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Information on EC 4.2.3.16 - (4S)-limonene synthase and Organism(s) Abies grandis and UniProt Accession Q9M7D0

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EC Tree
     4 Lyases
         4.2 Carbon-oxygen lyases
             4.2.3 Acting on phosphates
                4.2.3.16 (4S)-limonene synthase
IUBMB Comments
A recombinant enzyme (also known as a monoterpene synthase or cyclase) from the grand fir (Abies grandis) requires Mn2+ and K+ for activity. Mg2+ is essentially ineffective as the divalent metal ion cofactor.
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This record set is specific for:
Abies grandis
UNIPROT: Q9M7D0
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Word Map
The taxonomic range for the selected organisms is: Abies grandis
The enzyme appears in selected viruses and cellular organisms
Synonyms
limonene synthase, cstps1, (-)-limonene synthase, (4s)-limonene synthase, more
SYNONYM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
REACTION TYPE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
C-O bond cleavage
-
-
-
-
PATHWAY SOURCE
PATHWAYS
-
-, -, -, -, -, -
SYSTEMATIC NAME
IUBMB Comments
geranyl-diphosphate diphosphate-lyase [cyclizing; (-)-(4S)-limonene-forming]
A recombinant enzyme (also known as a monoterpene synthase or cyclase) from the grand fir (Abies grandis) requires Mn2+ and K+ for activity. Mg2+ is essentially ineffective as the divalent metal ion cofactor.
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER
COMMENTARY hide
110639-20-8
-
SUBSTRATE
PRODUCT                       
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate) hide
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product) hide
LITERATURE
(Product)
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
geranyl diphosphate
(-)-limonene + diphosphate
show the reaction diagram
-
42% terpinolene, 18% (-)-alpha-pinene, 11% (-)-limonene, 10% (-)-beta-pinene plus several minor products
-
?
geranyl diphosphate
(-)-(4S)-limonene + diphosphate
show the reaction diagram
additional information
?
-
entire product set is derived in stereochemically consistent fashion via (-)-3S-linalyl diphosphate as intermediate
-
-
?
NATURAL SUBSTRATE
NATURAL PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate) hide
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product) hide
LITERATURE
(Product)
REVERSIBILITY
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
geranyl diphosphate
(-)-(4S)-limonene + diphosphate
show the reaction diagram
induced by stem wounding, enhances resistance to insects
small amounts of (-)-alpha-pinene, (-)-beta-pinene and beta-phellandrene as side products
?
METALS and IONS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
K+
required, optimum concentration of 0.5 M
Mg2+
ineffective
Mn2+
required
ORGANISM
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
UNIPROT
SEQUENCE DB
SOURCE
-
SwissProt
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
SOURCE TISSUE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
SOURCE
UNIPROT
ENTRY NAME
ORGANISM
NO. OF AA
NO. OF TRANSM. HELICES
MOLECULAR WEIGHT[Da]
SOURCE
SEQUENCE
LOCALIZATION PREDICTION?
TPSD9_ABIGR
630
0
72508
Swiss-Prot
-
MOLECULAR WEIGHT
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
73500
calculated MW of recombinant protein expressed in Escherichia coli
POSTTRANSLATIONAL MODIFICATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
proteolytic modification
sequence contains a putative plastid targeting signal
PROTEIN VARIANTS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
additional information
-
exchange of the predicted helix D through F region gives rise to an (-)-limonene/(-)-alpha-pinene synthase product outcome
CLONED (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
expression in Escherichia coli
expressed in Escherichia coli
REF.
AUTHORS
TITLE
JOURNAL
VOL.
PAGES
YEAR
ORGANISM (UNIPROT)
PUBMED ID
SOURCE
Bohlmann, J.; Steele C.L.; Croteau, R.
Monoterpene synthases from grand fir (Abies grandis): cDNA isolation, characterization, and functional expression of myrcene synthase, (-)-(4S)-limonene synthase, and (-)-(1S,5S)-pinene synthase
J. Biol. Chem.
272
21784-21792
1997
Abies grandis (O22340), Abies grandis
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Katoh S.;Hyatt D.;Croteau R.
Altering product outcome in Abies grandis (-)-limonene synthase and (-)-limonene/(-)-alpha-pinene synthase by domain swapping and directed mutagenesis
Arch. Biochem. Biophys.
425
65-76
2004
Abies grandis
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Bohlmann, J.; Phillips, M.; Ramachandiran, V.; Katoh, S.; Croteau, R.
cDNA cloning, characterization, and functional expression of four new monoterpene synthase members of the Tpsd gene family from grand fir (Abies grandis)
Arch. Biochem. Biophys.
368
232-243
1999
Abies grandis (Q9M7D0)
Manually annotated by BRENDA team