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Ligand Phospholipid

Basic Ligand Information

Molecular Structure

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Roles as Enzyme Ligand

In Vivo Substrate in Enzyme-catalyzed Reactions (10 results)

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Show Natural Substrate (10 entries)

EC NUMBER

PROVEN IN VIVO REACTION

REACTION DIAGRAM

LITERATURE

ENZYME 3D STRUCTURE

2.3.1.158

phospholipid + 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol = lysophospholipid + triacylglycerol

720737, 758363, 758030, 720694

-

2.3.1.158

phospholipid + 1,2-diacylglycerol = lysophospholipid + triacylglycerol

393082, 393081, 660241

-

2.3.1.158

2 entries

2.3.1.269

a phosphoglycerolipid + an [apolipoprotein]-S-1,2-diacyl-sn-glyceryl-L-cysteine = a 1-lyso-phosphoglycerolipid + a [lipoprotein]-N-acyl-S-1,2-diacyl-sn-glyceryl-L-cysteine

748140, 747066, 747801, 748078, 748084, 748159, 748683, 747441, 756949, 757766, 758353, 758448, 747413, 757623

-

2.4.1.54

GDPmannose + phospholipid = GDP + mannosyl-1-phospholipid

489290

-

3.1.1.4

phospholipid + H2O = lysophospholipid + fatty acid

678389

-

3.1.1.4

phospholipids + H2O = ?

133889, 715555, 133914, 133871, 133873, 133904, 133918, 133877, 133880, 133920, 133928, 133874, 133893, 133905, 133911, 133915, 133922, 133923, 133924, 133925, 133926, 133927, 133929, 133886, 133908, 133876, 133909, 133912, 716965, 133878, 133903, 133906, 133913, 133921, 133899, 133866, 133867, 133879, 133910, 133916, 133917, 133883, 133898, 133919, 133884, 133864, 133868, 133870, 133875, 133892, 133933, 133863, 133887, 133894, 133869, 133885, 133888, 133882, 133872, 133881, 133891, 133890, 133897, 133895, 133865, 133901, 133907

-

3.1.1.47

phospholipid + H2O = ?

669150

-

3.1.1.47

phospholipids + H2O = ?

669702

-

3.1.4.4

phospholipid + alcohol = phospholipid + alcohol

135440, 135441, 135451, 135449, 135452, 135454, 135438, 135426, 135427, 135428, 135456

-

3.1.4.4

phospholipid + H2O = phosphatidic acid + alcohol

135446, 135440, 135441, 135451, 135429, 135433, 135447, 135448, 135449, 135452, 135450, 135454, 135430, 135445, 135444, 135458, 135436, 135438, 135431, 135426, 135432, 135442, 135427, 135457, 135428, 135455, 135437, 135435, 135434, 135439, 135456, 135443

-

3.1.1.4

2 entries

3.1.1.47

2 entries

3.1.4.4

2 entries

In Vivo Product in Enzyme-catalyzed Reactions (2 results)

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Show Natural Product (2 entries)

EC NUMBER

PROVEN IN VIVO REACTION

REACTION DIAGRAM

LITERATURE

ENZYME 3D STRUCTURE

3.1.1.47

F2-isoprostane phospholipid + H2O = F2-isoprostane + phospholipid

0

-

3.1.4.4

phospholipid + alcohol = phospholipid + alcohol

0

-

Substrate in Enzyme-catalyzed Reactions (28 results)

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Show Substrate (28 entries)

EC NUMBER

REACTION

REACTION DIAGRAM

LITERATURE

ENZYME 3D STRUCTURE

2.1.1.79

S-adenosyl-L-methionine + phospholipids = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + phospholipid + cyclopropane fatty acid

685391

-

2.3.1.148

1-Alkyl-2-lyso-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + phospholipid = ?

16275

-

2.3.1.148

1-Hexadecyl-2-lyso-glycerophosphocholine + phospholipid = ?

16278

-

2.3.1.148

lyso-Pasmenylethanolamine + phospholipid = ?

16278

-

2.3.1.148

lyso-Phosphatidylethanolamine + phospholipid = Phosphatidylethanolamine + lyso-phospholipid

16278

-

2.3.1.148

lyso-Phosphatidylinositol + phospholipid = Phosphatidylinositol + lyso-phospholipid

16278

-

2.3.1.148

lyso-Phosphatidylserine + phospholipid = Phosphatidylserine + lyso-phospholipid

16278

-

2.3.1.158

phospholipid + 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol = lysophospholipid + triacylglycerol

720737, 758363, 758030, 720694, 755830

-

2.3.1.158

phospholipid + 1,2-diacylglycerol = lysophospholipid + triacylglycerol

393082, 393081, 660241

-

2.3.1.158

phospholipid + 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycerol = lysophospholipid + 3-acyl-1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycerol

684576

-

2.3.1.269

a phosphoglycerolipid + an [apolipoprotein]-S-1,2-diacyl-sn-glyceryl-L-cysteine = a 1-lyso-phosphoglycerolipid + a [lipoprotein]-N-acyl-S-1,2-diacyl-sn-glyceryl-L-cysteine

748140, 747066, 747801, 748078, 748084, 748159, 748683, 747441, 756949, 757766, 758353, 758448, 747413, 757623

-

2.3.1.269

a phosphoglycerolipid + [apolipoprotein LolC]-S-1,2-diacyl-sn-glyceryl-L-cysteine = a 1-lyso-phosphoglycerolipid + [lipoprotein LolC]-N-acyl-S-1,2-diacyl-sn-glyceryl-L-cysteine

748084

-

2.3.1.269

a phosphoglycerolipid + [apolipoprotein LolE]-S-1,2-diacyl-sn-glyceryl-L-cysteine = a 1-lyso-phosphoglycerolipid + [lipoprotein LolE]-N-acyl-S-1,2-diacyl-sn-glyceryl-L-cysteine

748084

-

2.3.1.269

a phosphoglycerolipid + [apolipoprotein Lppx]-S-1,2-diacyl-sn-glyceryl-L-cysteine = a 1-lyso-phosphoglycerolipid + [lipoprotein Lppx]-N-acyl-S-1,2-diacyl-sn-glyceryl-L-cysteine

748164

-

2.3.1.269

a phosphoglycerolipid + [apolipoprotein Lpp]-S-1,2-diacyl-sn-glyceryl-L-cysteine = a 1-lyso-phosphoglycerolipid + [lipoprotein Lpp]-N-acyl-S-1,2-diacyl-sn-glyceryl-L-cysteine

748078, 748084, 748159, 748169

-

2.3.1.269

a phosphoglycerolipid + [apolipoprotein MalE]-S-1,2-diacyl-sn-glyceryl-L-cysteine = a 1-lyso-phosphoglycerolipid + [lipoprotein MalE]-N-acyl-S-1,2-diacyl-sn-glyceryl-L-cysteine

748159

-

2.3.1.269

a phosphoglycerolipid + [apolipoprotein NlpD]-S-1,2-diacyl-sn-glyceryl-L-cysteine = a 1-lyso-phosphoglycerolipid + [lipoprotein NlpD]-N-acyl-S-1,2-diacyl-sn-glyceryl-L-cysteine

748159

-

2.3.1.269

a phosphoglycerolipid + [apolipoprotein OmpA]-S-1,2-diacyl-sn-glyceryl-L-cysteine = a 1-lyso-phosphoglycerolipid + [lipoprotein OmpA]-N-acyl-S-1,2-diacyl-sn-glyceryl-L-cysteine

748084

-

2.3.1.269

a phosphoglycerolipid + [apolipoprotein Pal]-S-1,2-diacyl-sn-glyceryl-L-cysteine = a 1-lyso-phosphoglycerolipid + [lipoprotein Pal]-N-acyl-S-1,2-diacyl-sn-glyceryl-L-cysteine

748084

-

2.3.1.269

a phosphoglycerolipid + [factor H binding protein]-S-1,2-diacyl-sn-glyceryl-L-cysteine = ?

747441

-

2.3.1.148

6 entries

2.3.1.158

3 entries

2.3.1.269

10 entries

2.4.1.54

GDPmannose + phospholipid = GDP + mannosyl-1-phospholipid

489290

-

2.7.8.6

UDPgalactose + phospholipid = UMP + galactose-1-diphospho-lipid

645392

-

3.1.1.4

phospholipid + H2O = lysophospholipid + fatty acid

678389

-

3.1.1.4

phospholipids + H2O = ?

133889, 715555, 133914, 133871, 133873, 133904, 133918, 133877, 133880, 133920, 133928, 133874, 133893, 133905, 133911, 133915, 133922, 133923, 133924, 133925, 133926, 133927, 133929, 133886, 133908, 133876, 133909, 133912, 716965, 133878, 133903, 133906, 133913, 133921, 133899, 133866, 133867, 133879, 133910, 133916, 133917, 133883, 133898, 133919, 133884, 133864, 133868, 133870, 133875, 133892, 133933, 133863, 133887, 133894, 133869, 133885, 133888, 133882, 133872, 133881, 133891, 133890, 133897, 133895, 133865, 133901, 133907, 708252

-

3.1.1.47

phospholipid + H2O = ?

669150

-

3.1.1.47

phospholipids + H2O = ?

669702

-

3.1.4.4

phospholipid + alcohol = phospholipid + alcohol

135440, 135441, 135451, 135449, 135452, 135454, 135438, 135426, 135427, 135428, 135456

-

3.1.4.4

phospholipid + H2O = phosphatidic acid + alcohol

691799, 697319, 135446, 135440, 135441, 135451, 135429, 135433, 135447, 135448, 135449, 135452, 135450, 135454, 135430, 135445, 135444, 135458, 135436, 135438, 135431, 135426, 135432, 135442, 135427, 135457, 135428, 135455, 135437, 135435, 135434, 135439, 135456, 135443

-

3.1.1.4

2 entries

3.1.1.47

2 entries

3.1.4.4

2 entries

Product in Enzyme-catalyzed Reactions (4 results)

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Show Product (4 entries)

EC NUMBER

REACTION

REACTION DIAGRAM

LITERATURE

ENZYME 3D STRUCTURE

1.11.1.12

glutathione + phospholipid hydroperoxide = oxidized glutathione + phospholipid + H2O

0

-

2.1.1.79

S-adenosyl-L-methionine + phospholipids = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + phospholipid + cyclopropane fatty acid

0

-

3.1.1.47

F2-isoprostane phospholipid + H2O = F2-isoprostane + phospholipid

0

-

3.1.4.4

phospholipid + alcohol = phospholipid + alcohol

0

-

Enzyme Cofactor/Cosubstrate (3 results)

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Show Cofactor (3 entries)

EC NUMBER

COMMENTARY

LITERATURE

ENZYME 3D STRUCTURE

3.4.21.6

part of the prothrombinase complex, reduce the inhibitory effect of 3-chloro-N-[2-[[(4-fluorophenyl)amino]carbonyl]-4-methylphenyl]benzo[b]thiophene-2-carboxamide

649797

-

7.1.1.8

-

439947, 439979, 440012

-

7.1.1.8

prosthetic group

440012

-

7.1.1.8

2 entries

Activator in Enzyme-catalyzed Reactions (149 results)

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Show Activating Compound (149 entries)

EC NUMBER

COMMENTARY

LITERATURE

ENZYME 3D STRUCTURE

1.1.1.30

absolutely dependent on

655261

-

1.1.5.3

detergent-depleted enzyme requires exogenous phospholipid or nondenaturing detergent for activity

287818

-

1.1.5.4

activates

287619

-

1.1.5.4

activity of purified enzyme is dependent on added phospholipid

287730

-

1.1.5.4

in absence of either cardiolipin or vitamin K-3 the enzyme shows about 3% of maximal activity

287734

-

1.1.5.4

the nature of the phospholipid required to activate the enzyme depends on the nature of the quinone used in the assay system. When 2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone is used, a wide variety of phospholipids, including all these isolated from the organism, will activate the enzyme, but when coenzyme Q9 is used the phospholipid specificity of the enzyme is much more restricted, and the most effective activator is the unsaturated phosphatidylethanolamine isolated from the organism

696072

-

1.1.5.4

4 entries

1.12.2.1

H2-production from reduced methyl viologen requires phospholipids

674919

-

1.14.15.3

enhances enzyme activity

285364

-

1.14.15.6

cholesterol gains access to the cytochrome within micelles

285413

-

1.14.15.6

inclusion of P-450 into vesicles

285414

-

1.14.15.6

P-450scc reconstituted in vesicles, cholate-solubilized for small unilamellar dioleoylphosphatidylcholine vesicles, non-ionic detergent n-octyl glucoside used for large ones

285420

-

1.14.16.1

activate

438654, 438716, 438714, 438715, 438731

-

1.14.16.1

increase in activity in the presence of tetrahydrobiopterin but not in the presence of synthetic pterin cofactors

438731

-

1.14.16.2

activates

438697

-

1.14.16.2

no stimulation

438698

-

1.14.15.6

3 entries

1.14.16.1

2 entries

1.14.16.2

2 entries

1.14.16.5

required for expression of full activity

438640

-

1.17.4.4

time-dependent inactivation of enzyme activity after phosphlipase A treatment

287715

-

1.21.99.3

no influence on the kinetic parameters of 5-deiodinase activity of isozyme type III in placenta, but essential for activity

644798

-

1.3.1.22

stimulate

390652

-

1.3.1.70

partially purified enzyme: activation

288490

-

1.3.3.3

2-4fold activation

390949

-

1.3.3.3

effective in decreasing the amount of intermediate accumulation, oxidation of 2,4-bis(beta-hydroxypropionic acid) deuteroporphyrinogen IX not activated

390965

-

1.3.3.3

2 entries

1.3.5.1

activation

391082

-

1.6.1.2

-

392646

-

1.6.1.2

approx. 15fold stimulation of partially purified enzyme with crude Escherichia coli lipid fraction

392645

-

1.6.1.2

approx. 2.5fold activation 120 min after sonication with mitochondrial phospholipids

392640

-

1.6.1.2

3 entries

1.8.4.2

slight activation by all phospholipids tested except for phosphatidic acid and phosphatidylserine, highest activation by phosphatidylethanolamine

394847

-

2.1.1.11

increase enzymatic activity 3-4fold

684982

-

2.3.1.15

-

486358, 486359, 486362, 486349, 486351

-

2.3.1.15

absolutely required

486367, 486368, 486381

-

2.3.1.15

activation, e.g. phosphatidylglycerol and cardiolipin, i.e. diphosphatidyl glycerol, ratio 2/1, protect against inhibition by palmitoyl-CoA

486357

-

2.3.1.15

bilayers required for activity: phosphatidylethanolamine/-glycerol, ratio 4/1, phosphatidylethanolamine/cardiolipin, ratio 4/1

486367, 486368

-

2.3.1.15

phosphatidylethanolamine/phosphatidylglycerol/cardiolipin, ratio 6/1/1

486372

-

2.3.1.15

reconstituted activity of Triton X-100-solubilized enzyme, maximal reconstitution at a phospholipid/Triton X-100 ratio of 20/1

486357

-

2.3.1.15

required for activity

486392

-

2.3.1.15

solubilization and reconstitution in phospholipids activates latent glycerol 3-phosphate activity

486361

-

2.3.1.20

-

486492

-

2.3.1.20

microsomal

486491

-

2.3.1.15

8 entries

2.3.1.20

2 entries

2.3.1.21

e.g. phosphatidylcholine, cardiolipin, stimulate

486570

-

2.3.1.22

phosphatidylcholine/phosphatidylserine at 0.025 mg/ml stimulates 80%

486598

-

2.3.1.42

-

486956

-

2.3.1.42

activation, e.g. phosphatidylcholine, dilauroylphosphatidylcholine

486953, 486957

-

2.3.1.42

at low concentration: phosphatidylserine and phosphatidylethanolamine, both inhibitory at high concentration

486953

-

2.3.1.42

crude peroxisomal phospholipids

486953

-

2.3.1.42

phosphatidylglycerol

486953

-

2.3.1.42

stimulates partially purified enzyme, not membrane-bound

486974

-

2.3.1.42

6 entries

2.4.1.117

required, phosphatidylethanolamine most effective

488484

-

2.4.1.142

-

636890

-

2.4.1.16

required, phosphatidylserine and lysophosphatidylserine are the best activators

488654

-

2.4.1.17

-

488801

-

2.4.1.17

2fold activation of glucuronidation of 3-hydroxybenzo[a]pyrene, between 3fold and 4fold activation of glucuronidation of phenolphthalein

488722

-

2.4.1.17

activities of GT1P and GT2P are stimulated

488726

-

2.4.1.17

effect of various phospholipids

488718

-

2.4.1.17

estrone UDP-glucuronosyltransferase is inactive in absence of phospholipids, 300fold stimulation by phospholipids. 4-nitrophenol UDP-glucuronosyltransferase is active in absence of phospholipids, but stimulated between 3fold and 4fold in their presence

488765

-

2.4.1.17

no effect on glucuronidation of 1-naphthol, 4-nitrophenol, testosterone, 4-methylumbelliferone, morphine

488722

-

2.4.1.173

not stimulatory

208429

-

2.4.1.173

phosphatidylcholine + phosphatidylglycerol or phosphatidylcholine + phosphatidic acid increase Vmax and Km with respect to phosphatidylcholine alone

637772

-

2.4.1.173

phosphatidylcholine or phosphatidylglycerol increase Vmax

637768

-

2.4.1.173

stimulated by negatively charged phospholipids

637768, 637772

-

2.4.1.173

stimulation of activity by solubilization of enzyme still membrane-bound

637778

-

2.4.1.173

the highest Vmax and Km is observed for the ratios 3:1 of phosphatidylcholine + phosphatidylglycerol and 3:1 phosphatidylcholine + phosphatidic acid

637772

-

2.4.1.44

effect on several strains, overview

489211

-

2.4.1.44

phosphatidylethanolamine most effective

489212

-

2.4.1.44

required for activity

489211, 489212

-

2.4.1.47

addition to incubation mixture containing Triton X-100 increases activity

489216

-

2.4.1.47

optimum phospholipid requirement of phosphatidylethanolamine: phosphatidylcholine of 5:1 with 2.5fold stimulation, Na cholate prevents stimulation

489219

-

2.4.1.58

-

489300

-

2.4.1.58

activates, minimal activity in absence

489300

-

2.4.1.58

requirement

489212

-

2.4.1.17

6 entries

2.4.1.173

6 entries

2.4.1.44

3 entries

2.4.1.47

2 entries

2.4.1.58

3 entries

2.4.1.83

no absolute requirement for phospholipid, the phospholipid is required for interaction of the enzyme with the long chain polyisoprenol substrate dolichyl phosphate

489431

-

2.5.1.31

-

637485

-

2.5.1.31

phospholipid extract from Micrococcus luteus stimulates

637481

-

2.5.1.39

required, 3fold activation

637000

-

2.5.1.39

strongly activated by phospholipid extracted from the bacterial cell, phosphatidylethanolamine is most effective

637001

-

2.7.1.107

a combination of diacylglycerol and phospholipid exclusively leads to full activation

640379

-

2.7.1.107

activation by phospholipid is not stereospecific and is mimicked partially by fatty acids

640369

-

2.7.1.107

enhances activity. Activation of phospholipids in the order of decreasing efficiency: phosphatidylcholine, lysophosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylserine, sphingomyelin

640370

-

2.7.1.107

purified enzyme is completely devoid of activity without addition of phospholipid or deoxycholate

640354

-

2.5.1.31

2 entries

2.5.1.39

2 entries

2.7.1.107

4 entries

2.7.1.94

e.g. phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine or sphingomyelin, inhibition alone, synergistic activation with the protein peak eluted from hydroxylapatite by 25 mM phosphate

642127

-

2.7.11.13

-

491096

-

2.7.11.13

activity is dependent on

491096

-

2.7.11.13

dependent on

491204

-

2.7.11.13

significantly dependent on phospholipid when assayed with calf thymus H1 histone as a phosphate acceptor protein

491098

-

2.7.11.13

stimulates

491169

-

2.7.11.13

strict dependence on the presence of phospholipids

491049

-

2.7.11.13

activate

671653

-

2.7.11.13

regulatory function for isozymes alpha, betaI, betaII, gamma, delta, epsilon, eta, and theta

662928

-

2.7.11.13

8 entries

2.7.11.15

required for phosphorylation of beta2-AR, activation is associated with a conformational change in beta-ARK 1, acidic phospholipid specificity, not activated by phosphatidylinositol 4,5-diphosphate, direct regulation of beta-ARK 1 activity by phospholipids

645028

-

2.7.11.16

activate GRK5

661455

-

2.7.8.1

absolute requirement

644347, 644353

-

2.7.8.13

phospholipide sensitive to phospholipase necessary for enzymatic activity

645334

-

2.7.8.14

required

645346

-

2.7.8.15

endogenous microsomal phospholipid is required for reaction to proceed normally in rat lung microsomes

645352

-

2.7.8.15

solubilized enzyme is stimulated by exogenously added phospholipids in order of increasing activity: phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylserine

645351

-

2.7.8.2

absolute requirement

644353

-

2.7.8.2

activation

644347

-

2.7.8.2

microsomal phospholipids required for maximal activity

644363

-

2.7.8.2

phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine or lysophosphatidylethanolamine activates, lysophosphatidylcholine inhibits

644354

-

2.7.8.2

total microsomal phospholipids stimulate

644343

-

2.7.8.15

2 entries

2.7.8.2

5 entries

3.1.1.3

enhances the hydrophobic character of the lipid binding domain of the enzyme responsible for its penetration into organized lipid structure

80853

-

3.1.1.4

IPLA-1 binds directly to multiple acidic phospholipids, including phosphatidylserine, phosphatidylglycerol, cardiolipin, phosphatidic acid, and phosphorylated derivatives of phosphatidylinositol. Presence of phospholipids in mixed micelles stimualtes activiy compared to micelles consisting of palmitoyl-sn-glycerophosphocholine

729999

-

3.1.1.79

-

654152

-

3.2.1.45

the full catalytic activity requires phospholipid interfaces

656804

-

3.3.2.9

the enzyme is tightly associated with phospholipids

663275

-

3.4.14.5

activates

36262

-

3.4.21.22

increases the activation of factor X

95337

-

3.4.21.22

provided by platelet surface

669860

-

3.4.21.22

the reaction is performed by the intrinsic FX-activating complex consisting of FIXa and FVIIIa on a negatively charged phospholipid surface in presence of Ca2+

683827

-

3.4.21.22

factor IXa acts as part of phosphocholine/phosphoserine vesicles interacting with factor VIIIa in the intrinsic tenase complex

683165

-

3.4.21.22

the vesicles binding the enzyme consist of 40% phosphatidylcholine, 20% phosphatidylserine, and 40% phosphatidylethanolamine

683821

-

3.4.21.6

factor Xa forms the prothrombin-converting complex with factor V, phospholipid and Ca2+

81417, 81420

-

3.4.21.6

required for hydrolysis of prothrombin

81421

-

3.4.21.6

-

683178

-

3.4.21.6

dependent on

731389

-

3.4.21.6

interaction via Lys14 of the Gla-domain

650582

-

3.4.21.60

+ Ca2+, stimulates

29415

-

3.4.21.60

stimulates activation of both prothrombin and prethrombin 2, activation of prethrombin 1 is insensitive

29416

-

3.4.21.69

-

717795

-

3.4.21.69

accelerates cleavages at Arg506, Arg679 and Arg306 to a different extent

29605

-

3.4.21.69

vesicles of 20% phosphatidylserine, 40% phosphatidylcholine, and 40% phosphatidylethanolamine

718424

-

3.4.21.69

-

683648, 683653

-

3.4.21.89

stimulate

29826

-

3.4.21.89

stimulates enzymatic activity

651692

-

3.4.21.22

5 entries

3.4.21.6

5 entries

3.4.21.60

2 entries

3.4.21.69

4 entries

3.4.21.89

2 entries

3.4.22.37

activation of prothrombin cleavage in presence of Ca2+ by HRgpA not RgpB, 1.5fold at 0.04 mg/ml

652125

-

3.4.23.18

activation, acetone-washed membrane-bound enzyme

30575

-

3.4.23.49

lipid-protein interactions

661616

-

3.6.1.27

-

687718

-

3.6.5.5

acidic phospholipids, cooperative interactions between dynamin molecules are responsible for the apparent activation of GTPase observed

644188

-

3.6.5.5

mixed-lineage kinase 2-SH2 domain binds dynamin and greatly enhances activation of GTPase by phospholipid

644183

-

3.6.5.5

stimulates GTPase activity of dynamin

697337

-

3.6.5.5

3 entries

4.1.1.98

-

729319

-

4.1.99.5

requirement, dose-dependent stimulation, phosphatidylcholine is preferred, phopshatidylserine and phopshatidylethanolamine substitute less effectively

648395

-

6.2.1.7

addition of phospholipids is necessary to restore the activity of the delipidated enzyme stabilized by high concentrations of glucose and sucrose

833

-

6.4.1.2

stimulate

37591

-

7.1.1.9

100% stimulation

396088

-

7.1.1.9

10fold activation

396077

-

7.1.1.9

activation

396076, 396075, 396090

-

7.1.2.1

activated 3fold to 6fold by soybean phospholipids

246946

-

7.1.2.1

activated by exogenous phospholipids

246946

-

7.1.2.1

requires added phospholid for maximal activity

246938

-

7.1.3.1

-

746953, 748138

-

7.1.3.1

the enzyme reaction is stimulated by exogenous phospholipid in the presence of detergent

748137

-

7.1.1.9

3 entries

7.1.2.1

3 entries

7.1.3.1

2 entries

7.2.2.12

solubilized ZntA is increased in the presence of negatively charged phospholipids and at slightly acidic pH. Among the most abundant naturally accuring phospholipids, only phosphatidyl-glycerol enhances the in vitro ATPase activity of TntA. Relipidation of detergent-purified ZntA with 1,2-dioleoylphosphatidyl-glycerol increases the ATPase activity 4fold compared to the purified state. Among the phosphatidylglycerol family, highest activity is observed for 1,2-dioleoyl-phosphatidylglycerol followed by 1,2-dimyristoyl-phosphatidylglycerol, 1,2-dipalmitoyl-phosphatidylglycerol and 1,2-distearoyl-phosphatidylglycerol

667819

-

7.2.2.8

addition of phospholipids leads to a significant increase in CopA phosphomonoesterase turnover

749955

-

7.2.4.5

no stimulation

648355

-

7.2.4.5

stimulates enzyme

648355

-

7.2.4.5

2 entries

7.4.2.5

stimulated up to 4fold by phospholipids with an optimum at 74°C. Membrane vesicles and proteoliposomes containing SecYE and SecYEG support 2fold to 4fold stimulation of the precursor dependent SecA ATPase activity

668535

-

7.5.2.6

stimulate the ATPase activity of the purified enzyme

751011

-

7.6.2.1

The activity of purified MsbA is dependent upon the presence of phospholipids.

656078

-

Inhibitor in Enzyme-catalyzed Reactions (6 results)

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Show Inhibitors (6 entries)

EC NUMBER

COMMENTARY

LITERATURE

ENZYME 3D STRUCTURE

1.21.99.3

no inhibition of placental isozyme type III

644798

-

1.21.99.3

possible regulatory role

644790

-

1.21.99.3

2 entries

2.3.1.51

activity inhibited by high concentrations of

687752

-

2.4.1.132

stable bilayer forming, e.g. phosphatidylcholine, restorable by addition of cholesterol, dolichol and dolichol-derivatives

636753

-

2.7.8.2

phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine or lysophosphatidylethanolamine activates, lysophosphatidylcholine inhibits

644354

-

3.1.2.27

at high concentrations

660497

-

Enzyme Kinetic Parameters

References & Links

Literature References (292)

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Show Reference (292 entries)

BRENDA REFERENCE ID

PUBMED ID

TITLE

YEAR

AUTHORS

JOURNAL

VOLUME

PAGES

833

8908353

Stabilisation and partial purification of Triton X-100 solubilised trihydroxycoprostanoyl-CoA synthetase from rat liver

1996

Van Veldhoven, P.P.; Asselberghs, S.; Eyssen, H.J.; Mannaerts, G.P.

Biochem. Mol. Biol. Int.

40

447-457

16275

4008481

Acylation of lysophospholipids by rabbit alveolar macrophages

1985

Robinson, M.; Blank, M.L.; Snyder, F.

J. Biol. Chem.

260

7889-7895

16278

1641397

The role of transacylases in the metabolism of arachidonate and platelet activating factor

1992

Snyder, F.; Lee, T.C.; Blank, M.L.

Prog. Lipid Res.

31

65-86

29415

3531198

Prothrombin activation by an activator from the venom of Oxyuranus scutellatus (Taipan snake)

1986

Speijer, H.; Govers-Riemslag, J.W.P.; Zwaal, R.F.A.; Rosing, J.

J. Biol. Chem.

261

13258-13267

29416

6986908

Characterization of the prothrombin activator from the venom of Oxyuranus scutellatus scutellatus (taipan venom)

1980

Walker, F.J.; Owen, W.G.; Esmon, C.T.

Biochemistry

19

1020-1023

29605

7673148

Peptide bond cleavages and loss of functional activity during inactivation of factor Va and factor VaR506Q by activated protein C

1995

Nicolaes, G.A.F.; Tans, G.; Thomassen, C.L.G.D.; Hemker, H.C.; Pabinger, I.; Varadi, K.; Schwarz, H.P.; Rosing, J.

J. Biol. Chem.

270

21158-21166

29826

7696258

Characterization of a soluble, catalytically active form of Escherichia coli leader peptidase: requirement of detergent or phospholipid for optimal activity

1995

Tschantz, W.R.; Paetzel, M.; Cao, G.; Suciu, D.; Inouye, M.; Dalbey, R.E.

Biochemistry

34

3935-3941

30575

25177

Purification and characterization of the two molecular forms of membrane acid protease from Aspergillus oryzae

1978

Tsujita, Y.; Endo, A.

Eur. J. Biochem.

84

347-353

36262

1971178

Purification and properties of dipeptidyl peptidase IV from human urine

1990

Chikuma, T.; Hama, T.; Nagatsu, T.; Kumegawa, M.; Kato, T.

Biol. Chem. Hoppe-Seyler

371

325-330

37591

235695

Acetyl-CoA carboxylase from rat mammary gland

1975

Miller, A.L.; Levy, H.R.

Methods Enzymol.

35B

11-17

80853

-

Activities and interfacial properties of Rhizopus delemar and porcine pancreatic lipases after treatment with phospholipids

1986

Sugihara, A.; Gargouri, Y.; Pieroni, G.; Riviere, C.; Saeda, L.; Verger, R.

Biochemistry

25

3430-3434

81417

1012042

The activation of bovine coagulation factor X

1976

Jesty, J.; Nemerson, Y.

Methods Enzymol.

45

95-107

81420

4859248

Chemical characterization of fragments produced in the conversion of bovine prothrombin to thrombin by activated factor X

1974

Morita, T.; Nishibe, H.; Iwanaga, S.; Sukumi, T.

FEBS Lett.

38

345-350

81421

4809530

The conversion of prothrombin to thrombin. I. Characterization of the reaction products formed during the activation of bovine prothrombin

1974

Owen, W.G.; Esmon, C.T.; Jackson, C.M.

J. Biol. Chem.

249

594-605

95337

3511981

Structure, function and molecular defects of factor IX

1986

Thompson, A.R.

Blood

67

565-572

133863

10461922

Regional distribution, ontogeny, purification, and characterization of the Ca2+-independent phospholipase A2 from rat brain

1999

Yang, H-C.; Mosior, M.; Ni, B.; Dennis, E.A.

J. Neurochem.

73

1278-1287

133864

10319815

Crystal structure of human cytosolic Phospholipase A2 reveals a novel topology and catalytic mechanism

1999

Dessen, A.; Tang, J.; Schmidt, H.; Stahl, M.; Clark, J.D.; Seehra, J.; Somers, W.S.

Cell

97

349-360

133865

10336645

The human calcium-independent phospholipase A2 gene

1999

Larsson Forsell, P.K.A.; Kennedy, B.P.; Claesson, H.E.

Eur. J. Biochem.

262

575-585

133866

10209288

Cloning, expression and biochemical characterization of a basic-acidic hybrid phospholipase A2-II from Agkistrodon halys Pallas

1999

Liu, X.; Pan, H.; Yang, G.; Wu, X.; Zhou, Y.

Biochim. Biophys. Acta

1431

157-165

133867

9735349

Characterization of phospholipase A2 (PLA2) from Taiwan Cobra: Isoenzymes and their site-directed mutants

1998

Pan, F.M.; Chao, S.C.; Wu, S.H.; Chang, W.C.; Chiou, S.H.

Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.

250

154-160

133868

-

Expression, purification and characterization of a human serine-dependent phospholipase A2 with high specificity for oxidized phospholipids and platelet activating factor

1998

Rice, S.Q.J.; Southan, C.; Boyd, H.F.; Terrett, J.A.; MacPhee, C.H.; Moores, K.; Gloger, I.S.; Tew, D.G.

Biochem. J.

330

1309-1315

133869

-

Bacterial expression and characterization of human secretory class V phospholipase A2

1998

Han, S.K.; Yoon, E.T.; Cho, W.

Biochem. J.

331

353-357

133870

9767110

Expression and characterization of human group V phospholipase A2

1998

Chen, D.; Dennis, E.A.

Biochim. Biophys. Acta

1394

57-64

133871

9787801

Characterization of acidic Ca2+-independent phospholipase A2 of bovine lung

1998

Akiba, S.; Dodia, C.; Chen, X.; Fisher, A.B.

Comp. Biochem. Physiol. B

120

393-404

133872

9214693

Compartmentalisation and characteristics of a Ca2+-dependent phospholipase A2 in human colon mucosa

1997

Lamura, E.; Hillier, K.; Kinkaid, A.; Wilton, D.

Biochem. Pharmacol.

53

1323-1332

133873

9219901

Bacterial expression and characterisation of human pancreatic phospholipase A2

1997

Han, S.K.; Lee, B.I.; Cho, W.

Biochim. Biophys. Acta

1346

185-192

133874

9428661

Characterization and optimation of phospholipase A2 catalyzed synthesis of phosphatidylcholine

1997

Egger, D.; Wehtje, E.; Adlercreutz, P.

Biochim. Biophys. Acta

1343

76-84

133875

9131165

Characterization of plasmalogen-selective phospholipase A2 from bovine brain

1996

Yang, H.C.; Farooqui, A.A.; Horrocks, L.A.

Adv. Exp. Med. Biol.

416

309-313

133876

8940072

Expression, purification and kinetic characterization of a recombinant 80-kDa intracellular calcium-independent phospholipase A2

1996

Wolf, M.J.; Gross, R.W.

J. Biol. Chem.

271

30879-30885

133877

8925928

Purification and characterization of nuclear alkaline phospholipase A2 in rat ascites hepatoma cells

1996

Oishi, T.; Tamiya-Koizumi, K.; Kudo, I.; Iino, S.; Takagi, K.; Yoshida, Y.

FEBS Lett.

394

55-60

133878

8593185

Purification and characterization of a novel phospholipase A2 from King Cobra (Ophiophagus hannah) venom

1995

Chiou, J.Y.; Chang, L.S.; Chen, L.N.; Chang, C.C.

J. Protein Chem.

14

451-456

133879

7632717

Characterisation of a phospholipase A2 from the venom of the Papuan black snake (Pseudechis papuanus)

1995

Laing, G.D.; Kamiguti, A.S.; Wilkinson, M.C.; Lowe, G.M.; Theakston, R.D.G.

Biochim. Biophys. Acta

1250

137-143

133880

7998924

Purification and characterization of a calcium-independent acidic phospholipase A2 from rat lung

1994

Wang, R.; Dodia, C.R.; Jain, M.K.; Fisher, A.B.

Biochem. J.

304

131-137

133881

-

Preparation and characterization of human rheumatoid arthritic synovial fluid phospholipase A2 produced by recombinant baculovirus-infected cells

1994

Kawauchi, Y.; Takasaki, J.; Matsuura, Y.; Masuho, Y.

J. Biochem.

116

82-87

133882

8148815

Characterization of cytosolic phospholipase A2 in rat mastocystoma RBL-2H3

1994

Nakatani, Y.; Hara, S.; Murakami, M.; Kudo, I.; Inoue, K.

Biol. Pharm. Bull.

17

47-50

133883

7846689

Purification of a basic phospholipase A2 from Indian Saw-Scawled Viper (Echis carinatus) venom: characterization of antigenic, catalytic and pharmacological properties

1994

Kemparaju, K.; Prasad, B.N.; Gowda, V.T.

Toxicon

32

1187-1196

133884

8324881

Phospholipase A2 from Trypanosoma congolense: characterization and haematological properties

1993

Nok, A.J.; Esievo, K.A.N.; Ibrahim, S.; Ukoha, A.I.; Ikediobi, C.O.

Cell Biochem. Funct.

11

125-130

133885

8399335

Purification and characterization of a phospholipase A2 from human ileal mucosa

1993

Minami, T.; Tojo, H.; Shinomura, Y.; Matsuzawa, Y.; Okamoto, M.

Biochim. Biophys. Acta

1170

125-130

133886

8454568

Hydrolysis of micellar diheptanoylphosphatidylcholine catalyzed by bovine pancreatic phospholipase A2: Kinetic characterization of group I and II enzymes

1993

Hada, S.; Fujii, S.; Inoue, S.; Ikeda, K.; Teshima, K.

J. Biochem.

113

13-18

133887

8505299

Characterization of hormonally regulated and particulate-associated phospholipase A2 from bovine endothelial cells

1993

Paglin, S.; Roy, R.; Polgar, P.

J. Biol. Chem.

268

11697-11702

133888

8328965

Cytosolic phospholipase A2 from human monocytic cells: characterization of substrate specificity and Ca2+-dependent membrane association

1993

Rehfeldt, W.; Resch, K.; Goppelt-Struebe, M.

Biochem. J.

293

255-261

133889

8344288

Purification and characterization of guinea pig gastric phospholipase A2 of the pancreatic type

1993

Tojo, H.; Ying, Z.; Okamoto, M.

Eur. J. Biochem.

215

81-90

133890

1511001

Purification and characterization of a high-affinity binding protein for pancreatic-type phospholipase A2

1992

Hanasaki, K.; Arita, H.

Biochim. Biophys. Acta

1127

233-241

133891

1599975

Characterization of a phospholipase A2 in human serum

1992

Hoffmann, G.E.; Schneider, E.; Brand, K.; Kozumplik, V.; Fateh-Moghadam, S.

Eur. J. Clin. Chem. Clin. Biochem.

30

111-117

133892

1730245

Purification and characterization of a mutant human platelet phospholipase A2 expressed in Escherichia coli

1992

Franken, P.A.; van den Berg, L.; Huang, J.; Gunyuzlu, P.; Lugtigheid, R.B.; Verheij, H.M.; de Haas, G.H.

Eur. J. Biochem.

203

89-98

133893

1911741

Kinetic characterization of phospholipase A2 modified by manoalogue

1991

Ghomashchi, F.; Yu, B.Z.; Mihelich, E.D.; Jain, M.K.; Gelb, M.H.

Biochemistry

30

9559-9569

133894

1910288

Localization and characterization of phospholipase A2 in mouse mammary gland-derived cells

1991

Steiner, M.

Arch. Biochem. Biophys.

286

293-299

133895

1903717

Purification and characterization of human platelet phospholipase A2 which preferentially hydrolyzes an arachidonoyl residue

1991

Takayama, K.; Kudo, I.; Kim, D.K.; Nagata, K.; Nozawa, Y.; Inoue, K.

FEBS Lett.

282

326-330

133897

2223865

Purification and characterization of a phospholipase A2 associated with rabbit lung microsomes: some evidence for its mitochondrial origin

1990

Filgueiras, O.M.O.; Possmayer, F.

Biochim. Biophys. Acta

1046

258-266

133898

3119595

The purification and characterization of a phospholipase A in hamster heart cytosol for the hydrolysis of phosphatidylcholine

1987

Cao, Y.Z.; Tam, S.W.; Arthur, G.; Chen, H.; Choy, P.C.

J. Biol. Chem.

262

16927-16935

133899

3295782

Expression of porcine pancreatic phospholipase A2. Generation of active enzyme by sequence-specific cleavage of a hybrid protein from Escherichia coli

1987

De Geus, P.; van den Bergh, C.J.; Kuipers, O.; Verheij, H.M.; Hockstra, W.P.M.; de Haas, G.H.

Nucleic Acids Res.

15

3743-3759

133901

3754257

Hydrolysis of dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine small unilamellar vesicles by porcine pancreatic phospholipase A2

1986

Menashe, M.

J. Biol. Chem.

261

5328-5333

133903

6838196

Pancreatic porcine phospholipase A2 catalyzed hydrolysis of phosphatidylcholine in lecithin-bile salt mixed micelles: Kinetic studies in a lecithin-sodium cholate system

1983

Hoffman, W.J.; Vahey, M.; Hajdu, J.

Arch. Biochem. Biophys.

221

361-370

133904

6860643

Localization of the second calcium ion binding site in porcine and equine phospholipase A2

1983

Donne-Op den Kelder, G.M.; de Haas, G.H.; Egmond, M.R.

Biochemistry

22

2470-2478

133905

6876174

Structure of porcine pancreatic phospholipase A2 at 2.6 A resolution and comparison with bovine phospholipase A2

1983

Dijkstra, B.W.; Renetseder, R.; Kalk, K.H.; Hol, W.G.J.; Drenth, J.

J. Mol. Biol.

168

163-179

133906

7278679

Phospholipase A2 from cobra venom (Naja naja naja)

1981

Deems, R.A.; Dennis, E.A.

Methods Enzymol.

71

703-710

133907

7278678

Phospholipase A2 from bee venom

1981

Cottrell, R.C.

Methods Enzymol.

71

698-702

133908

7278677

Isolation of phospholipase A2 from red cell membranes of sheep

1981

Zahler, P.; Kramer, R.

Methods Enzymol.

71

690-698

133909

-

Mode of action of a bacteriocin from Erwinia carotovora III. Properties of phospholipase A of Erwinia carotovora and its involvement in phospholipid degradation caused by carotovoricin

1981

Itoh, Y.; Iwata, T.; Izaki, K.; Takahashi, H.

J. Gen. Appl. Microbiol.

27

239-251

133910

7217035

Purification and characterization of phospholipase A2 from Bungarus multicinctus venom

1981

Kondo, K.; Toda, H.; Narita, K.

J. Biochem.

89

29-36

133911

7325675

Phospholipase A2 activity on mixed lipid monolayers: Activation of phospholipase A2 from porcine pancreas and Crotalus adamanteus by anionic and neutral amphophiles

1981

Hendrickson, H.S.; Trygstad, W.M.; Loftness, T.L.; Sailer, S.L.

Arch. Biochem. Biophys.

212

508-514

133912

7419504

Purification and properties of phospholipase A2 from venom of Trimeresurus flavoviridis (Habu snake)

1980

Ishimaru, K.; Kihara, H.; Ohno, M.

J. Biochem.

88

443-451

133913

422537

Phospholipase A of sea snake Laticauda semifasciata venom

1979

Yoshida, H.; Kudo, T.; Shinkai, W.; Tamiya, N.

J. Biochem.

85

379-388

133914

387750

Properties of purified detergent-resistant phospholipase A of Escherichia coli K-12

1979

Tamori, Y.; Nishijima, M.; Nojima, S.

J. Biochem.

86

1129-1138

133915

728376

Ca2+ binding to porcine pancreatic phospholipase A2 and its function in enzyme-lipid interaction

1978

Slotboom, A.J.; Jansen, E.H.J.M.; Vlijm, H.; Pattus, F.; de Araujo, P.S.; de Haas, G.H.

Biochemistry

17

4593-4600

133916

32180

Characterisation of phospholipase A activity of b 1-Bungarotoxin from Bungarus multicinctus venom

1978

Kondo, K.; Toda, H.; Narita, K.

J. Biochem.

84

1291-1300

133917

730754

Characterisation of phospholipase A activity of b 1-Bungarotoxin from Bungarus multicinctus venom

1978

Kondo, K.; Toda, H.; Narita, K.

J. Biochem.

84

1301-1308

133918

922032

Characterization of phospholipase A from pulmonary secretions of patients with alveolar proteinosis

1977

Sahu, S.; Lynn, W.S.

Biochim. Biophys. Acta

489

307-317

133919

12144

Studies on phospholipase A in Trimeresurus flavoviridis venom. Purification and some properties pf phospholipase A inhibitor in Habu serum

1976

Kihara, H.

J. Biochem.

80

341-349

133920

-

Characterization and subcellular localization of lipase and phospholipase A activities in rat liver

1976

Vignais, P.M.; Colbeau, A.; Ngo-Tri, H.; Pilarska, M.

Lipids

1

117-126

133921

-

Purification and some properties of phospholipase A from Streptomyces cinnamomeus

1976

Okawa, Y.; Yamaguchi, T.

Agric. Biol. Chem.

40

437-438

133922

1034213

Structure of porcine pancreatic phospholipase A2

1976

Drenth, J.; Enzing, C.M.; Kalk, K.H.; Vessies, J.C.A.

Nature

264

373-377

133923

1091

Phospholipase A2 isoenzyme from porcine pancreas. Purification and some properties

1975

Van Wezel, F.M.; de Haas, G.H.

Biochim. Biophys. Acta

410

299-309

133924

4856504

Interaction of phospholipase A2 and its zymogen with divalent metal ions

1974

Pieterson W.A.; Volwerk, J.J.; de Haas, G.H.

Biochemistry

13

1439-1445

133925

4475346

Phospholipase A2 (phosphatide acylhydrolase, EC 3.1.1.4) from porcine pancreas

1974

Nieuwenhuizen, W.; Kunze, H.; de Haas, G.H.

Methods Enzymol.

32

147-154

133926

4856505

Histidine at the active site of phospholipase A2

1974

Volwerk, J.J.; Pieterson, W.A.; de Haas, G.H.

Biochemistry

13

1446-1454

133927

4819758

Zymogen-catalyzed hydrolysis of monomeric substrates and the presence of a recognition site for lipid-water interfaces in phospholipase A2

1974

Pieterson, W.A.; Vidal, J.C.; Volwerk, J.J.; de Haas, G.H.

Biochemistry

13

1455-1460

133928

4202714

Purification and some properties of rat spleen phospholipase A

1973

Rahman, Y.E.; Cerny, E.A.; Peraino, C.

Biochim. Biophys. Acta

321

526-535

133929

4772678

The isolation and properties of two phospholipases A2 from porcine pancreas

1973

Nieuwenhuizen, W.; Steenbergh, P.; de Haas, G.H.

Eur. J. Biochem.

40

1-7

133933

9430701

Crystal structure of a calcium-phospholipid binding domain from cytosolic phospholipase A2

1998

Perisic, O.; Fong, S.; Lynch, D.E.; Bycroft, M.; Williams, R.L.

J. Biol. Chem.

273

1596-1604

135426

-

Phospholipase D from savoy cabbage

1969

Yang, S.F.

Methods Enzymol.

14

208-210

135427

3688883

Purification of phospholipase D from citrus callus tissue

1987

Witt, W.; Yelenosky, G.; Mayer, R.T.

Arch. Biochem. Biophys.

259

164-170

135428

-

Purification and properties of phospholipase D from Actinomadura sp.strain no.362

1987

Kokusho, Y.; Kato, S.; Machida, H.; Iwasaki, S.

Agric. Biol. Chem.

51

2515-2524

135429

7278682

Phospholipase D from rat brain

1981

Taki, T.; Kanfer, J.N.

Methods Enzymol.

71

746-750

135430

6452858

Studies on phospholipase activities in Neurospora crassa conidia

1981

Chakravarti, D.N.; Chakravarti, B.; Chakrabarti, P.

Arch. Biochem. Biophys.

206

392-402

135431

16661522

Characteristics and subcellular localization of phosphoplipase D and phosphatidic acid phosphatase in mung bean cotyledons

1980

Herman, E.M.; Chrispeels, M.J.

Plant Physiol.

66

1001-1007

135432

518840

Phospholipase D from savoy cabbage: purification and preliminary kinetic characterization

1979

Allgyer, T.T.; Wells, M.A.

Biochemistry

18

5348-5353

135433

489566

Partial purification and properties of a rat brain phospholipase

1979

Taki, T.; Kanfer, J.N.

J. Biol. Chem.

254

9761-9765

135434

762053

Purification of Streptomyces chromofuscus phospholipase D by hydrophobic affinity chromatography on palmitoyl cellulose

1979

Imamura, S.; Horiuti, Y.

J. Biochem.

85

79-95

135435

6440

Studies on phospholipases from Streptomyces

1974

Okawa, Y.; Yamaguchi, T.

J. Biochem.

78

363-372

135436

-

Phospholipase D from peanut seeds. Final purification and some properties of the enzyme

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