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Gen Bank AE000381-derived protein GI 1789361
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GenBank U66520-derived protein GI 1813514
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Glutathione:spermidine ligase (ADP-forming)
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Glutathione:spermidine ligase [ADP-forming]
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Glutathionylspermidine synthetase (Crithidia fasciculata strain HS6 gene Cf-GSS)
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Glutathionylspermidine synthetase (Crithidia fasciculata)
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Glutathionylspermidine synthetase/amidase
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Protein (Escherichia coli strain K12-MG1655 gene gsp)
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Synthetase, glutathionylspermidine
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Synthetase, glutathionylspermidine (Crithidia fasciculata fragment)
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Synthetase, glutathionylspermidine (Crithidia fasciculata strain HS6 gene Cf-GSS)
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Synthetase, glutathionylspermidine (Crithidia fasciculata)
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Synthetase, glutathionylspermidine (Escherichia coli clone pJBM1 gene gsp)
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gamma-L-Glu-L-Cys-Gly + spermidine + MgATP2-
N1-(gamma-L-Glu-L-Cys-Gly)-spermidine + MgADP- + phosphate
glutathione + spermidine + ATP
glutathionylspermidine + ADP + phosphate
glutathionylspermidine + H2O
glutathione + spermidine
amidase activity
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?
2 glutathione + spermidine + 2 ATP
N1,N8-bis(glutathionyl)spermidine + 2 ADP + 2 phosphate
trypanothione synthase overall reaction
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?
gamma-Glu-Gly-Gly + spermidine + ATP
N1-(gamma-Glu-Gly-Gly)-spermidine + ADP + phosphate
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at 14% of the activity with gamma-L-Glu-L-Cys-Gly
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?
gamma-Glu-L-Cys(S-butyl)-Gly + spermidine + ATP
N1-(gamma-Glu-L-Cys(S-butyl)-Gly)-spermidine + ADP + phosphate
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at 24% of the activity with gamma-L-Glu-L-Cys-Gly
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?
gamma-Glu-L-Cys(S-ethyl)-Gly + spermidine + ATP
N1-(gamma-Glu-L-Cys(S-ethyl)-Gly)-spermidine + ADP + phosphate
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at 77% of the activity with gamma-L-Glu-L-Cys-Gly
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?
gamma-Glu-L-Cys(S-propyl)-Gly + spermidine + ATP
N1-(gamma-Glu-L-Cys(S-propyl)-Gly)-spermidine + ADP + phosphate
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at 56% of the activity with gamma-L-Glu-L-Cys-Gly
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?
gamma-Glu-L-Ser-Gly + spermidine + ATP
N1-(gamma-Glu-L-Ser-Gly)-spermidine + ADP + phosphate
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at 16% of the activity with gamma-L-Glu-L-Cys-Gly
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?
gamma-L-Glu-L-Ala-Gly + spermidine + ATP
N1-(gamma-L-Glu-L-Ala-Gly)-spermidine + ADP + phosphate
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at 28% of the activity with gamma-L-Glu-L-Cys-Gly
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?
gamma-L-Glu-L-alpha-aminobutyryl-Gly + spermidine + ATP
N1-(gamma-L-Glu-L-alpha-aminobutyryl-Gly)-spermidine
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gamma-L-Glu-L-alpha-aminobutyryl-Gly i.e. ophthalmic acid
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?
gamma-L-Glu-L-Cys(S-methyl)-Gly + spermidine + ATP
N1-(gamma-L-Glu-L-Cys(S-methyl)-Gly)-spermidine + ADP + phosphate
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at 74% of the activity with gamma-L-Glu-L-Cys-Gly
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?
gamma-L-Glu-L-Cys-Gly + spermidine + ATP
N1-(gamma-L-Glu-L-Cys-Gly)-spermidine + ADP + phosphate
gamma-L-Glu-L-Cys-Gly + spermidine + MgATP2-
N1-(gamma-L-Glu-L-Cys-Gly)-spermidine + MgADP- + phosphate
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substitution of the glycine part abolishes activity
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?
gamma-L-Glu-L-Ile-Gly + spermidine + ATP
N1-(gamma-L-Glu-L-Ile-Gly)-spermidine + ADP + phosphate
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at 70% of the activity with gamma-L-Glu-L-Cys-Gly
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?
gamma-L-Glu-L-Val-Gly + spermidine + ATP
N1-(gamma-L-Glu-L-Val-Gly)-spermidine + ADP + phosphate
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at 88% of the activity with gamma-L-Glu-L-Cys-Gly
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gamma-L-Glutamyl-L-cysteinyl-glycine + spermidine + ATP
?
glutathione + spermidine + ATP
glutathionylspermidine + ADP + phosphate
trypanothione synthase
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?
additional information
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gamma-L-Glu-L-Cys-Gly + spermidine + MgATP2-
N1-(gamma-L-Glu-L-Cys-Gly)-spermidine + MgADP- + phosphate
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?
gamma-L-Glu-L-Cys-Gly + spermidine + MgATP2-
N1-(gamma-L-Glu-L-Cys-Gly)-spermidine + MgADP- + phosphate
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?
glutathione + spermidine + ATP
glutathionylspermidine + ADP + phosphate
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?
glutathione + spermidine + ATP
glutathionylspermidine + ADP + phosphate
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?
glutathione + spermidine + ATP
glutathionylspermidine + ADP + phosphate
specific for, the enzyme is distinct from the trypanothione synthase, which also catalyzes the reaction but converts glutathionylsperimidine further to trypanothione
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glutathione + spermidine + ATP
glutathionylspermidine + ADP + phosphate
glutathionylspermidine is an intermediate formed in the biosynthesis of trypanothione, an essential metabolite in defence against chemical and oxidative stress in the kinetoplastida
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gamma-L-Glu-L-Cys-Gly + spermidine + ATP
N1-(gamma-L-Glu-L-Cys-Gly)-spermidine + ADP + phosphate
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?
gamma-L-Glu-L-Cys-Gly + spermidine + ATP
N1-(gamma-L-Glu-L-Cys-Gly)-spermidine + ADP + phosphate
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?
gamma-L-Glu-L-Cys-Gly + spermidine + ATP
N1-(gamma-L-Glu-L-Cys-Gly)-spermidine + ADP + phosphate
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?
gamma-L-Glu-L-Cys-Gly + spermidine + ATP
N1-(gamma-L-Glu-L-Cys-Gly)-spermidine + ADP + phosphate
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gamma-L-Glutamyl-L-cysteinyl-glycine + spermidine + ATP
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synthesis of trypanothione, which is involved in maintaining intracellular thiol redox and in defense against oxidants
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gamma-L-Glutamyl-L-cysteinyl-glycine + spermidine + ATP
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the enzyme is involved in the biosynthesis of the trypanosomatid-specific dithiol trypanothione
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additional information
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model of ter-reactant mechanism of GspS catalysis and postulated overview
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additional information
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model of ter-reactant mechanism of GspS catalysis and postulated overview
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additional information
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the trypanothione synthase also converts glutathionylspermidine further to trypanothione catalyzing the reaction of EC 6.3.1.9
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additional information
?
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the trypanothione synthase also converts glutathionylspermidine further to trypanothione catalyzing the reaction of EC 6.3.1.9
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?
additional information
?
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the trypanothione synthase also converts glutathionylspermidine further to trypanothione catalyzing the reaction of EC 6.3.1.9
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?
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glutathione + spermidine + ATP
glutathionylspermidine + ADP + phosphate
gamma-L-Glutamyl-L-cysteinyl-glycine + spermidine + ATP
?
glutathione + spermidine + ATP
glutathionylspermidine + ADP + phosphate
trypanothione synthase
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?
additional information
?
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glutathione + spermidine + ATP
glutathionylspermidine + ADP + phosphate
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?
glutathione + spermidine + ATP
glutathionylspermidine + ADP + phosphate
glutathionylspermidine is an intermediate formed in the biosynthesis of trypanothione, an essential metabolite in defence against chemical and oxidative stress in the kinetoplastida
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?
gamma-L-Glutamyl-L-cysteinyl-glycine + spermidine + ATP
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synthesis of trypanothione, which is involved in maintaining intracellular thiol redox and in defense against oxidants
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?
gamma-L-Glutamyl-L-cysteinyl-glycine + spermidine + ATP
?
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the enzyme is involved in the biosynthesis of the trypanosomatid-specific dithiol trypanothione
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?
additional information
?
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the trypanothione synthase also converts glutathionylspermidine further to trypanothione catalyzing the reaction of EC 6.3.1.9
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?
additional information
?
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the trypanothione synthase also converts glutathionylspermidine further to trypanothione catalyzing the reaction of EC 6.3.1.9
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?
additional information
?
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the trypanothione synthase also converts glutathionylspermidine further to trypanothione catalyzing the reaction of EC 6.3.1.9
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?
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0.171 - 0.609
glutathione
0.5
glutathionylspermidine
pH 7.3, 25°C, amidase activity
0.052
ATP
pH 7.2, 25°C, recombinant trypanothione synthase performing the glutathionylspermidine synthase reaction
14
gamma-Glu-L-Cys(S-butyl)-Gly
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0.18
gamma-Glu-L-Cys(S-ethyl)-Gly
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0.53
gamma-Glu-L-Cys(S-propyl)-Gly
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4
gamma-L-Glu-L-Ala-Gly
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0.13
gamma-L-Glu-L-Cys(S-methyl)-Gly
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0.91
gamma-L-Glu-L-Cys-Gly
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0.4
gamma-L-Glu-L-Ile-Gly
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0.67
gamma-L-Glu-L-Val-Gly
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1.175
glutathione
pH 7.2, 25°C, recombinant trypanothione synthase performing the glutathionylspermidine synthase reaction
7.424
spermidine
pH 7.2, 25°C, recombinant trypanothione synthase performing the glutathionylspermidine synthase reaction
0.171
glutathione
pH 7.3, 25°C, synthetase activity of the C79A mutant
0.242
glutathione
pH 7.3, 25°C, synthetase activity
0.609
glutathione
pH 7.2, 25°C
0.096
MgADP-
pH 7.3, 25°C, synthetase activity of the C79A mutant
0.114
MgADP-
pH 7.3, 25°C, synthetase activity
0.059
spermidine
pH 7.3, 25°C, synthetase activity
0.078
spermidine
pH 7.3, 25°C, synthetase activity of the C79A mutant
0.157
spermidine
pH 7.2, 25°C
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Nadeau, K.C.
Biochemical studies on protein folding chaperones (HSP90 and cyclophilin) and on trypanosomal enzymes (trypanothione and glutathionylspermidine synthetases) (heat shock protein)
Diss. Abstr. Int. B
56
3744
1995
Crithidia fasciculata
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brenda
Smith, K.; Nadeau, K.; Bradley, M.; Walsh, C.; Fairlamb, A.H.
Purification of glutathionylspermidine and trypanothione synthetase from Crithidia fasciculata
Protein Sci.
1
874-883
1992
Crithidia fasciculata
brenda
Tetaud, E.; Manai, F.; Barrett, M.P.; Nadeau, K.; Walsh, C.T.; Fairlamb, A.H.
Cloning and characterization of the two enzymes responsible for trypanothione biosynthesis in Crithidia fasciculata
J. Biol. Chem.
273
19383-19390
1998
Crithidia fasciculata, Crithidia fasciculata (P90518)
brenda
De Craecker, S.; Verbruggen, C.; Rajan, P.; Smith, K.; Haemers, A.; Fairlamb, A.H.
Characterization of the peptide substrate specificity of glutathionylspermidine synthetase from Crithidia fasciculata
Mol. Biochem. Parasitol.
84
25-32
1997
Crithidia fasciculata
brenda
Oza, S.L.; Ariyanayagam, M.R.; Fairlamb, A.H.
Characterization of recombinant glutathionylspermidine synthetase/amidase from Crithidia fasciculata
Biochem. J.
364
679-686
2002
Crithidia fasciculata (P90518), Crithidia fasciculata
brenda
Amssoms, K.; Oza, S.L.; Augustyns, K.; Yamani, A.; Lambeir, A.M.; Bal, G.; Van der Veken, P.; Fairlamb, A.H.; Haemers, A.
Glutathione-like tripeptides as inhibitors of glutathionylspermidine synthetase. Part 2: Substitution of the glycine part
Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett.
12
2703-2705
2002
Crithidia fasciculata
brenda
Comini, M.; Menge, U.; Wissing, J.; Flohe, L.
Trypanothione synthesis in Crithidia revisited
J. Biol. Chem.
280
6850-6860
2005
Crithidia fasciculata (P90518), Crithidia fasciculata (Q5DM89), Crithidia fasciculata
brenda
Oza, S.L.; Chen, S.; Wyllie, S.; Coward, J.K.; Fairlamb, A.H.
ATP-dependent ligases in trypanothione biosynthesis - kinetics of catalysis and inhibition by phosphinic acid pseudopeptides
FEBS J.
275
5408-5421
2008
Crithidia fasciculata (P90518), Crithidia fasciculata
brenda