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ATP + 2 L-phenylalanine + tRNAPhe
AMP + diphosphate + bis-L-phenylalanyl-tRNAPhe
-
mechanism, formation of bisphenylalanyl-tRNAPhe with tRNA substrates from Thermus thermophilus, isoacceptor I, and from Escherichia coli, yeast and human, the second phenylalanyl residue is attached to tRNA approximately 50 times more slowly than the first one, the presence of modified nucleotides is not necessary for tRNAPhe overcharging
overcharged product cannot be isolated from living cells
ir
ATP + 3,4-dihydroxy-L-phenylalanine + tRNAPhe
AMP + diphosphate + 3,4-dihydroxy-L-phenylalanyl-tRNAPhe
-
-
-
-
?
ATP + L-Phe + tRNAPhe
AMP + diphosphate + L-phenylalanyl-tRNAPhe
-
-
-
-
?
ATP + L-phenylalanine + tRNAPhe
AMP + diphosphate + L-phenylalanyl-tRNAPhe
ATP + L-phenylalanine + tRNAPhe-s6 G76
AMP + diphosphate + L-phenylalanyl-tRNAPhe-s6 G76
-
tRNAPhe variant, 370fold reduced activity compared to wild-type tRNAPhe
-
?
additional information
?
-
ATP + L-phenylalanine + tRNAPhe
AMP + diphosphate + L-phenylalanyl-tRNAPhe
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-
-
?
ATP + L-phenylalanine + tRNAPhe
AMP + diphosphate + L-phenylalanyl-tRNAPhe
-
-
-
?
ATP + L-phenylalanine + tRNAPhe
AMP + diphosphate + L-phenylalanyl-tRNAPhe
-
-
-
?
ATP + L-phenylalanine + tRNAPhe
AMP + diphosphate + L-phenylalanyl-tRNAPhe
-
-
-
?
ATP + L-phenylalanine + tRNAPhe
AMP + diphosphate + L-phenylalanyl-tRNAPhe
-
-
-
?
ATP + L-phenylalanine + tRNAPhe
AMP + diphosphate + L-phenylalanyl-tRNAPhe
-
-
-
?
ATP + L-phenylalanine + tRNAPhe
AMP + diphosphate + L-phenylalanyl-tRNAPhe
-
-
-
?
ATP + L-phenylalanine + tRNAPhe
AMP + diphosphate + L-phenylalanyl-tRNAPhe
-
-
-
?
ATP + L-phenylalanine + tRNAPhe
AMP + diphosphate + L-phenylalanyl-tRNAPhe
-
-
-
?
ATP + L-phenylalanine + tRNAPhe
AMP + diphosphate + L-phenylalanyl-tRNAPhe
-
-
-
?
ATP + L-phenylalanine + tRNAPhe
AMP + diphosphate + L-phenylalanyl-tRNAPhe
-
-
-
?
ATP + L-phenylalanine + tRNAPhe
AMP + diphosphate + L-phenylalanyl-tRNAPhe
-
-
-
?
ATP + L-phenylalanine + tRNAPhe
AMP + diphosphate + L-phenylalanyl-tRNAPhe
-
-
-
?
ATP + L-phenylalanine + tRNAPhe
AMP + diphosphate + L-phenylalanyl-tRNAPhe
-
-
-
-
?
ATP + L-phenylalanine + tRNAPhe
AMP + diphosphate + L-phenylalanyl-tRNAPhe
-
-
-
ir
ATP + L-phenylalanine + tRNAPhe
AMP + diphosphate + L-phenylalanyl-tRNAPhe
-
-
-
r
ATP + L-phenylalanine + tRNAPhe
AMP + diphosphate + L-phenylalanyl-tRNAPhe
-
-
?
ATP + L-phenylalanine + tRNAPhe
AMP + diphosphate + L-phenylalanyl-tRNAPhe
-
can incorporate more than one molecule of Phe into tRNAPhe. The hyperaminoacylated tRNAPhe is the bis-2',3'-O-phenylalanyl-tRNAPhe
-
?
ATP + L-phenylalanine + tRNAPhe
AMP + diphosphate + L-phenylalanyl-tRNAPhe
-
mutant tRNAs with substitutions at position 16, 17, 19, or 20 (in the D loop), 34-36 (in the anticodon loop), 26, 44 (at the top of the anticodon stem), 56 (in the T loop), 73 (in the acceptor end) and at the base pairs 10*25 (in the D stem), 27*43 and 28*42 (in the anticodon). Nucleotide 20 and some tertiary nucleotides, including the conserved G19*C56 base pair, are proposed to participate in stabilization of the precise tRNA conformation required for efficient aminoacylation
-
?
ATP + L-phenylalanine + tRNAPhe
AMP + diphosphate + L-phenylalanyl-tRNAPhe
-
reaction intermediate aminacyl-AMP stucture
-
r
ATP + L-phenylalanine + tRNAPhe
AMP + diphosphate + L-phenylalanyl-tRNAPhe
-
the recognition of Phe through a mixture of van der Waals interactions and hydrogen bonds
-
?
ATP + L-phenylalanine + tRNAPhe
AMP + diphosphate + L-phenylalanyl-tRNAPhe
-
tRNA substrates from Thermus thermophilus, isoacceptor I, and from Escherichia coli, yeast and human
-
ir
ATP + L-phenylalanine + tRNAPhe
AMP + diphosphate + L-phenylalanyl-tRNAPhe
-
two-step reaction, the first step, formation of phenylalanyl-adenylate intermediate, proceeds also within crystals, where the intermediate is bound to the active site involving neighbouring residues Phe258 and Phe260
-
?
ATP + L-phenylalanine + tRNAPhe
AMP + diphosphate + L-phenylalanyl-tRNAPhe
-
wild-type tRNAPhe substrate, enzyme interacts with the 3'-end of tRNAPhe
-
?
ATP + L-phenylalanine + tRNAPhe
AMP + diphosphate + L-phenylalanyl-tRNAPhe
-
effect of nucleotide replacement in tRNAPhe on positioning of the acceptor end in the complex with phenylalanine-tRNA synthetase
-
-
?
ATP + L-phenylalanine + tRNAPhe
AMP + diphosphate + L-phenylalanyl-tRNAPhe
-
charging of cognate amino acid, conformational changes in tRNAPhe and the catalytic domain are induced by the PheOH-AMP or AMP binding, acceptor arm binding and recognition
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-
?
additional information
?
-
-
no activity with tRNAPhe-s4 U76, a tRNA variant harboring a 4-thiouridine residue in the 3'-end
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?
additional information
?
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-
the enzyme interacts with DNA, more efficiently with single-stranded than with double-stranded DNA, the binding site for DNA is located near the interface between the alpha and beta subunits and is distinct from the tRNAPhe binding site
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?
additional information
?
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-
the enzyme probably interacts with DNA
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?
additional information
?
-
the enzyme specifically binds certain Thermus thermophilus DNA sequences, accession number Y15464, of the genomic DNA
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?
additional information
?
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the enzyme specifically binds certain Thermus thermophilus DNA sequences, accession number Y15464, of the genomic DNA
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?
additional information
?
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the enzyme might by its DNA binding capacity be involved in cellular processes of cell proliferation
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?
additional information
?
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the enzyme might by its DNA binding capacity be involved in cellular processes of cell proliferation
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?
additional information
?
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tRNAPhe binding structure determination: CCA end orientation is stabilized by extensive base-specific interactions of A76 and C75 with the protein and by intra-RNA interactions of A73 with adjacent nucleotides, the 4-amino group of the bulged out C75 is trapped by two negatively charged residues of the beta-subunit, Glubeta31 and Aspbeta33, highly conserved in eubacterial PheRSs, the position of the A76 base is stabilized by interactions with HisR212 of motif 2 (universally conserved in PheRSs) and class II-invariant ArgR321 of motif 3, overview
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?
additional information
?
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editing activity of the isolated recombinant B3/4 editing domain from PheRS, overview
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?
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Bobkova, E.V.; Volfson, A.D.; Ankilova, V.N.; Lavrik, O.I.
Separation and comparative characteristics of subunits of phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase from Escherichia coli MRE-600 and Thermus thermophilus HB8
Biokhimiia
55
525-533
1990
Escherichia coli, Escherichia coli MRE 600, Thermus thermophilus, Thermus thermophilus HB8 / ATCC 27634 / DSM 579
brenda
Goldgur, Y.; Mosyak, L.; Reshetnikova, L.; Ankilova, V.; Lavrik, O.; Khodyreva, S.; Safro, M.
The crystal structure of phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase from Thermus thermophilus complexed with tRNAPhe
Structure
5
59-68
1997
Thermus thermophilus
brenda
Ankilova, V.N.; Reshetnikova, L.S.; Chernaya, M.M.; Lavrik, O.I.
Phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase from Thermus thermophilus HB8. Purification and properties of the crystallizing enzyme
FEBS Lett.
227
9-13
1988
Thermus thermophilus
-
brenda
Mosyak, L.; Reshetnikova, L.; Goldgur, Y.; Delarue, M.; Safro, M.G.
Structure of phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase from Thermus thermophilus
Nat. Struct. Biol.
2
537-547
1995
Thermus thermophilus
brenda
Chernaya, M.M.; Korolev, S.V.; Reshetnikova, L.S.; Safro, M.G.
Preliminary crystallographic study of the phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase from Thermus thermophilus HB8
J. Mol. Biol.
198
555-556
1987
Thermus thermophilus, Thermus thermophilus HB8 / ATCC 27634 / DSM 579
brenda
Mosyak, L.; Safro, M.
Phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase from Thermus thermophilus has four antiparallel folds of which only two are catalytically functional
Biochimie
75
1091-1098
1993
Thermus thermophilus
brenda
Stepanov, V.G.; Moor, N.A.; Ankilova, V.N.; Lavrik, O.I.
Phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase from Thermus thermophilus can attach two molecules of phenylalanine to tRNAPhe
FEBS Lett.
311
192-194
1992
Thermus thermophilus
brenda
Moor, N.A.; Ankilova, V.N.; Lavrik, O.I.
Recognition of tRNAPhe by phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase of Thermus thermophilus
Eur. J. Biochem.
234
897-902
1995
Thermus thermophilus
brenda
Bobkova, E.V.; Mashanov-Golikov, A.V.; Wolfson, A.; Ankilova, V.N.; Lavrik, O.I.
Comparative study of subunits of phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase from Escherichia coli and Thermus thermophilus
FEBS Lett.
290
95-98
1991
Escherichia coli, Thermus thermophilus
brenda
Bobkova, E.V.; Stepanov, V.G.; Lavrik, O.I.
A comparative study of the relationship between thermostability and function of phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase from Escherichia coli and Thermus thermophilus
FEBS Lett.
302
54-56
1992
Escherichia coli, Thermus thermophilus
brenda
Reshetnikova, L.; Chernaya, M.; Ankilova, V.; Lavrik, O.; Delarue, M.; Thierry, J.C.; Moras, D.; Safro, M.
Glycyl-tRNA synthetase: Three-dimensional structure of phenylalanyl-transfer RNA synthetase from Thermus thermophilus HB8 at 0.6-nm resolution
Eur. J. Biochem.
208
411-417
1992
Thermus thermophilus, Thermus thermophilus HB8 / ATCC 27634 / DSM 579
brenda
Fishman, R.; Ankilova, V.; Moor, N.; Safro, M.
Structure at 2.6 A resolution of phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase complexed with phenylalanyl-adenylate in the presence of manganese
Acta Crystallogr. Sect. D
57
1534-1544
2001
Thermus thermophilus
brenda
Vasil'eva, I.A.; Ankilova, V.N.; Lavrik, O.I.; Moor, N.A.
Interaction of T. thermophilus phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase with the 3'-terminal nucleotide of tRNAPhe
Biochemistry
65
1157-1166
2000
Thermus thermophilus
brenda
Ivanov, K.A.; Moor, N.A.; Ankilova, V.N.; Lavrik, O.I.
Phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase interacts with DNA: studies on activity using deoxyribooligonucleotides
Biochemistry (Moscow)
65
436-441
2000
Thermus thermophilus
brenda
Stepanov, V.G.; Moor, N.A.; Ankilova, V.N.; Vasil'eva, I.A.; Sukhanova, M.V.; Lavrik, O.I.
A peculiarity of the reaction of tRNA aminoacylation catalyzed by phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase from the extreme thermophile Thermus thermophilus
Biochim. Biophys. Acta
1386
1-15
1998
Thermus thermophilus, Thermus thermophilus HB8 / ATCC 27634 / DSM 579
brenda
Lechler, A.; Kreutzer, R.
The phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase specifically binds DNA
J. Mol. Biol.
278
897-901
1998
Thermus thermophilus (Q5SGX2 and Q5SGX1), Thermus thermophilus
brenda
Reshetnikova, L.; Moor, N.; Lavrik, O.; Vassylyev, D.G.
Crystal structures of phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase complexed with phenylalanine and a phenylalanyl-adenylate analogue
J. Mol. Biol.
287
555-568
1999
Thermus thermophilus
brenda
Kekenes-Huskey, P.M.; Vaidehi, N.; Floriano, W.B.; Goddard, W.A.
Fidelity of Phenylalanyl-tRNA Synthetase in Binding the Natural Amino Acids
J. Phys. Chem. B
107
11549-11557
2003
Thermus thermophilus
-
brenda
Vasil'eva, I.A.; Favre, A.; Lavrik, O.I.; Moor, N.A.
Effect of nucleotide replacement in tRNAPhe on positioning of the acceptor end in the complex with phenylalanine-tRNA synthetase
Biochemistry
69
154-163
2004
Thermus thermophilus
brenda
Kotik-Kogan, O.; Moor, N.; Tworowski, D.; Safro, M.
Structural basis for discrimination of L-phenylalanine from L-tyrosine by phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase
Structure
13
1799-1807
2005
Thermus thermophilus
brenda
Moor, N.; Kotik-Kogan, O.; Tworowski, D.; Sukhanova, M.; Safro, M.
The crystal structure of the ternary complex of phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase with tRNAPhe and a phenylalanyl-adenylate analogue reveals a conformational switch of the CCA end
Biochemistry
45
10572-10583
2006
Thermus thermophilus
brenda
Oki, K.; Sakamoto, K.; Kobayashi, T.; Sasaki, H.M.; Yokoyama, S.
Transplantation of a tyrosine editing domain into a tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase variant enhances its specificity for a tyrosine analog
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA
105
13298-13303
2008
Escherichia coli, Thermus thermophilus, Pyrococcus horikoshii
brenda
Moor, N.; Klipcan, L.; Safro, M.G.
Bacterial and eukaryotic phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetases catalyze misaminoacylation of tRNAPhe with 3,4-dihydroxy-L-phenylalanine
Chem. Biol.
18
1221-1229
2011
Thermus thermophilus, Homo sapiens, Homo sapiens (O95363)
brenda