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Information on EC 5.1.99.4 - alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase and Organism(s) Homo sapiens and UniProt Accession Q9UHK6

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EC Tree
     5 Isomerases
         5.1 Racemases and epimerases
             5.1.99 Acting on other compounds
                5.1.99.4 alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase
IUBMB Comments
alpha-methyl-branched acyl-CoA derivatives with chain lengths of more than C10 are substrates. Also active towards some aromatic compounds (e.g. ibuprofen) and bile acid intermediates, such as trihydroxycoprostanoyl-CoA. Not active towards free acids
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Homo sapiens
UNIPROT: Q9UHK6
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Word Map
The taxonomic range for the selected organisms is: Homo sapiens
The expected taxonomic range for this enzyme is: Bacteria, Eukaryota, Archaea
Synonyms
amacr, p504s, alpha-methylacyl-coa racemase, alpha-methylacyl-coenzyme a racemase, alpha-methylacyl coenzyme a racemase, alpha-methylacyl coa racemase, amacr/p504s, 2-methylacyl-coa racemase, alpha-methyl coa racemase, 2-arylpropionyl-coa epimerase, more
SYNONYM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
alpha-Methylacyl CoA racemase
-
alpha-methylacyl coenzyme A racemase
-
alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase
-
alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase 1A
-
2-arylpropionyl-CoA epimerase
-
-
-
-
2-methylacyl-CoA racemase
-
-
-
-
alpha-methyl CoA racemase
-
-
alpha-Methylacyl CoA racemase
alpha-methylacyl coenzyme A racemase
-
-
alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase
-
-
alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase 1A
-
-
alpha-methylacyl-coenzyme A racemase
-
-
AMACR
AMACR 1A
-
-
amacr/P504S
-
-
GenBank U89905-derived protein GI2145184
-
-
-
-
GenBank U89906-derived protein GI 2145186
-
-
-
-
ibuprofenoyl-CoA epimerase
-
-
Racemase, alpha-methylacyl coenzyme A
-
-
-
-
Racemase, alpha-methylacyl coenzyme A (Mus musculus clone 3)
-
-
-
-
Racemase, alpha-methylacyl coenzyme A (Rattus norvegicus clone 11)
-
-
-
-
REACTION TYPE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
racemization
racemization
PATHWAY SOURCE
PATHWAYS
-
-, -, -
SYSTEMATIC NAME
IUBMB Comments
2-Methylacyl-CoA 2-epimerase
alpha-methyl-branched acyl-CoA derivatives with chain lengths of more than C10 are substrates. Also active towards some aromatic compounds (e.g. ibuprofen) and bile acid intermediates, such as trihydroxycoprostanoyl-CoA. Not active towards free acids
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER
COMMENTARY hide
156681-44-6
-
197731-71-8
racemase, alpha-methylacyl coenzyme A (Mus musculus clone 3) /genBank U89906-derived protein GI 2145186
197731-72-9
racemase, alpha-methylacyl coenzyme A (Rattus norvegicus clone 11) /genBank U89905-derived protein GI2145184
SUBSTRATE
PRODUCT                       
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate) hide
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product) hide
LITERATURE
(Product)
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
(25R)-trihydroxycoprostanoyl-CoA
(25S)-trihydroxycoprostanoyl-CoA
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
?
(2S)-2-methylacyl-CoA
(2R)-2-methylacyl-CoA
show the reaction diagram
(2S)-pristanoyl-CoA
(2R)-pristanoyl-CoA
show the reaction diagram
(R)-2-methyldecanoyl-CoA
(S)-2-methyldecanoyl-CoA
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
r
(R)-2-methyltetradecanoyl-CoA
(S)-2-methyltetradecanoyl-CoA
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
r
(R)-ibuprofenoyl-CoA
(S)-ibuprofenoyl-CoA
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
r
(R)-pristanoyl-CoA
(S)-pristanoyl-CoA
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
r
(S)-ibuprofenoyl-CoA
(R)-ibuprofenoyl-CoA
show the reaction diagram
3alpha,7alpha,12alpha-trihydroxycholestanoyl-CoA
?
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
?
S-[(2R)-2-methyl-6-[(3alpha,5beta,7alpha)-3,7,12-trihydroxy-10-methylgonan-17-yl]heptanoyl]-CoA
S-[(2S)-2-methyl-6-[(3alpha,5beta,7alpha)-3,7,12-trihydroxy-10-methylgonan-17-yl]heptanoyl]-CoA
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
r
(2S)-2-methylacyl-CoA
(2R)-2-methylacyl-CoA
show the reaction diagram
(R)-2-methyldecanoyl-CoA
(S)-2-methyldecanoyl-CoA
show the reaction diagram
(R)-fenoprofenoyl-CoA
(S)-fenoprofenoyl-CoA
show the reaction diagram
-
best substrate
-
-
?
(R)-ibuprofenoyl-CoA
(S)-ibuprofenoyl-CoA
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
-
?
(R)-pristanoyl-CoA
(S)-pristanoyl-CoA
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
-
?
(S)-2-methyldecanoyl-CoA
(R)-2-methyldecanoyl-CoA
show the reaction diagram
(S)-2-Methyltetradecanoyl-CoA
(R)-2-Methyltetradecanoyl-CoA
show the reaction diagram
-
r
-
-
?
(S)-ketoprofenoyl-CoA
(R)-ketoprofenoyl-CoA
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
-
?
(S)-naproxenoyl-CoA
(R)-naproxenoyl-CoA
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
-
?
(S)-Pristanoyl-CoA
(R)-Pristanoyl-CoA
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
-
?
(S)-Trihydroxycoprostanoyl-CoA
(R)-Trihydroxycoprostanoyl-CoA
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
-
?
3-fluoro-2-methyldecanoyl-CoA
E-2-methyldec-2-enoyl-CoA + HF
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
-
ir
flurbiprofenoyl-CoA
?
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
-
?
pristanoyl-CoA
?
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
NATURAL SUBSTRATE
NATURAL PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate) hide
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product) hide
LITERATURE
(Product)
REVERSIBILITY
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
(2S)-2-methylacyl-CoA
(2R)-2-methylacyl-CoA
show the reaction diagram
(2S)-2-methylacyl-CoA
(2R)-2-methylacyl-CoA
show the reaction diagram
additional information
?
-
INHIBITOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
IMAGE
(11E)-12-iodo-2-methylidenedodec-11-enoyl-CoA
-
(4-tert-butylphenyl)(chloro)acetyl-CoA
-
1-(4-methylphenyl)ethanone
-
13-iodo-2-methylentridec-12-enoic acid
-
14-fluoro-2-methylidenetetradecanoyl-CoA
-
2-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-2-fluoropropanoyl-CoA
-
2-(trifluoromethyl)tetradecanoyl-CoA
-
2-methylidenetetradecanoyl-CoA
-
2-methylmyristoyl-CoA
-
2-trifluoromethyltetradecanoyl-CoA
-
amidocarboxymethyl-dethia-CoA
-
carboxymethyl-dethia-CoA
-
dodecyl(methyl)carbamoyl-CoA
-
dodecylcarbamoyl-CoA
-
dodecylpropanedioyl-CoA
-
ibuprofenoyl-CoA
competitive versus substrate trihydroxycoprostanoyl-CoA
myristoyl-CoA
-
N-acetylamino-4-methylacetophenone
-
N-dodecanoyl-D-alanyl-CoA
-
N-methylthiocarbamate
-
2-(4-Isobutylphenyl)propionic acid
-
-
2-methylmyristoyl-CoA
-
-
2-methyloctanoyl-CoA
-
-
2-phenyl-1,2-benzoselenazol-3(2H)-one
-
more than 95% inhibition
decanoyl-CoA
-
non-competitive substrate inhibition at higher substrate concentrations
dodecylcarbamoyl-CoA
-
83% inhibition
Ibuprofen
-
chemopreventive effects of ibuprofen on prostate cancer risk, which may be enhanced by AMACR genetic variants
palmitoyl-CoA
-
inhibition is caused by the formation of stable mixed micelles
Rose bengal
-
more than 95% inhibition
additional information
-
KM VALUE [mM]
SUBSTRATE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
IMAGE
1.2
(R)-2-methyldecanoyl-CoA
recombinant enzyme, 50 mM NaH2PO4-NaOH, pH 7.2
1.2
(S)-2-methyldecanoyl-CoA
recombinant enzyme, 50 mM NaH2PO4-NaOH, pH 7.2
0.277
(2S)-2-methyldecanoyl-CoA
-
pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.277
(R)-2-methyldecanoyl-CoA
-
pH not specified in the publication, temperature not specified in the publication
0.614
(S)-2-methyldecanoyl-CoA
-
pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.052
(S)-ketoprofenoyl-CoA
-
pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.068
(S)-naproxenoyl-CoA
-
pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.021
3-fluoro-2-methyldecanoyl-CoA
-
anti-enantiomer, pH not specified in the publication, temperature not specified in the publication
0.172
pristanoyl-CoA
-
-
0.0316
trihydroxycoprostanoyl-CoA
-
-
TURNOVER NUMBER [1/s]
SUBSTRATE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
IMAGE
53.8
(R)-2-methyldecanoyl-CoA
recombinant enzyme, 50 mM NaH2PO4-NaOH, pH 7.2
60.9
(S)-2-methyldecanoyl-CoA
recombinant enzyme, 50 mM NaH2PO4-NaOH, pH 7.2
0.031
(2S)-2-methyldecanoyl-CoA
-
pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.031
(R)-2-methyldecanoyl-CoA
-
pH not specified in the publication, temperature not specified in the publication
0.07
(S)-2-methyldecanoyl-CoA
-
pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.015
(S)-ketoprofenoyl-CoA
-
pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.0095
(S)-naproxenoyl-CoA
-
pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.076
3-fluoro-2-methyldecanoyl-CoA
-
anti-enantiomer, pH not specified in the publication, temperature not specified in the publication
kcat/KM VALUE [1/mMs-1]
SUBSTRATE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
IMAGE
44.8
(R)-2-methyldecanoyl-CoA
recombinant enzyme, 50 mM NaH2PO4-NaOH, pH 7.2
50.75
(S)-2-methyldecanoyl-CoA
recombinant enzyme, 50 mM NaH2PO4-NaOH, pH 7.2
0.112
(2S)-2-methyldecanoyl-CoA
-
pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.112
(R)-2-methyldecanoyl-CoA
-
pH not specified in the publication, temperature not specified in the publication
0.114
(S)-2-methyldecanoyl-CoA
-
pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.29
(S)-ketoprofenoyl-CoA
-
pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.14
(S)-naproxenoyl-CoA
-
pH and temperature not specified in the publication
3.61
3-fluoro-2-methyldecanoyl-CoA
-
anti-enantiomer, pH not specified in the publication, temperature not specified in the publication
Ki VALUE [mM]
INHIBITOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
IMAGE
0.000575
(4-tert-butylphenyl)(chloro)acetyl-CoA
pH not specified in the publication, 37°C
0.000254
2-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-2-fluoropropanoyl-CoA
pH not specified in the publication, 37°C
0.000156
2-trifluoromethyltetradecanoyl-CoA
pH not specified in the publication, 37°C
0.000028
amidocarboxymethyl-dethia-CoA
pH not specified in the publication, 37°C
0.0000016
carboxymethyl-dethia-CoA
pH not specified in the publication, 37°C
0.000098
dodecyl(methyl)carbamoyl-CoA
pH not specified in the publication, 37°C
0.000001
dodecylcarbamoyl-CoA
pH not specified in the publication, 37°C
0.0000023
N-dodecanoyl-D-alanyl-CoA
pH not specified in the publication, 37°C
SPECIFIC ACTIVITY [µmol/min/mg]
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
68.4
substrate is (R)-2-methyldecanoyl-CoA, recombinant enzyme, 50 mM NaH2PO4-NaOH, pH 7.2
77.5
substrate is (S)-2-methyldecanoyl-CoA, recombinant enzyme, 50 mM NaH2PO4-NaOH, pH 7.2
additional information
pH OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
7.2
assay at
pH RANGE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
6.5 - 9
-
more than 80% of maximal activity between pH 6.5 and pH 9.0, inactive below pH 5
TEMPERATURE OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
35
assay at
37
assay at
pI VALUE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
10.31
isoenzyme IB, calculated
6.07
isoenzyme IA, calculated
7.01
calculated
9.44
isoenzyme IIB, calculated
9.62
isoenzyme IIA, calculated
9.65
isoenzyme IIAs, calculated
ORGANISM
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
UNIPROT
SEQUENCE DB
SOURCE
SOURCE TISSUE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
SOURCE
enzyme expression analysis by quantitative reverse transcription PCR and immunohistochemistry. AMACR protein expression is closely correlated with the presence of CTNNB1 mutations, overview
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
-
epithelium that is negative for dysplasia and columnar epithelial cell changes indefinite for dysplasia does not demonstrate immunoreactivity for alpha-methylacyl-Coa racemase. Barrett's epithelium with columnar epithelial cell changes indefinite for dysplasia demonstrates alpha-methylacyl-Coa racemase immunoreactivity in 30% of cases
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
-
dysplastic Barretts epithelium, immunohistochemic detection
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
-
upper urinary tract urothelial carcinomas
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
-
weak
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
-
immunohistochemic detection
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
-
patients with chronic inflammatory disease prostate carcinoma
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
-
prostate cancer cell line
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
-
staining for alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase is uniformly negative in samples negative for dysplasia and indefinite for dysplasia. In the groups of high-grade dysplasia and invasive intestinal-type adenocarcinoma, 76% and 34% of samples are positive for alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase, respectively. Expression of alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase is not correlated with location, Helicobacter pylori infection, or intestinal metaplasia
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
-
weak
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
-
primary carcinoma
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
-
immunohistochemic detection and expression analysis, pattern and distribution, overview
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
-
prostate cancer cell line
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
-
from a renal neoplasm
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
-
weak
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
-
prostate cancer cell line
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
-
type 1 and type 2 papillary, conventional, and chromophobe renal cell carcinoma, oncocytomas, mucinous tubular and spindle tumors, urothelial carcinomas, angiomyolipomas, and Bellini carcinomas, immunohistochemical analysis of enzyme expression, overview
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
-
samples of normal adult glands as well as cases of sebaceous hyperplasia, sebaceous adenoma, and basal cell carcinoma with sebaceous differentiation and extraocular sebaceous carcinoma
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
-
patients with AMACR-positive SCLC show a better survival rate
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
-
weak
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
-
weak
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
-
weak
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
additional information
LOCALIZATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
GeneOntology No.
LITERATURE
SOURCE
GENERAL INFORMATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
malfunction
overexpression of alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase is associated with CTNNB1 mutations in hepatocellular carcinomas
metabolism
beta-oxidation of branched-chain fatty acids, important enzyme for the metabolism of branched-chain lipids and drugs
physiological function
malfunction
-
alpha-methylacyl coenzyme A racemase is positive in most cancers and dysplasias but only rarely in nonneoplastic epithelium
physiological function
UNIPROT
ENTRY NAME
ORGANISM
NO. OF AA
NO. OF TRANSM. HELICES
MOLECULAR WEIGHT[Da]
SOURCE
SEQUENCE
LOCALIZATION PREDICTION?
AMACR_HUMAN
382
0
42387
Swiss-Prot
other Location (Reliability: 4)
MOLECULAR WEIGHT
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
22200
isoenzyme IB, calculated
42390
isoenzyme IA, calculated
43830
calculated from amino acid sequence
45000
determined by SDS-PAGE
47150
calculated fpor His-tagged protein
28470
isoenzyme IIAs, calculated
30790
isoenzyme IIB, calculated
31650
isoenzyme IIA, calculated
47100
-
1 * 47100, SDS-PAGE
47700
-
gel filtration
SUBUNIT
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
monomer
-
1 * 47100, SDS-PAGE
TEMPERATURE STABILITY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
35 - 40
-
slow loss of activity
50
-
half-life: 15 min
PURIFICATION (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
purification by affinity chromatography
CLONED (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
AMACR 1A, the major splice variant, is expressed as a His-tag protein in Escherichia coli cells
expression in COS-7 cells
expression in Escherichia coli
expression in Escherichia coli
genotyping, determination of five non-synonymous and two intronic AMACR polymorphisms, no associations between the genetic variants and prostate cancer, overview
-
genotyping, determination of five single nucleotide polymorphisms tagging common haplotype variation within the coding and regulatory regions of AMACR, the risk of familial, but not sporadic, prostate cancer may be associated with germline variation in the AMACR gene, overview
-
EXPRESSION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
enzyme is over-expressed in prostate and other cancers
partial atrophy shows negative and weak expression of alpha-methylacyl coenzyme A racemase in 75.3% and 24.7% acini, the secretory compartment in all variants of complete atrophy shows alpha-methylacyl coenzyme A racemase negative expression
presence of trifluoroibuprofen induces down-modulation of AMACR expression, suppression of the survival Akt/mTOR signalling pathway and down-modulation of cyclin D1 and survivin with G2/M arrest and apoptosis
transcript levels of most AMACR splice variants are significantly upregulated in prostate cancer compared with its adjacent normal counterparts (in the order: IA>> IAd = IIA>> IIAs> IAs), while splice variant IB is the most abundant form of B variant and expression of splice variant IIB is negligible
AMACR is negative in postatrophic hyperplasia, mucinous metaplasia, and urothelial metaplasia
-
AMACR is overexpressed in prostate cancer
-
coexpression of alpha-methylacyl coenzyme A racemase and nuclear p53 in neoplastic lesions
-
decreasing alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase expression in tumors with less sebaceous differentiation, these findings provide insight into the potential pathogenesis of sebaceous neoplasms while assisting in the microscopic distinction of sebaceous adenoma from sebaceous carcinoma
-
enzyme is strongly expressed in prostate cancer cell lines and tissues as compared with benign or normal prostate tissues, furthermore, enzyme is expressed abundantly in colorectal cancer, lung cancer tissues, renal and hepatic cancer, whereas it is barely detected in benign tissues and normal prostate epithelial cells
-
in addition to the over-expression in prostate carcinoma, enzyme is also over-expressed in a number of adenocarcinomas, notably colorectal carcinoma as well as in hepatocellular and renal cell carcinoma
-
patients with benign prostate hyperplasia have negative expression of AMACR
-
positive AMACR immunehistochemistry staining is strongly associated with neoplastic transformation of the colon epithelium, AMACR positively is observed in the majority of invasive cancers and histologically recognized dysplasias
-
significant overexpression of AMACR is found in malignant melanomas compared to benign nevi
-
the expression of alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase is increased in benign sebaceous glands and sebaceous hyperplasia
-
APPLICATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
diagnostics
biomarker for cancer in prostate, breast, colon, renal and other cancer cells
medicine
analysis
-
fluorescent enzyme-linked aptamer assay for alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase. The assay shows a dynamic range from 0.1 to 1000 nM of AMACR, a low detection limit of 0.44 nM (19.5 ng/ml), and high AMACR specificity
diagnostics
drug development
-
AMACR can be an attractive target for cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-based immunotherapy for cancer
medicine
REF.
AUTHORS
TITLE
JOURNAL
VOL.
PAGES
YEAR
ORGANISM (UNIPROT)
PUBMED ID
SOURCE
Schmitz, W.; Albers, C.; Fingerhut, R.; Conzelmann, E.
Purification and characterization of an alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase from human liver
Eur. J. Biochem.
231
815-822
1995
Homo sapiens, Rattus norvegicus
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Van Veldhoven, P.P.; Croes, K.; Casteels, M.; Mannaerts, G.P.
2-Methylacyl racemase: a coupled assay based on the use of pristanoyl-CoA oxidase/peroxidase and reinvestigation of its subcellular distribution in rat and human liver
Biochim. Biophys. Acta
1347
62-68
1997
Homo sapiens, Rattus norvegicus
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Kumar-Sinha, C.; Shah, R.B.; Laxman, B.; Tomlins, S.A.; Harwood, J.; Schmitz, W.; Conzelmann, E.; Sanda, M.G.; Wei, J.T.; Rubin, M.A.; Chinnaiyan, A.M.
Elevated alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase enzymatic activity in prostate cancer
Am. J. Pathol.
164
787-793
2004
Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Mubiru, J.N.; Shen-Ong, G.L.; Valente, A.J.; Troyer, D.A.
Alternative spliced variants of the alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase gene and their expression in prostate cancer
Gene
327
89-98
2004
Homo sapiens (B3KMU8), Homo sapiens (Q6VRU3), Homo sapiens (Q6VRU4), Homo sapiens (Q9UHK6), Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Ananthanarayanan, V.; Deaton, R.J.; Yang, X.J.; Pins, M.R.; Gann, P.H.
Alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase (AMACR) expression in normal prostatic glands and high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HGPIN): association with diagnosis of prostate cancer
Prostate
63
341-346
2005
Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Mubiru, J.N.; Valente, A.J.; Troyer, D.A.
A variant of the alpha-methyl-acyl-CoA racemase gene created by a deletion in exon 5 and its expression in prostate cancer
Prostate
65
117-123
2005
Homo sapiens (Q9UHK6)
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Langner, C.; Rupar, G.
Alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase (AMACR/P504S) protein expression in urothelial carcinoma of the upper urinary tract correlates with tumour progression
Virchows Arch.
448
325-330
2006
Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Mayes, D.C.; Patterson, J.W.; Ramnani, D.M.; Mills, S.E.
alpha-Methylacyl coenzyme A racemase is immunoreactive in extramammary Paget disease
Am. J. Clin. Pathol.
127
567-571
2007
Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Santinelli, A.; Mazzucchelli, R.; Barbisan, F.; Lopez-Beltran, A.; Cheng, L.; Scarpelli, M.; Montironi, R.
alpha-Methylacyl coenzyme A racemase, Ki-67, and topoisomerase IIalpha in cystoprostatectomies with incidental prostate cancer
Am. J. Clin. Pathol.
128
657-666
2007
Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Guzman, G.; Wu, S.J.; Kajdacsy-Balla, A.; Cotler, S.J.
alpha-Methylacyl-CoA racemase (AMACR/P504S) can distinguish hepatocellular carcinoma and dysplastic hepatocytes from benign nondysplastic hepatocytes
Appl. Immunohistochem. Mol. Morphol.
14
411-416
2006
Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Shi, X.; Gong, E.; Wu, X.
alpha-Methylacyl-CoA racemase/P504S overexpression in colorectal carcinoma is correlated with tumor differentiation
Appl. Immunohistochem. Mol. Morphol.
15
175-180
2007
Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Shilo, K.; Dracheva, T.; Mani, H.; Fukuoka, J.; Sesterhenn, I.A.; Chu, W.S.; Shih, J.H.; Jen, J.; Travis, W.D.; Franks, T.J.
Alpha-methylacyl CoA racemase in pulmonary adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and neuroendocrine tumors: expression and survival analysis
Arch. Pathol. Lab. Med.
131
1555-1560
2007
Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Carswell, B.M.; Woda, B.A.; Wang, X.; Li, C.; Dresser, K.; Jiang, Z.
Detection of prostate cancer by alpha-methylacyl CoA racemase (P504S) in needle biopsy specimens previously reported as negative for malignancy
Histopathology
48
668-673
2006
Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Lisovsky, M.; Falkowski, O.; Bhuiya, T.
Expression of alpha-methylacyl-coenzyme A racemase in dysplastic Barretts epithelium
Hum. Pathol.
37
1601-1606
2006
Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Molinie, V.; Balaton, A.; Rotman, S.; Mansouri, D.; De Pinieux, I.; Homsi, T.; Guillou, L.
alpha-Methyl CoA racemase expression in renal cell carcinomas
Hum. Pathol.
37
698-703
2006
Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Sung, M.T.; Jiang, Z.; Montironi, R.; MacLennan, G.T.; Mazzucchelli, R.; Cheng, L.
alpha-Methylacyl-CoA racemase (P504S)/34betaE12/p63 triple cocktail stain in prostatic adenocarcinoma after hormonal therapy
Hum. Pathol.
38
332-341
2007
Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Lin, A.; Weiser, M.R.; Klimstra, D.S.; Paty, P.B.; Tang, L.H.; Al-Ahmadie, H.; Hoo Park, S.; Guillem, J.G.; Temple, L.; Wong, W.D.; Gerald, W.L.; Shia, J.
Differential expression of alpha-methylacyl-coenzyme A racemase in colorectal carcinoma bears clinical and pathologic significance
Hum. Pathol.
38
850-856
2007
Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Olgac, S.; Hutchinson, B.; Tickoo, S.K.; Reuter, V.E.
alpha-Methylacyl-CoA racemase as a marker in the differential diagnosis of metanephric adenoma
Mod. Pathol.
19
218-224
2006
Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Lee, W.A.
alpha-Methylacyl-CoA-racemase expression in adenocarcinoma, dysplasia and non-neoplastic epithelium of the stomach
Oncology
71
246-250
2006
Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Daugherty, S.E.; Shugart, Y.Y.; Platz, E.A.; Fallin, M.D.; Isaacs, W.B.; Pfeiffer, R.M.; Welch, R.; Huang, W.Y.; Reding, D.; Hayes, R.B.
Polymorphic variants in alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase and prostate cancer
Prostate
67
1487-1497
2007
Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Levin, A.M.; Zuhlke, K.A.; Ray, A.M.; Cooney, K.A.; Douglas, J.A.
Sequence variation in alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase and risk of early-onset and familial prostate cancer
Prostate
67
1507-1513
2007
Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Huang, W.; Zhao, J.; Li, L.; Huang, Y.; Yang, X.; Wang, J.; Zhang, T.
a-Methylacyl coenzyme A racemase is highly expressed in the intestinal-type adenocarcinoma and high-grade dysplasia lesions of the stomach
Histol. Histopathol.
23
1315-1320
2008
Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Scheil-Bertram, S.; Lorenz, D.; Ell, C.; Sheremet, E.; Fisseler-Eckhoff, A.
Expression of alpha-methylacyl coenzyme A racemase in the dysplasia carcinoma sequence associated with Barretts esophagus
Mod. Pathol.
21
961-967
2008
Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Gunia, S.; May, M.; Scholmann, K.; Stoerkel, S.; Hoschke, B.; Koch, S.; Dietel, M.; Kristiansen, G.
Expression of alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase correlates with histopathologic grading in noninvasive bladder cancer
Virchows Arch.
453
165-170
2008
Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Trpkov, K.; Bartczak-McKay, J.; Yilmaz, A.
Usefulness of cytokeratin 5/6 and AMACR applied as double sequential immunostains for diagnostic assessment of problematic prostate specimens
Am. J. Clin. Pathol.
132; 211-20
307
2009
Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Worschech, A.; Meirelles, L.; Billis, A.
Expression of alpha-methylacyl coenzyme a racemase in partial and complete focal atrophy on prostate needle biopsies
Anal. Quant. Cytol. Histol.
31
424-431
2009
Homo sapiens (Q9UHK6)
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Kaic, G.; Tomasovic-Loncaric, C.
alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase (AMACR) in fine-needle aspiration specimens of prostate lesions
Diagn. Cytopathol.
37
803-808
2009
Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Marx, A.; Wandrey, T.; Simon, P.; Wewer, A.; Grob, T.; Reichelt, U.; Minner, S.; Simon, R.; Spehlmann, M.; Tigges, W.; Soehendra, N.; Seitz, U.; Seewald, S.; Izbicki, J.; Yekebas, E.; Kaifi, J.; Mirlacher, M.; Terracciano, L.; Fleischmann, A.; Raedler, A.
Combined alpha-methylacyl coenzyme A racemase/p53 analysis to identify dysplasia in inflammatory bowel disease
Hum. Pathol.
40
166-173
2009
Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Halsey, M.A.; Calder, K.B.; Mathew, R.; Schlauder, S.; Morgan, M.B.
Expression of alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase (P504S) in sebaceous neoplasms
J. Cutan. Pathol.
37
446-451
2010
Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Honma, I.; Torigoe, T.; Hirohashi, Y.; Kitamura, H.; Sato, E.; Masumori, N.; Tamura, Y.; Tsukamoto, T.; Sato, N.
Aberrant expression and potency as a cancer immunotherapy target of alpha-methylacyl-coenzyme A racemase in prostate cancer
J. Transl. Med.
7
103
2009
Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Darley, D.J.; Butler, D.S.; Prideaux, S.J.; Thornton, T.W.; Wilson, A.D.; Woodman, T.J.; Threadgill, M.D.; Lloyd, M.D.
Synthesis and use of isotope-labelled substrates for a mechanistic study on human alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase 1A (AMACR; P504S)
Org. Biomol. Chem.
7
543-552
2009
Homo sapiens (Q9UHK6), Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Sattar, F.A.; Darley, D.J.; Politano, F.; Woodman, T.J.; Threadgill, M.D.; Lloyd, M.D.
Unexpected stereoselective exchange of straight-chain fatty acyl-CoA alpha-protons by human alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase 1A (P504S)
Chem. Commun. (Camb. )
46
3348-3350
2010
Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Woodman, T.J.; Wood, P.J.; Thompson, A.S.; Hutchings, T.J.; Steel, G.R.; Jiao, P.; Threadgill, M.D.; Lloyd, M.D.
Chiral inversion of 2-arylpropionyl-CoA esters by human alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase 1A (P504S)-a potential mechanism for the anti-cancer effects of ibuprofen
Chem. Commun. (Camb. )
47
7332-7334
2011
Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Ouyang, B.; Leung, Y.K.; Wang, V.; Chung, E.; Levin, L.; Bracken, B.; Cheng, L.; Ho, S.M.
alpha-Methylacyl-CoA racemase spliced variants and their expression in normal and malignant prostate tissues
Urology
77
2491-2497
2011
Homo sapiens (Q9UHK6)
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Noske, A.; Zimmermann, A.K.; Caduff, R.; Varga, Z.; Fink, D.; Moch, H.; Kristiansen, G.
Alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase (AMACR) expression in epithelial ovarian cancer
Virchows Arch.
459
91-97
2011
Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Morgenroth, A.; Urusova, E.A.; Dinger, C.; Al-Momani, E.; Kull, T.; Glatting, G.; Frauendorf, H.; Jahn, O.; Mottaghy, F.M.; Reske, S.N.; Zlatopolskiy, B.D.
New molecular markers for prostate tumor imaging: a study on 2-methylene substituted fatty acids as new AMACR inhibitors
Chemistry
17
10144-10150
2011
Rattus norvegicus, Homo sapiens (Q9UHK6)
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Carnell, A.; Kirk, R.; Smith, M.; Mckenna, S.; Lian, L.; Gibson, R.
Inhibition of human alpha-methylacyl CoA racemase (AMACR): A target for prostate cancer
ChemMedChem
8
1643-1647
2013
Homo sapiens (Q9UHK6), Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Sekine, S.; Ogawa, R.; Ojima, H.; Kanai, Y.
Overexpression of alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase is associated with CTNNB1 mutations in hepatocellular carcinomas
Histopathology
58
712-719
2011
Homo sapiens (Q9UHK6)
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Annenkov, A.; Nishikura, K.; Domori, K.; Ajioka, Y.
Alpha-methylacyl-coenzyme A racemase expression in neuroendocrine neoplasms of the stomach
Virchows Arch.
461
169-175
2012
Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Festuccia, C.; Gravina, G.L.; Mancini, A.; Muzi, P.; Cesare, E.D.; Kirk, R.; Smith, M.; Hughes, S.; Gibson, R.; Lian, L.Y.; Ricevuto, E.; Carnell, A.J.
Trifluoroibuprofen inhibits alpha-methylacyl coenzyme A racemase (AMACR/P504S), reduces cancer cell proliferation and inhibits in vivo tumor growth in aggressive prostate cancer models
Anticancer Agents Med. Chem.
14
1031-1041
2014
Homo sapiens (Q9UHK6)
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Yang, D.K.; Chen, L.C.; Lee, M.Y.; Hsu, C.H.; Chen, C.S.
Selection of aptamers for fluorescent detection of alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase by single-bead SELEX
Biosens. Bioelectron.
62
106-112
2014
Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Yevglevskis, M.; Lee, G.L.; Threadgill, M.D.; Woodman, T.J.; Lloyd, M.D.
The perils of rational design - unexpected irreversible elimination of fluoride from 3-fluoro-2-methylacyl-CoA esters catalysed by alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase (AMACR; P504S)
Chem. Commun. (Camb.)
50
14164-14166
2014
Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Xu, B.; Cai, Z.; Zeng, Y.; Chen, L.; Du, X.; Huang, A.; Liu, X.; Liu, J.
alpha-Methylacyl-CoA racemase (AMACR) serves as a prognostic biomarker for the early recurrence/metastasis of HCC
J. Clin. Pathol.
67
974-979
2014
Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Yevglevskis, M.; Lee, G.; Sun, J.; Zhou, S.; Sun, X.; Kociok-Koehn, G.; James, T.; Woodman, T.; Lloyd, M.
A study on the AMACR catalysed elimination reaction and its application to inhibitor testing
Org. Biomol. Chem.
14
612-622
2015
Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Abbas, M.; Ploch, E.M.; Wehling, J.; Schipper, E.; Janciauskiene, S.; Kreipe, H.H.; Jonigk, D.
alpha-Methylacyl-coenzyme A racemase (AMACR, p504s) is a marker to distinguish malignant melanomas from dysplastic nevi and melanocytic nevi
Tumour Biol.
35
12015-12020
2014
Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team