Ligand view of alloxan (3798 - HIMXGTXNXJYFGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N)

C₄H₂N₂O₄

alloxan

HIMXGTXNXJYFGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N

1.13.11.79

FMNH2 + NADH + H+ + O2 + alloxan = 5,6-dimethylbenzimidazole + D-erythrose 4-phosphate + NAD+ + dialuric acid

715295

-

1.13.11.79

FMNH2 + O2 = 5,6-dimethylbenzimidazole + D-erythrose 4-phosphate + dialiric acid + pyrimidinetrione + alloxan

-

alloxan + NADPH = ?

-

FMNH2 + NADH + H+ + O2 + alloxan = 5,6-dimethylbenzimidazole + D-erythrose 4-phosphate + NAD+ + dialuric acid

715295

-

1.6.5.6

alloxan + NADPH = NADP+ + ?

-

FMNH2 + O2 = 5,6-dimethylbenzimidazole + D-erythrose 4-phosphate + dialiric acid + pyrimidinetrione + alloxan

0

-

1.3.5.2

0.5 mM, 112% of initial activity

-

-

-

i.e. alloxan

-

0.5 mM, 74% of initial activity

-

alloxan treatment (100 mg/kg) leads to an 81% reduction in glucokinase immunoreactivity and a greater than 90% reduction in glucokinase enzymatic activity in the liver

702535

-

2.7.1.14

inhibits above 1 mM, activity restored if cysteine is added at the same concentration

637085

-

3.1.3.2

enzyme type A, for enzyme type B the optimal pH is broadened to a higher range

-

competitive

-

i.e. 2,4,5,6-tetraoxypyrimidine 5,6-dioxyuracil , 0.00125-0.02 mM alloxan causes a concentration-dependent uncompetitive inhibition. Dithiothreitol (0.7and 1 mM) completely prevents the inhibition induced by 0.01 and 0.02 mM alloxan. Similar protection is obtained in the presence of 2 mMglutathione

-

-

-

167

-

394924

1.1.1.168

0.83

-

347723

1.6.5.6

2.5

-

288624

1.8.1.9

0.33

-

394924

1.3.1.2

0.0066

-

349225

3.5.2.1

1.7

-

pH 8.0, 30°C

652350

4.2.1.24

0.00364

-

pH 6.4 and 37°C

0.004

-

pH 6.4 and 37°C

728984

34771

-

Adenylate cyclase from Phycomyces sporangiophore

1980

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19

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134703

3364974

Evidence of acid phosphatase in the cytoplasm as a distinct entity

1988

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Arch. Biochem. Biophys.

262

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288624

3286260

A novel fungal enzyme, NADPH-dependent carbonyl reductase, showing high specificity to conjugated polyketones

1988

Shimizu, S.; Hattori, S.; Hata, H.; Yamada, H.

Eur. J. Biochem.

174

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347723

2656398

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FEMS Microbiol. Lett.

58

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349225

2719721

Structure-activity relationship of ligands of dihydrouracil dehydrogenase from mouse liver

1989

Naguib, F.N.M.; El Kouni, M.H.; Cha, S.

Biochem. Pharmacol.

38

1471-1480

394921

7159551

Rat liver thioredoxin and thioredoxin reductase: purification and characterization

1982

Luthman, M.; Holmgren, A.

Biochemistry

21

6628-6633

394922

6753843

Thioredoxin and thioredoxin reductase in pancreatic islets may participate in diabetogenic free-radical production

1982

Grankvist, K.; Holmgren, A.; Luthman, M.; Täljedal, I.B.

Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.

107

1412-1418

394924

6933551

Enzymatic reduction of alloxan by thioredoxin and NADPH-thioredoxin reductase

1980

Holmgren, A.; Lyckeborg, C.

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA

77

5149-5152

637085

-

The enzymatic phosphorylation of sedoheptulose

1955

Ebata, M.; Sato, R.; Bak, T.

J. Biochem.

42

715-725

644648

13313312

Chemistry and biochemistry of xanthine oxidase

1956

De Renzo, E.C.

Adv. Enzymol. Relat. Subj. Biochem.

17

293-328

652350

11748240

Barbiturase, a novel zinc-containing amidohydrolase involved in oxidative pyrimidine metabolism

2002

Soong, C.L.; Ogawa, J.; Sakuradani, E.; Shimizu, S.

J. Biol. Chem.

277

7051-7058

659497

16105839

Mutational analysis of the catalytic domain of O-linked N-acetylglucosaminyl transferase

2005

Lazarus, B.D.; Roos, M.D.; Hanover, J.A.

J. Biol. Chem.

280

35537-35544

702535

17768029

Hepatic glucokinase activity is the primary defect in alloxan-induced diabetes of mice

2009

Zhang, X.; Liang, W.; Mao, Y.; Li, H.; Yang, Y.; Tan, H.

Biomed. Pharmacother.

63

180-186

707093

20640461

Substrate and product analogues as human O-GlcNAc transferase inhibitors

2011

Dorfmueller, H.C.; Borodkin, V.S.; Blair, D.E.; Pathak, S.; Navratilova, I.; van Aalten, D.M.

Amino Acids

40

781-972

712943

20609907

Mitochondrial thioredoxin reductase purification, inhibitor studies, and role in cell signaling

2010

Rigobello, M.P.; Bindoli, A.

Methods Enzymol.

474

109-122

715295

21344938

Intermediate-assisted multifunctional catalysis in the conversion of flavin to 5,6-dimethylbenzimidazole by BluB: a density functional theory study

2011

Wang, X.L.; Quan, J.M.

J. Am. Chem. Soc.

133

4079-4091

723585

22928023

Developmental regulation of protein O-GlcNAcylation, O-GlcNAc transferase, and O-GlcNAcase in mammalian brain

2012

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7

e43724

728984

22207588

Kinetics of alloxan-induced inhibition on delta-aminolevulinate dehydratase activity in mouse liver homogenates

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758767

26862193

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44

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763072

31316493

Phytophthora infestans dihydroorotate dehydrogenase is a potential target for chemical control - a comparison with the enzyme from Solanum tuberosum

2019

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Front. Microbiol.

10

1479

Ligand alloxan

Basic Ligand Information

Roles as Enzyme Ligand

In Vivo Substrate in Enzyme-catalyzed Reactions (1 result)

In Vivo Product in Enzyme-catalyzed Reactions (1 result)

Substrate in Enzyme-catalyzed Reactions (5 results)

Product in Enzyme-catalyzed Reactions (1 result)

Activator in Enzyme-catalyzed Reactions (1 result)

Inhibitor in Enzyme-catalyzed Reactions (12 results)

Enzyme Kinetic Parameters

k_cat Value (Turnover Number) (1 result)

K_M Value (3 results)

K_i Value (3 results)

IC₅₀ Value (3 results)

References & Links

Literature References (20)

Links to other databases for alloxan

Ligand alloxan

Basic Ligand Information

Roles as Enzyme Ligand

In Vivo Substrate in Enzyme-catalyzed Reactions (1 result)

In Vivo Product in Enzyme-catalyzed Reactions (1 result)

Substrate in Enzyme-catalyzed Reactions (5 results)

Product in Enzyme-catalyzed Reactions (1 result)

Activator in Enzyme-catalyzed Reactions (1 result)

Inhibitor in Enzyme-catalyzed Reactions (12 results)

Enzyme Kinetic Parameters

kcat Value (Turnover Number) (1 result)

KM Value (3 results)

Ki Value (3 results)

IC50 Value (3 results)

References & Links

Literature References (20)

Links to other databases for alloxan

k_cat Value (Turnover Number) (1 result)

K_M Value (3 results)

K_i Value (3 results)

IC₅₀ Value (3 results)