LITERATURE

ENZYME 3D STRUCTURE

1.1.1.315

substrate inhibition

687735

-

1.2.1.36

competitive

390266

-

1.2.1.36

40% uncompetitive inhibition of all-trans-retinal oxidation at 0.012 mM

654553

-

1.2.1.36

2 entries

1.2.3.1

complete inhibition at 0.5 mM

390425

-

3.1.26.5

-

692177

-

3.4.23.5

-

36929

-

Enzyme Kinetic Parameters

k_cat Value (Turnover Number) (18 results)

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Show Turnover Number (18 entries)

EC NUMBER

TURNOVER NUMBER [1/S]

TURNOVER NUMBER MAXIMUM [1/S]

COMMENTARY

LITERATURE

1.1.1.1

0.028

-

pH 7.5, 25°C, isozyme ADH1B1

654370

1.1.1.1

0.087

-

recombinant allozyme Ile308, pH 7.5, 25°C

655197

1.1.1.1

0.11

-

recombinant allozyme Val308, pH 7.5, 25°C

655197

1.1.1.1

0.25

-

pH 7.5, 25°C, isozyme ADH1B2

654370

1.1.1.1

0.35

-

isoenzyme AA-ADH

285650

1.1.1.1

0.4

-

-

285608

1.1.1.1

0.9

-

pH 7.5, 25°C, isozyme ADH4

654370

1.1.1.1

1.3

-

-

285602

1.1.1.1

1.3

-

isoenzyme TT-ADH

285650

1.1.1.1

1.55

-

oxidation with NAD+

285648

1.1.1.1

1.9

-

isoenzyme BB-ADH

285650

1.1.1.1

11 entries

1.1.1.105

0.02

-

37°C

667537

1.1.1.184

0.01

-

pH 7.4

685454

1.1.1.300

0.0006

-

37°C

667537

1.1.1.300

0.2

-

purified recombinant enzyme

654687

1.14.19.53

0.068

-

pH 7.4, 37°C

745368

1.14.19.53

0.38

-

pH 7.4, temperature not specified in the publication

744905

1.1.1.300

2 entries

1.14.19.53

2 entries

2.3.1.135

40.4

-

pH not specified in the publication, 20°C

735707

K_M Value (66 results)

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Show KM Value (66 entries)

EC NUMBER

KM VALUE [MM]

KM VALUE MAXIMUM [MM]

COMMENTARY

LITERATURE

1.1.1.1

0.009

-

-

285608

1.1.1.1

0.011

-

recombinant allozyme Ile308, pH 7.5, 25°C

655197

1.1.1.1

0.012

-

recombinant allozyme Val308, pH 7.5, 25°C

655197

1.1.1.1

0.02

-

isoenzyme TT-ADH

285650

1.1.1.1

0.023

-

pH 7.5, 25°C, isozyme ADH4

654370

1.1.1.1

0.03

-

isoenzyme BB-ADH

285650

1.1.1.1

0.03

-

isozyme ADH1B1, pH 7.5, 25°C

655479

1.1.1.1

0.03

-

pH 7.5, 25°C, isozyme ADH1B1

654370

1.1.1.1

0.033

-

isozyme ADH1B2, pH 7.5, 25°C

655479

1.1.1.1

0.033

-

pH 7.5, 25°C, isozyme ADH1B2

654370

1.1.1.1

0.05

-

isoenzyme AA-ADH

285650

1.1.1.1

0.059

-

oxidation with NAD+

285648

1.1.1.105

0.000039

-

pH and temperature not specified in the publication

738610

1.1.1.105

0.000039

-

pH not specified in the publication, temperature not specified in the publication

738610

1.1.1.105

0.00087

-

recombinant enzyme, pH and temperature not specified in the publication

761505

1.1.1.105

0.0011

-

37°C

667537

1.1.1.105

0.0026

-

pH 8, 37°C

692959

1.1.1.105

0.0041

-

wild type enzyme, in 100 mM sodium phosphate, pH 7.4

690842

1.1.1.105

0.12

-

-

285724

1.1.1.1

12 entries

1.1.1.105

7 entries

1.1.1.184

0.086

-

pH 7.4

685454

1.1.1.2

0.02

-

-

286206

1.1.1.300

0.0006

-

purified recombinant enzyme

654687

1.1.1.300

0.0007

-

membrane-bound wild-type

654687

1.1.1.300

0.004

-

Km-value for all-trans-retinol is similar to that for retinal however, the rate of retinol oxidation by RDH13 is extremely low

686690

1.1.1.300

0.004

-

pH 7.4, 37°C

667674

1.1.1.300

0.18

-

37°C

667537

1.1.1.300

1.3

-

pH 7.4, 37°C, determined with NADPH

656064

1.1.1.315

0.00018

-

pH 7.4, 37°, mutynt enzyme S197A

690842

1.1.1.315

0.0011

-

pH 7.4, 37°C, mutant enzyme S197G

690842

1.1.1.315

0.0041

-

pH 7.4, 37°C, wild-type enzyme

690842

1.1.1.315

0.035

-

-

687735

1.1.1.315

0.035

-

microsomal preparations of RDH10, cofactor: NAD+

687735

1.1.1.300

6 entries

1.1.1.315

5 entries

1.1.1.71

0.4

-

pH 7.4, 37°C

655563

1.14.19.53

0.0005

-

pH 7.4, temperature not specified in the publication

744905

1.14.19.53

0.0011

-

pH 7.4, 37°C

745368

1.14.19.53

2 entries

1.2.1.36

0.003

-

-

686690

2.3.1.135

0.0001

-

with dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine, H46Q mutant

638621

2.3.1.135

0.000167

-

H126Q mutant

638621

2.3.1.135

0.0002

-

intestinal LRAT, reaction with phosphatidylcholine

638612

2.3.1.135

0.00024

-

-

658001

2.3.1.135

0.000243

-

reaction with dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine

638611

2.3.1.135

0.00034

-

with dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine, C182A mutant

638618

2.3.1.135

0.00036

-

with dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine, cloned enzyme, expressed in HEK-293T cells

638621

2.3.1.135

0.00044

-

liver LRAT, reaction with phosphatidylcholine

638612

2.3.1.135

0.00046

-

with dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine, chemically dimerized enzyme

638623

2.3.1.135

0.00047

-

with dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine, C161S mutant

638618

2.3.1.135

0.00051

-

with dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine, C208A mutant

638618

2.3.1.135

0.00052

-

with dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine

638623

2.3.1.135

0.00063

-

intestinal LRAT, reaction with phosphatidylcholine

638612

2.3.1.135

0.00078

-

liver LRAT, reaction with phosphatidylcholine

638612

2.3.1.135

0.00082

-

with dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine, C168S mutant

638618

2.3.1.135

0.00094

-

with dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine, cloned enzyme, expressed in HEK-296T cells

638618

2.3.1.135

0.001

-

liver LRAT, reaction with phosphatidylcholine

638613

2.3.1.135

0.00108

-

with dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine, H60Q mutant

638621

2.3.1.135

0.002

-

-

487491

2.3.1.135

0.0024

-

with dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine, H72Q mutant

638621

2.3.1.135

0.0042

-

reaction with phosphatidylcholine

638615

2.3.1.135

0.0095

-

-

658661

2.3.1.135

0.055

-

pH not specified in the publication, 20°C

735707

2.3.1.135

23 entries

2.3.1.20

0.0099

-

at pH 8.0 and 37°C

737079

2.3.1.75

0.02359

-

at pH 7.0 and 37°C

757376

2.3.1.76

0.0041

-

pH 7.5, 37°C, retinal pigment epithelium microsomes

658662

2.3.1.76

0.0041

0.0048

depending on assay method

658662

2.3.1.76

0.016

-

-

487497

2.3.1.76

0.0259

-

ARAT activity of recombinant acyl coenzyme A:diacylglycerol acyltransferase isozyme 1, pH 7.4, 37°C

672340

2.3.1.76

0.0259

-

pH 7.4, 37°C, recombinant enzyme

658662

2.3.1.76

5 entries

K_i Value (1 result)

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Show KI Value (1 entry)

EC NUMBER

KI VALUE [MM]

KI VALUE MAXIMUM [MM]

COMMENTARY

LITERATURE

3.1.26.5

1.475

-

at 37°C, in 50 mM Tris/HCl pH 7.6, 10 mM NH4Cl, 5 mM MgCl2, and 5 mM dithiothreitol

692177

References & Links

Literature References (134)

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Show Reference (134 entries)

BRENDA REFERENCE ID

PUBMED ID

TITLE

YEAR

AUTHORS

JOURNAL

VOLUME

PAGES

36929

5549596

Purification and properties of cathepsin D from bovine uterus

1971

Woessner, J.F.; Shamberger, R.J.

J. Biol. Chem.

246

1951-1960

170636

3341762

Hydrolysis of cis and trans isomers of retinyl palmitate by retinyl ester hydrolase of pig liver

1988

Cooper, D.A.; Olson, J.A.

Arch. Biochem. Biophys.

260

705-711

170637

3793734

Hydrolysis of 11-cis- and all-trans-retinyl palmitate by homogenates of human retinal epithelial cells

1987

Blaner, W.S.; Das, S.R.; Gouras, P.; Flood, M.T.

J. Biol. Chem.

262

53-58

170640

6743673

Rat liver retinyl palmitate hydrolase activity. Relationship to cholesteryl oleate and triolein hydrolase activities

1984

Blaner W.S.; Prystowsky, J.H.; Smith, J.E.; Goodman, D.S.

Biochim. Biophys. Acta

794

419-427

170654

8594936

Retinyl ester hydrolase and the visual cycle in the chicken eye

1995

Bustamante, J.J.; Ziari, S.; Ramirez, R.D.; Tsin, A.T.C.

Am. J. Physiol.

269

R1346-R1350

170657

9548592

Substrate specificity of retinyl ester hydrolase activity in retinal pigment epithelium

1998

Mata, J.R.; Mata, N.L.; Tsin, A.T.C.

J. Lipid Res.

39

604-612

170660

8895060

Comparison of retinyl ester hydrolase activities in bovine liver and retinal pigment epithelium

1996

Mata, N.L.; Mata, J.R.; Tsin, A.T.C.

J. Lipid Res.

37

1947-1952

285602

3178842

A genuine organ specific alcohol dehydrogenase from hamster testes: isolation, characterization and developmental changes

1988

Keung, W.M.

Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.

156

38-45

285608

7876099

Expression and kinetic characterization of recombinant human stomach alcohol dehydrogenase. Active-site amino acid sequence explains substrate specificity copared with liver isozymes

1995

Kedishvili, N.Y.; Bosron, W.F.; Stone, C.L.; Hurley, T.D.; Peggs, C.F.; Thomasson, H.R.; Popov, K.M.; Carr, L.G.; Edenberg, H.J.; Li, T.K.

J. Biol. Chem.

270

3625-3630

285648

9059637

Mechanistic enzymology of liver alcohol dehydrogenase. Kinetic and stereochemical characterization of retinal oxidation and reduction

1996

Pocker, Y.; Li, H.

Adv. Exp.Med. Biol.

6

331-338

285650

8730210

Isolation and characterization of three alcohol dehydrogenase isozymes from Syrian golden hamster

1996

Keung, W.M.

Alcohol. Clin. Exp. Res.

20

213-220

285723

5972368

Retinol and alcohol dehydrogenases in retina and liver

1966

Koen, A.L.; Shaw, C.R.

Biochim. Biophys. Acta

128

48-54

285724

2292967

NAD+-dependent retinol dehydrogenase in liver microsomes

1990

Leo, M.A.; Lieber, C.S.

Methods Enzymol.

189

520-524

285725

3322195

NAD+-dependent retinol dehydrogenase in liver microsomes

1987

Leo, M.A.; Kim., C.I.; Lieber, C.S.

Arch. Biochem. Biophys.

259

241-249

285726

6994741

Enzymatic oxidation and reduction of retinal by mouse epidermis

1980

Kishore, G.S.; Boutwell, R.K.

Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.

94

1381-1386

285727

9677409

cDNA cloning and characterization of a new human microsomal NAD+-dependent dehydrogenase that oxidizes all-trans-retinol and 3alpha-hydroxysteroids

1998

Gough, W.H.; VanOoteghem, S.; Sint, T.; Kedishvili, N.Y.

J. Biol. Chem.

273

19778-19785

285728

10329026

Cloning and characterization of retinol dehydrogenase transcripts expressed in human epidermal keratinocytes

1999

Jurukovski, V.; Markova, N.G.; Karaman-Jurukovska, N.; Randolph, R.K.; Su, J.; Napoli, J.L.; Simon, M.

Mol. Genet. Metab.

67

62-73

286206

10473548

Structural and enzymatic properties of a gastric NADP(H)-dependent and retinal-active alcohol dehydrogenase

1999

Peralba, J.M.; Cederlund, E.; Crosas, B.; Moreno, A.; Julia, P.; Martinez, S.E.; Persson, B.; Farr s, J.; Pares, X.; Jornvall, H.

J. Biol. Chem.

274

26021-26026

287272

11250537

Co-ordinated induction of beta-caroten cleavage enzyme and retinal reductase in the duodenum of the developing chicks

2001

Tajima, S.; Goda, T.; Takase, S.

Comp. Biochem. Physiol. B

128

425-434

287274

9705317

Molecular characterization of a novel short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase that reduces all-trans-retinal

1998

Haeseleer, F.; Huang, J.; Lebiodas, L.; Saari, J.C.; Palczewski, K.

J. Biol. Chem.

273

21790-21799

287282

4300551

The enzymatic reduction of retinal to retinol in rat intestine

1968

Fidge, N.H.; Goodman, D.S.

J. Biol. Chem.

243

4372-4379

390266

9890568

Kinetic properties of the human liver cytosolic aldehyde dehydrogenase for retinal isomers

1999

Bhat, P.V.; Samaha, H.

Biochem. Pharmacol.

57

195-197

390425

3191151

Properties of retinal-oxidizing enzyme activity in rat kidney

1988

Bhat, P.; Poissant, L.; Lacroix, A.

Biochim. Biophys. Acta

967

211-217

487488

7061433

Retinol esterification by rat liver microsomes. Evidence for a fatty acyl coenzyme A: retinol acyltransferase

1982

Ross, A.C.

J. Biol. Chem.

257

2453-2459

487489

2292957

Acyl coenzyme A-dependent retinol esterification

1990

Ball, M.D.

Methods Enzymol.

189

446-449

487490

2292956

Measurement of acyl coenzyme A-dependent esterification of retinol

1990

Ross, A.C.

Methods Enzymol.

189

442-445

487491

2087167

Acyl-CoA:retinol acyltransferase and lecithin:retinol acyltransferase activities of bovine retinal pigment epithelial microsomes

1990

Saari, J.C.; Bredberg, D.L.

Methods Enzymol.

190

156-163

487492

3790609

Some properties and subcellular distribution of acyl-coenzyme A: retinol acyltransferase activity in rat testes

1987

Chaudhary, L.R.; Nelson, E.C.

Biochim. Biophys. Acta

917

24-32

487493

2292958

Assay of lecithin-retinol acyltransferase

1990

MacDonald, P.N.; Ong, D.E.

Methods Enzymol.

189

450-459

487494

21781696

2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin affects retinol esterification in rat hepatic stellate cells and kidney

1996

Nilsson, C.B.; Hanber, A.; Trossvik, C.; Haekansson, H.

Environ. Toxicol. Pharmacol.

2

17-23

487495

8371067

Radiation inactivation analysis of acyl-CoA:retinol acyltransferase and lecithin:retinol acyltransferase in rat liver

1993

Ross, A.C.; Kempner, E.S.

J. Lipid Res.

34

1201-1207

487496

9989277

Reduced lecithin:retinol acyl transferase activity in cultured squamous cell carcinoma lines results in increased substrate-driven retinoic acid synthesis

1999

Jurukovski, V.; Simon, M.

Biochim. Biophys. Acta

1436

479-490

487497

-

Esterification and hydrolysis of vitamin A in the liver of brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) and the influence of a coplanar polychlorinated biphenyl

1999

Ndayibagira, A.; Spear, P.A.

Comp. Biochem. Physiol. C

122C

317-325

638608

2722792

Lecithin:retinol acyltransferase in retinal pigment epithelial microsomes

1989

Saari, J.C.; Bredberg, D.L.

J. Biol. Chem.

264

8636-8640

638609

3410848

Evidence for a lecithin-retinol acyltransferase activity in the rat small intestine

1988

MacDonald, P.N.; Ong, D.E.

J. Biol. Chem.

263

12478-12482

638611

8448136

Kinetic mechanism of lecithin retinol acyl transferase

1993

Shi, Y.Q.; Hubacek, I.; Rando, R.R.

Biochemistry

32

1257-1263

638612

1322170

Differential interaction of lecithin-retinol acyltransferase with cellular retinol binding proteins

1992

Herr, F.M.; Ong, D.E.

Biochemistry

31

6748-6755

638613

3178828

A lecithin:retinol acyltransferase activity in human and rat liver

1988

MacDonald, P.N.; Ong, D.E.

Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.

156

157-163

638614

8460936

Regulation of hepatic lecithin:retinol acyltransferase activity by retinoic acid

1993

Matsuura, T.; Ross, A.C.

Arch. Biochem. Biophys.

301

221-227

638615

-

Retinol esterification in bovine retinal pigment epithelium: reversibility of lecithin:retinol acyltransferase

1993

Saari, J.C.; Bredberg, D.L.; Farrell, D.F.

Biochem. J.

291

697-700

638616

9039821

Lecithin:retinol acyltransferase and retinyl ester hydrolase activities are differentially regulated by retinoids and have distinct distributions between hepatocyte and nonparenchymal cell fractions of rat liver

1997

Matsuura, T.; Gad, M.Z.; Harrison, E.H.; Ross, A.C.

J. Nutr.

127

218-224

638617

9920938

Molecular and biochemical characterization of lecithin retinol acyltransferase

1999

Ruiz, A.; Winston, A.; Lim, Y.H.; Gilbert, B.A.; Rando, R.R.; Bok, D.

J. Biol. Chem.

274

3834-3841

638618

10819989

Lecithin retinol acyltransferase contains cysteine residues essential for catalysis

2000

Mondal, M.S.; Ruiz, A.; Bok, D.; Rando, R.R.

Biochemistry

39

5215-5220

638619

11108736

Lecithin:retinol acyltransferase from mouse and rat liver: cDNA cloning and liver-specific regulation by dietary vitamin A and retinoic acid

2000

Zolfaghari, R.; Ross, A.C.

J. Lipid Res.

41

2024-2034

638620

10800690

Molecular characterization of lecithin-retinol acyltransferase

2000

Ruiz, A.; Bok, D.

Methods Enzymol.

316

400-413

638621

11231005

Two histidine residues are essential for catalysis by lecithin retinol acyl transferase

2001

Mondal, M.S.; Ruiz, A.; Hu, J.; Bok, D.; Rando, R.R.

FEBS Lett.

489

14-18

638622

11912136

Retinol metabolism and lecithin:retinol acyltransferase levels are reduced in cultured human prostate cancer cells and tissue specimens

2002

Guo, X.; Knudsen, B.S.; Peehl, D.M.; Ruiz, A.; Bok, D.; Rando, R.R.; Rhim, J.S.; Nanus, D.M.; Gudas, L.J.

Cancer Res.

62

1654-1661

638623

12009892

Lecithin retinol acyltransferase forms functional homodimers

2002

Jahng, W.J.; Cheung, E.; Rando, R.R.

Biochemistry

41

6311-6319

638625

11969222

Membrane-bound lecithin-retinol acyltransferase

2002

Rando, R.R.

Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.

292

1243-1250

645776

6173569

Hydroxysteroid sulfotransferase

1981

Lyon, E.S.; Marcus, C.J.; Wang, J.L.; Jakoby, W.B.

Methods Enzymol.

77

206-213

649985

10769148

Hydrolysis of retinyl esters by pancreatic triglyceride lipase

2000

Van Bennekum, A.M.; Fisher, E.A.; Blaner, W.S.; Harrison, E.H.

Biochemistry

39

4900-4906

651131

12230550

Identification of microsomal rat liver carboxylesterases and their activity with retinyl palmitate

2002

Sanghani, S.P.; Davis, W.I.; Dumaual, N.G.; Mahrenholz, A.; Bosron, W.F.

Eur. J. Biochem.

269

4387-4398

652623

11722679

Cholesterol esterase activities in commercial pancreatic enzyme preparations and implications for use in pancreatic insufficient cystic fibrosis

2001

Walters, M.P.; Conway, S.P.

J. Clin. Pharm. Ther.

26

425-431

654370

15369820

Kinetics of human alcohol dehydrogenase with ring-oxidized retinoids: effect of Tween 80

2004

Martras, S.; Alvarez, R.; Gallego, O.; Dominguez, M.; de Lera, A.R.; Farres, J.; Pares, X.

Arch. Biochem. Biophys.

430

210-217

654431

12646198

13-cis-retinoic acid competitively inhibits 3alpha-hydroxysteroid oxidation by retinol dehydrogenase RoDH-4: a mechanism for its anti-androgenic effects in sebaceous glands?

2003

Karlsson, T.; Vahlquist, A.; Kedishvili, N.; Torma, H.

Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.

303

273-278

654553

12754104

Enzymatic characterization of recombinant mouse retinal dehydrogenase type 1

2003

Gagnon, I.; Duester, G.; Bhat, P.V.

Biochem. Pharmacol.

65

1685-1690

654687

14674758

Properties of short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase RalR1: characterization of purified enzyme, its orientation in the microsomal membrane, and distribution in human tissues and cell lines

2003

Belyaeva, O.V.; Stetsenko, A.V.; Nelson, P.; Kedishvili, N.Y.

Biochemistry

42

14838-14845

654713

12534290

Differential recognition of the free versus bound retinol by human microsomal retinol/sterol dehydrogenases: characterization of the holo-CRBP dehydrogenase activity of RoDH-4

2003

Lapshina, E.A.; Belyaeva, O.V.; Chumakova, O.V.; Kedishvili, N.Y.

Biochemistry

42

776-784

655197

11964133

Identification and characterisation of two allelic forms of human alcohol dehydrogenase 2

2002

Stroemberg, P.; Svensson, S.; Hedberg, J.J.; Nordling, E.; Hoog, J.O.

Cell. Mol. Life Sci.

59

552-559

655479

15096205

The specificity of alcohol dehydrogenase with cis-retinoids. Activity with 11-cis-retinol and localization in retina

2004

Martras, S.; Alvarez, R.; Martinez, S.E.; Torres, D.; Gallego, O.; Duester, G.; Farres, J.; de Lera, A.R.; Pares, X.

Eur. J. Biochem.

271

1660-1670

655563

12435598

Human pancreas protein 2 (PAN2) has a retinal reductase activity and is ubiquitously expressed in human tissues

2002

Belyaeva, O.V.; Kedishvili, N.Y.

FEBS Lett.

531

489-493

656058

11997393

Kinetic mechanism of human class IV alcohol dehydrogenase functioning as retinol dehydrogenase

2002

Chou, C.F.; Lai, C.L.; Chang, Y.C.; Duester, G.; Yin, S.J.

J. Biol. Chem.

277

25209-25216

656064

12036956

Evidence that the human gene for prostate short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase (PSDR1) encodes a novel retinal reductase (RalR1)

2002

Kedishvili, N.Y.; Chumakova, O.V.; Chetyrkin, S.V.; Belyaeva, O.V.; Lapshina, E.A.; Lin, D.W.; Matsumura, M.; Nelson, P.S.

J. Biol. Chem.

277

28909-28915

656098

12226107

Dual-substrate specificity short chain retinol dehydrogenases from the vertebrate retina

2002

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