Information on EC 6.3.5.7 - glutaminyl-tRNA synthase (glutamine-hydrolysing)

GatDE

-

716371

Gln4

GlnRS

Glu-AdT

-

Glu-amidotransferase

-

716371

Glu-tRNAGln amidotransferase

-

Glu-tRNAGlnAT

-

GluAdT GatDE

-

662450

GluRS

glutamyl-tRNA(Gln) amidotransferase

-

glutamyl-tRNAGln amidotransferase

-

nondiscriminating GluRS

-

PBANKA_071810

PF3D7_0416100

Plasmodium falciparum

Q8I1S6; C6KTC3

subunit GatA, gene name

glutamate and glutamine metabolism

PF3D7_0628800

Plasmodium falciparum

Q8I1S6; C6KTC3

subunit GatB, gene name

Qrsl1

-

5-phosphooxy-L-glutamyl-tRNAGln + NH3 = L-glutaminyl-tRNAGln + phosphate

(1c)

-

ATP + L-glutamyl-tRNAGln + L-glutamine = ADP + phosphate + L-glutaminyl-tRNAGln + L-glutamate

-

ATP + L-glutamyl-tRNAGln = ADP + 5-phosphooxy-L-glutamyl-tRNAGln

(1b)

-

L-glutamine + H2O = L-glutamate + NH3

(1a)

-

BRENDA

KEGG

Aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis

L-glutamyl-tRNAGln:L-glutamine amido-ligase (ADP-forming)

In systems lacking discernible glutamine---tRNA ligase (EC 6.1.1.18), glutaminyl-tRNAGln is formed by a two-enzyme system. In the first step, a nondiscriminating ligase (EC 6.1.1.24, glutamate---tRNAGln ligase) mischarges tRNAGln with glutamate, forming glutamyl-tRNAGln. The glutamyl-tRNAGln is not used in protein synthesis until the present enzyme converts it into glutaminyl-tRNAGln (glutamyl-tRNAGlu is not a substrate for this enzyme). A glutaminase subunit (cf. EC 3.5.1.2, glutaminase) produces an ammonia molecule that is transferred by a 30 A tunnel to a synthase subunit, where it is ligated to the carboxy group that has been activated by phosphorylation. Some bacterial GatCAB complexes also has the activity of EC 6.3.5.6 (asparaginyl-tRNA synthase [glutamine-hydrolysing]).

52232-48-1

-

ATP + Asp-tRNAAsn + L-glutamine

ADP + phosphate + Asn-tRNAAsn + L-glutamate

4 entries

ATP + Glu-tRNAGln + Asn

ADP + phosphate + Gln-tRNAGln + Asp

ATP + Glu-tRNAGln + L-asparagine

ADP + phosphate + Gln-tRNAGln + L-glutamate

-

492307

-

?

ATP + Glu-tRNAGln + L-glutamine

ADP + phosphate + Gln-tRNAGln + L-glutamate

15 entries

ATP + Glu-tRNAGln + L-glutamine + H2O

ADP + phosphate + Gln-tRNAGln + L-glutamate

ATP + Glu-tRNAGln + NH4Cl

ADP + phosphate + Gln-tRNAGln + ?

ATP + L-aspartyl-tRNAAsn + L-glutamine + H2O

ADP + phosphate + L-asparaginyl-tRNAAsn + L-glutamate

-

-

?

ATP + L-glutamate + tRNAGln1(UUG)

AMP + diphosphate + L-glutamyl-tRNAGln1(UUG)

-

the enzyme is active toward the two tRNAGln isoacceptors, but with a significant catalytic preference for tRNAGln2(CUG). The less active tRNAGln1(UUG) responds to the less common CAA codon for Gln

-

?

ATP + L-glutamate + tRNAGln2(CUG)

AMP + diphosphate + L-glutamyl-tRNAGln2(CUG)

-

the enzyme is active toward the two tRNAGln isoacceptors, but with a significant catalytic preference for tRNAGln2(CUG). The less active tRNAGln1(UUG) responds to the less common CAA codon for Gln. The wild-type enzyme shows a 24fold catalytic preference for tRNAGln2 over tRNAGlu

-

?

ATP + L-glutamate + tRNAGlu

AMP + diphosphate + L-glutamyl-tRNAGlu

-

-

?

ATP + L-glutamyl-tRNAGln + L-glutamine

ADP + phosphate + L-glutaminyl-tRNAGln + L-glutamate

5 entries

ATP-gammaS + Glu-tRNAGln + L-glutamine

? + phosphate + Gln-tRNAGln + L-glutamate

-

-

?

additional information

?

-

ATP + Asp-tRNAAsn + L-glutamine

ADP + phosphate + Asn-tRNAAsn + L-glutamate

-

-

?

ATP + Glu-tRNAGln + L-glutamine

ADP + phosphate + Gln-tRNAGln + L-glutamate

4 entries

ATP + Glu-tRNAGln + L-glutamine + H2O

ADP + phosphate + Gln-tRNAGln + L-glutamate

ATP

Mg2+

(1R,2R)-1-(4-methylsulfonylphenyl)-2-(S-dioxo-L-methioneamido)-1,3-propanediol

-

(1R,2R)-1-(4-nitrophenyl)-2-(S-dioxo-L-methioneamido)-1,3-propanediol

-

(1R,2R)-1-phenyl-2-(S-dioxo-L-methioneamido)-1,3-propanediol

-

(1R,2S)-1-(4-nitrophenyl)-2-(S-dioxo-L-methioneamido)-1,3-propanediol

-

(1S,2R)-1-(4-nitrophenyl)-2-(S-dioxo-L-methioneamido)-1,3-propanediol

-

(1S,2S)-1-(4-nitrophenyl)-2-(S-dioxo-L-methioneamido)-1,3-propanediol

-

2'-O-(trinitrophenyl)adenosine 5'-triphosphate

-

IC50: 2.4 mM

3'-(L-alpha-aspartylamino)-3'-deoxy-N,N-dimethyladenosine

-

puromycin analogue

3'-deoxy-3'-(L-alpha-glutamylamino)-N,N-dimethyladenosine

-

puromycin analogue

3'-deoxy-3'-(L-glutaminylamino)-N,N-dimethyladenosine

-

puromycin analogue

3'-O-(trinitrophenyl)adenosine 5'-triphosphate

-

IC50: 2.4 mM

3'-[[(2S)-2-amino-4-(methylsulfinyl)butanoyl]amino]-3'-deoxy-N,N-dimethyladenosine

-

puromycin analogue

3'-[[(2S)-2-amino-4-(methylsulfonyl)butanoyl]amino]-3'-deoxy-N,N-dimethyladenosine

-

puromycin analogue

3'-[[(2S)-4-carboxy-2-hydroxybutanoyl]amino]-3'-deoxy-N,N-dimethyladenosine

-

puromycin analogue

3'-[[2-amino-4-(methylphosphinato)butanoyl]amino]-3'-deoxy-N,N-dimethyladenosine

-

puromycin analogue

Chlamydomonas reinhardtii

6-diazo-5-oxonorleucine

-

blocking of glutamine-dependent reaction, no inhibition of ammonia-dependent reaction

492306

adenosine 5'-[beta,gamma-methylene]triphosphate

-

IC50: 2.3 mM

ADP

-

IC50: 0.026 mM

ATP-gammaS

-

IC50: 0.19 mM

chloramphenicol

-

gamma-Glu boronic acid

-

IC50: 0.0016 mM

492304

L-methionine-S-sulfoximine

-

at 1 mM, 3 mM or 5 mM, 20% inhibition

492310

puromycin

-

aminonucleoside antibiotic produced by Streptomyces alboniger, very weak inhibitor of AdT

additional information

-

no inhibition by 6-diazo-5-oxonorleucine

492310

-

additional information

-

0.1 - 0.2

Asn

-

492310

0.00095

Asp-tRNAAsn

-

37°C, pH 7.2, amidotransferase activity

0.00118

Asp-tRNAGln

-

37°C, pH 7.2, amidotransferase activity

0.117 - 0.2068

ATP

0.01 - 0.0509

Gln

5 entries

0.00042 - 0.0024

Glu-tRNAGln

0.0224

L-aspartyl-tRNAAsn

-

37°C, pH 7.2, amidotransferase activity

0.16 - 1.2

L-glutamine

0.19 - 5.6

L-glutamyl-tRNAGln

0.0002

L-glutamyl-tRNAGlu

-

0.00539

tRNAGln1(UUG)

-

pH 7.2, 37°C

-

0.00133

tRNAGln2(CUG)

-

pH 7.2, 37°C

-

0.00361

tRNAGlu

-

pH 7.2, 37°C

additional information

-

aminoacylation kinetics of enzyme variants

-

1.3

Asp-tRNAAsn

-

37°C, pH 7.2, amidotransferase activity

3.61

Asp-tRNAGln

-

37°C, pH 7.2, amidotransferase activity

0.59 - 6.1

ATP

0.052 - 11.8

Gln

0.21 - 1.2

Glu-tRNAGln

0.027

L-aspartyl-tRNAAsn

-

37°C, pH 7.2, amidotransferase activity

1.4 - 1.7

L-glutamine

0.006

tRNAGln1(UUG)

-

pH 7.2, 37°C

-

0.41

tRNAGln2(CUG)

-

pH 7.2, 37°C

-

0.04

tRNAGlu

-

pH 7.2, 37°C

additional information

-

aminoacylation kinetics of enzyme variants

-

400 - 600

Glu-tRNAGln

3 entries

1.4 - 1.7

L-glutamine

1.1

tRNAGln1(UUG)

-

pH 7.2, 37°C

-

308

tRNAGln2(CUG)

-

pH 7.2, 37°C

-

11

tRNAGlu

-

pH 7.2, 37°C

additional information

-

aminoacylation kinetics of enzyme variants

-

0.12

(1R,2R)-1-(4-methylsulfonylphenyl)-2-(S-dioxo-L-methioneamido)-1,3-propanediol

-

pH 7, temperature not specified in the publication

0.027

(1R,2R)-1-(4-nitrophenyl)-2-(S-dioxo-L-methioneamido)-1,3-propanediol

-

pH 7, temperature not specified in the publication

0.4

(1R,2R)-1-phenyl-2-(S-dioxo-L-methioneamido)-1,3-propanediol

-

pH 7, temperature not specified in the publication

0.37

(1R,2S)-1-(4-nitrophenyl)-2-(S-dioxo-L-methioneamido)-1,3-propanediol

-

pH 7, temperature not specified in the publication

2.8

(1S,2R)-1-(4-nitrophenyl)-2-(S-dioxo-L-methioneamido)-1,3-propanediol

-

pH 7, temperature not specified in the publication

0.16

(1S,2S)-1-(4-nitrophenyl)-2-(S-dioxo-L-methioneamido)-1,3-propanediol

-

pH 7, temperature not specified in the publication

0.134

3'-(L-alpha-aspartylamino)-3'-deoxy-N,N-dimethyladenosine

-

0.105

3'-deoxy-3'-(L-alpha-glutamylamino)-N,N-dimethyladenosine

-

0.045

3'-deoxy-3'-(L-glutaminylamino)-N,N-dimethyladenosine

-

0.011

3'-[[(2S)-2-amino-4-(methylsulfinyl)butanoyl]amino]-3'-deoxy-N,N-dimethyladenosine

-

0.004

3'-[[(2S)-2-amino-4-(methylsulfonyl)butanoyl]amino]-3'-deoxy-N,N-dimethyladenosine

-

0.13

3'-[[(2S)-4-carboxy-2-hydroxybutanoyl]amino]-3'-deoxy-N,N-dimethyladenosine

-

0.033

3'-[[2-amino-4-(methylphosphinato)butanoyl]amino]-3'-deoxy-N,N-dimethyladenosine

-

1.85

chloramphenicol

-

pH 7, temperature not specified in the publication

4.1

puromycin

-

very weak inhibitor of AdT

2.4

2'-O-(trinitrophenyl)adenosine 5'-triphosphate

Streptococcus pyogenes

-

IC50: 2.4 mM

2.4

3'-O-(trinitrophenyl)adenosine 5'-triphosphate

Streptococcus pyogenes

-

IC50: 2.4 mM

2.3

adenosine 5'-[beta,gamma-methylene]triphosphate

Streptococcus pyogenes

-

IC50: 2.3 mM

0.026

ADP

Streptococcus pyogenes

-

IC50: 0.026 mM

0.19

ATP-gammaS

Streptococcus pyogenes

-

IC50: 0.19 mM

0.0016

gamma-Glu boronic acid

Streptococcus pyogenes

-

IC50: 0.0016 mM

0.009

-

7

-

assay at

7.2

-

assay at

37

Geobacillus stearothermophilus

-

assay at

716371, 728668

37 - 50

-

492305

Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans

-

492308

-

Chlamydomonas reinhardtii

-

492303, 492307, 492310

-

-

492306

-

Escherichia coli

-

743955

-

Geobacillus stearothermophilus

-

492305

-

-

674787, 692759, 714451, 728391

-

Homo sapiens

3 entries

-

662450, 673689, 716371, 728668

-

-

UniProt

A0A077X9J8 i.e. subunit GatA, A0A077XDD6 i.e. subunit GatB

A0A509AHQ9; A0A509AM58

UniProt

Plasmodium berghei ANKA

A0A077X9J8 i.e. subunit GatA, A0A077XDD6 i.e. subunit GatB

A0A509AHQ9; A0A509AM58

UniProt

Plasmodium falciparum

Q8I1S6 i.e. subunit GatA, C6KTC3 i.e. subunit GatB