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Information on EC 5.1.1.18 - serine racemase and Organism(s) Arabidopsis thaliana and UniProt Accession Q2PGG3

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EC Tree
     5 Isomerases
         5.1 Racemases and epimerases
             5.1.1 Acting on amino acids and derivatives
                5.1.1.18 serine racemase
IUBMB Comments
A pyridoxal-phosphate protein that is highly selective for L-serine as substrate. D-Serine is found in type-II astrocytes in mammalian brain, where it appears to be an endogenous ligand of the glycine site of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors [1,2]. The reaction can also occur in the reverse direction but does so more slowly at physiological serine concentrations .
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This record set is specific for:
Arabidopsis thaliana
UNIPROT: Q2PGG3
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Word Map
The taxonomic range for the selected organisms is: Arabidopsis thaliana
The expected taxonomic range for this enzyme is: Bacteria, Eukaryota, Archaea
Reaction Schemes
Synonyms
serine racemase, srace, t01h8.2, ser racemase, more
SYSTEMATIC NAME
IUBMB Comments
serine racemase
A pyridoxal-phosphate protein that is highly selective for L-serine as substrate. D-Serine is found in type-II astrocytes in mammalian brain, where it appears to be an endogenous ligand of the glycine site of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors [1,2]. The reaction can also occur in the reverse direction but does so more slowly at physiological serine concentrations [4].
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER
COMMENTARY hide
77114-08-0
-
SUBSTRATE
PRODUCT                       
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate) hide
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product) hide
LITERATURE
(Product)
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
L-alanine
D-alanine
show the reaction diagram
13% of the activity with L-serine
-
-
?
L-arginine
D-arginine
show the reaction diagram
7% of the activity with L-serine
-
-
?
L-glutamine
D-glutamine
show the reaction diagram
4.5% of the activity with L-serine
-
-
?
L-serine
D-serine
show the reaction diagram
additional information
?
-
NATURAL SUBSTRATE
NATURAL PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate) hide
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product) hide
LITERATURE
(Product)
REVERSIBILITY
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
L-serine
D-serine
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
?
COFACTOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
IMAGE
pyridoxal 5'-phosphate
required, bound through a Schiff base, conserved binding site structure involving Lys59, Phe58, Gly238, Ser314, and Asn86, overview
METALS and IONS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
Ca2+
activates optimally 3.6fold at 1 mM
Fe2+
activates 1.4fold at 1 mM
Mg2+
activates 2.9fold at 1 mM
Mn2+
activates 3.0fold at 1 mM, synergy between Mg2+ and ATP on activity
additional information
INHIBITOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
IMAGE
additional information
-
ACTIVATING COMPOUND
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
IMAGE
ATP
activates, synergy between Mg2+ and ATP on activity
KM VALUE [mM]
SUBSTRATE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
IMAGE
additional information
additional information
-
pH OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
pH RANGE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
8 - 9.5
high activity within this range
TEMPERATURE OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
ORGANISM
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
UNIPROT
SEQUENCE DB
SOURCE
-
SwissProt
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
SOURCE TISSUE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
SOURCE
-
developing leaf
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
-
tip regions of primary and lateral root
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
-
shoot meristem
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
additional information
UNIPROT
ENTRY NAME
ORGANISM
NO. OF AA
NO. OF TRANSM. HELICES
MOLECULAR WEIGHT[Da]
SOURCE
SEQUENCE
LOCALIZATION PREDICTION?
SRR_ARATH
331
0
35068
Swiss-Prot
other Location (Reliability: 2)
MOLECULAR WEIGHT
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
35000
2 * 35000, about, recombinant enzyme, SDS-PAGE and amino acid sequence calculation
60000
recombinant enzyme, gel filtration
SUBUNIT
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
dimer
2 * 35000, about, recombinant enzyme, SDS-PAGE and amino acid sequence calculation
PURIFICATION (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
recombinant His-tagged enzyme from Escherichia coli strain BL21(DE3) by nickel affinity chromatography
CLONED (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
DNA and amino acid sequence determination and analysis, expression of His-tagged enzyme in Escherichia coli strain BL21(DE3)
REF.
AUTHORS
TITLE
JOURNAL
VOL.
PAGES
YEAR
ORGANISM (UNIPROT)
PUBMED ID
SOURCE
Fujitani, Y.; Nakajima, N.; Ishihara, K.; Oikawa, T.; Ito, K.; Sugimoto, M.
Molecular and biochemical characterization of a serine racemase from Arabidopsis thaliana
Phytochemistry
67
668-674
2006
Arabidopsis thaliana (Q2PGG3), Arabidopsis thaliana
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Sugimoto, M.; Sakamoto, W.; Fujitani, Y.
Localization and expression of serine racemase in Arabidopsis thaliana
Amino Acids
36
587-590
2009
Arabidopsis thaliana
Manually annotated by BRENDA team