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Ligand canthaxanthin

Basic Ligand Information

Molecular Structure

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Roles as Enzyme Ligand

In Vivo Substrate in Enzyme-catalyzed Reactions (1 result)

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Show Natural Substrate (1 entry)

EC NUMBER

PROVEN IN VIVO REACTION

REACTION DIAGRAM

LITERATURE

ENZYME 3D STRUCTURE

1.14.15.24

canthaxanthin + 2 reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + H+ + O2 = phoenicoxanthin + 2 oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + H2O

742396

-

In Vivo Product in Enzyme-catalyzed Reactions (3 results)

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Show Natural Product (3 entries)

EC NUMBER

PROVEN IN VIVO REACTION

REACTION DIAGRAM

LITERATURE

ENZYME 3D STRUCTURE

1.14.11.B16

beta-carotene + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 + H2O = canthaxanthin + succinate + CO2 + 4 H+

0

-

1.14.99.63

echinenone + 2 O2 + 2 reduced acceptor = canthaxanthin + 3 H2O + 2 acceptor

0

-

1.14.99.63

echinenone + 2 reduced acceptor + 2 O2 = canthaxanthin + 2 acceptor + 3 H2O

0

-

1.14.99.63

2 entries

Substrate in Enzyme-catalyzed Reactions (6 results)

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Show Substrate (6 entries)

EC NUMBER

REACTION

REACTION DIAGRAM

LITERATURE

ENZYME 3D STRUCTURE

1.13.11.51

canthaxanthin + O2 = ?

700272

-

1.13.11.65

canthaxanthin + O2 = ?

719471

-

1.13.11.71

canthaxanthin + O2 = ?

727353

-

1.14.15.24

canthaxanthin + 2 reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + H+ + O2 = adonirubin + 2 oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + H2O

715432, 713863

-

1.14.15.24

canthaxanthin + 2 reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + H+ + O2 = phoenicoxanthin + 2 oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + H2O

742396, 673817

-

1.14.15.24

canthaxanthin + 4 reduced ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + 2 H+ + 2 O2 = astaxanthin + 4 oxidized ferredoxin [iron-sulfur] cluster + 2 H2O

714295, 715432

-

1.14.15.24

3 entries

Product in Enzyme-catalyzed Reactions (10 results)

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Show Product (10 entries)

EC NUMBER

REACTION

REACTION DIAGRAM

LITERATURE

ENZYME 3D STRUCTURE

1.14.11.B16

beta-carotene + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 + H2O = canthaxanthin + succinate + CO2 + 4 H+

0

-

1.14.11.B16

beta-carotene + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 = canthaxanthin + ?

0

-

1.14.11.B16

beta-carotene + acceptor + O2 = canthaxanthin + reduced acceptor

0

-

1.14.11.B16

echinenone + acceptor + O2 = canthaxanthin + reduced acceptor

0

-

1.14.99.63

beta-carotene + 2 O2 + 2 reduced acceptor = canthaxanthin + 3 H2O + 2 acceptor

0

-

1.14.99.63

beta-carotene + 2 O2 = canthaxanthin + 2 H2O

0

-

1.14.99.63

beta-carotene + acceptor + O2 = canthaxanthin + reduced acceptor

0

-

1.14.99.63

echinenone + 2 O2 + 2 reduced acceptor = canthaxanthin + 3 H2O + 2 acceptor

0

-

1.14.99.63

echinenone + 2 reduced acceptor + 2 O2 = canthaxanthin + 2 acceptor + 3 H2O

0

-

1.14.11.B16

4 entries

1.14.99.63

5 entries

1.17.5.B2

4,4'-dihydroxy-beta-carotene + benzoquinone = canthaxanthin + benzoquinol

0

-

Inhibitor in Enzyme-catalyzed Reactions (1 result)

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Show Inhibitors (1 entry)

EC NUMBER

COMMENTARY

LITERATURE

ENZYME 3D STRUCTURE

1.13.11.63

mixed inhibition

438234

-

Enzyme Kinetic Parameters

K_i Value (1 result)

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Show KI Value (1 entry)

EC NUMBER

KI VALUE [MM]

KI VALUE MAXIMUM [MM]

COMMENTARY

LITERATURE

1.13.11.63

0.0016

-

-

438234

References & Links

Literature References (9)

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Show Reference (9 entries)

BRENDA REFERENCE ID

PUBMED ID

TITLE

YEAR

AUTHORS

JOURNAL

VOLUME

PAGES

438234

9434733

In vitro and in vivo inhibition of beta-carotene dioxygenase activity by canthaxanthin in rat intestine

1997

Grolier, P.; Duszka, C.; Borel, P.; Alexandre-Gouabau, M.C.; Azais-Braesco, V.

Arch. Biochem. Biophys.

348

233-238

673817

16455271

The crtS gene of Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous encodes a novel cytochrome-P450 hydroxylase involved in the conversion of beta-carotene into astaxanthin and other xanthophylls

2006

Alvarez, V.; Rodriguez-Saiz, M.; de la Fuente, J.L.; Gudina, E.J.; Godio, R.P.; Martin, J.F.; Barredo, J.L.

Fungal Genet. Biol.

43

261-272

700272

18485074

In vitro characterization of a carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase from Nostoc sp. PCC 7120 reveals a novel cleavage pattern, cytosolic localization and induction by highlight

2008

Scherzinger, D.; Al-Babili, S.

Mol. Microbiol.

69

231-244

713863

16614859

Characterization of bacterial beta-carotene 3,3’-hydroxylases, CrtZ, and P450 in astaxanthin biosynthetic pathway and adonirubin production by gene combination in Escherichia coli

2006

Choi, S.; Matsuda, S.; Hoshino, T.; Peng, X.; Misawa, N.

Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol.

72

1238-1246

714295

10524195

Carotenoid hydroxylase from Haematococcus pluvialis: cDNA sequence, regulation and functional complementation

1999

Linden, H.

Biochim. Biophys. Acta

1446

203-212

715432

9045623

In vitro characterization of astaxanthin biosynthetic enzymes

1997

Fraser, P.D.; Miura, Y.; Misawa, N.

J. Biol. Chem.

272

6128-6135

719471

22901074

In vivo and in vitro studies on the carotenoid cleavage oxygenases from Sphingopyxis alaskensis RB2256 and Plesiocystis pacifica SIR-1 revealed their substrate specificities and non-retinal-forming cleavage activities

2012

Hoffmann, J.; Bona-Lovasz, J.; Beuttler, H.; Altenbuchner, J.

FEBS J.

279

3911-3924

727353

22764054

BCDO2 acts as a carotenoid scavenger and gatekeeper for the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway

2012

Lobo, G.P.; Isken, A.; Hoff, S.; Babino, D.; von Lintig, J.

Development

139

2966-2977

742396

28284309

Alleviation of metabolic bottleneck by combinatorial engineering enhanced astaxanthin synthesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

2017

Zhou, P.; Xie, W.; Li, A.; Wang, F.; Yao, Z.; Bian, Q.; Zhu, Y.; Yu, H.; Ye, L.

Enzyme Microb. Technol.

100

28-36

Links to other databases for canthaxanthin

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Show Links (1 entry)

ChEBI

PubChem

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