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acetylated alginate
?
-
-
-
-
?
acetylated alginate
acetylated algino-oligosaccharides
-
-
-
?
acetylated poly-(beta-(1->4)-D-mannuronan)
?
-
-
-
-
?
alginate
alpha-L-guluronate + beta-D-mannuronate + algino-disaccharides
-
-
-
-
?
alginate
unsaturated algino-oligosaccharides
alpha-L-guluronosyl linkage in alginate
?
poly(alpha-(1,4)-L-guluronate)
4-O-(4-deoxy-alpha-L-erythro-hex-4-enopyranuronosyl)-(1,4)-alpha-oligo(alpha-(1,4)-L-guluronate)
poly(alpha-(1->4)-L-guluronic acid)
?
poly(alpha-L-1,4-guluronate)
4-O-(4-deoxy-alpha-L-erythro-hex-4-enopyranuronosyl)-(1,4)-alpha-oligo(alpha-(1,4)-L-guluronate)
-
-
-
?
poly(alpha-L-guluronate)
?
poly(beta-(1,4)-D-mannuronate)
4-deoxy-alpha-L-erythro-hex-4-enopyranuronosyl-(1,4)-beta-oligo(beta-(1,4)-D-mannuronate)
poly(beta-(1,4)-D-mannuronate/alpha-(1,4)-L-guluronate)
4-deoxy-alpha-L-erythro-hex-4-enopyranuronosyl-(1,4)-beta-oligo(beta-(1,4)-D-mannuronate) + 4-O-(4-deoxy-alpha-L-erythro-hex-4-enopyranuronosyl)-(1,4)-alpha-oligo(alpha-(1,4)-L-guluronate)
poly(beta-(1->4)-D-mannuronic acid)
?
preferred over poly(alpha-(1->4)-L-guluronic acid)
-
-
?
poly(beta-(1->4)-D-mannuronic acid/alpha-(1->4)-L-guluronic acid)
?
alternating structure of alpha-L-guluronic acid and beta-D-mannuronic acid. 120% of the activity with alginate
-
-
?
poly(beta-D-mannuronate)
4-deoxy-alpha-L-erythro-hex-4-enopyranuronosyl-(1,4)-beta-oligo(beta-(1,4)-D-mannuronate)
-
-
-
?
poly(beta-D-mannuronic acid/alpha-(1->4)-L-guluronic acid)
?
poly-(alpha-L-guluronate)
?
-
-
-
?
poly-(beta-(1->4)-D-mannuronan)
?
poly-alpha-L-guluronic acid
4-deoxy-erythro-hex-4-ene pyranosyluronate + ?
degradation of alginate
-
-
?
poly-alpha-L-guluronic acid
?
poly-alpha-L-guluronic acid
unsaturated 1,4-di-, 1,4-tri- and 1,4-tetrasaccharides of L-guluronate
poly-beta1,4-D-mannuronan
?
saturated deca((1-4)-alpha-L-guluronan)
?
saturated hepta((1-4)-alpha-L-guluronan)
?
saturated hexa((1-4)-alpha-L-guluronan)
saturated di((1-4)-alpha-L-guluronan) + unsaturated tetra((1-4)-alpha-L-guluronan)
-
-
-
?
saturated hexa((1-4)-alpha-L-guluronan)
unsaturated tetramer and a saturated dimer
saturated penta((1-4)-alpha-L-guluronan)
?
saturated penta((1-4)-alpha-L-guluronan)
saturated di((1-4)-alpha-L-guluronan) + unsaturated tri((1-4)-alpha-L-guluronan)
saturated tetra((1-4)-alpha-L-guluronan)
?
unsaturated hepta((1-4)-alpha-L-guluronan)
?
unsaturated hexa((1-4)-alpha-L-guluronan)
unsaturated triguluronic acid + unsaturated tetraguluronic acid
unsaturated pentaguluronan
?
additional information
?
-
alginate
?
-
A1m preferably degrades the heteropolymeric MG and G blocks (1,4 linked alpha-L-guluronic acid) to the M block (beta-D-mannuronic acid). The relative activities for alginate, MG, G, and M blocks are 100%, 131.7%, 83.3%, and 27.3%, respectively
-
-
?
alginate
?
-
high yields of penta-, hex-, and heptasaccharides in the hydrolysis products
-
?
alginate
?
-
optimal conditions are 0.3-0.7% alginate content
-
-
?
alginate
?
AB489222
the bifunctional alginate lyase shows substrate specificity for poly(alpha-L-guluronate) and poly(beta-D-mannuronate) units in alginate molecules, cf. EC 4.2.2.3
-
-
?
alginate
?
AB489222
enzyme shows specificity for polyguluronate and polymannuronate units in alginate molecules
-
-
?
alginate
?
-
enzyme shows specificity for polyguluronate and polymannuronate units in alginate molecules
-
-
?
alginate
?
AB489222
the bifunctional alginate lyase shows substrate specificity for poly(alpha-L-guluronate) and poly(beta-D-mannuronate) units in alginate molecules, cf. EC 4.2.2.3
-
-
?
alginate
?
-
enzyme cleaves the glycosidic linkages between two mannuronates (mannuronate-beta(1-4)-mannuronate) or mannuronate and guluronate (mannuronate-beta(1-4)-guluronate)
-
?
alginate
?
-
enzyme cleaves the glycosidic linkages between two mannuronates (mannuronate-beta(1-4)-mannuronate) or mannuronate and guluronate (mannuronate-beta(1-4)-guluronate)
-
?
alginate
?
-
the enzyme endolytically depolymerizes alginate by beta-elimination into oligo-alginates with degrees of polymerization of 2-5
-
-
?
alginate
?
AlgMytC is predicted to preferably degrade guluronate-blocks because of the presence of the QIH motif in the conserved signature of the amino acid sequence
-
-
?
alginate
?
-
enzyme degrades alginate into a mixture of products with molecular masses below 1000 Da
-
?
alginate
unsaturated algino-oligosaccharides
-
-
-
?
alginate
unsaturated algino-oligosaccharides
-
-
-
-
?
alginate
unsaturated algino-oligosaccharides
-
-
-
?
alginate
unsaturated algino-oligosaccharides
-
-
-
?
alginate
unsaturated algino-oligosaccharides
-
-
-
?
alginate
unsaturated algino-oligosaccharides
-
-
-
?
alginate
unsaturated algino-oligosaccharides
-
-
-
?
alginate
unsaturated algino-oligosaccharides
-
-
-
?
alginate
unsaturated algino-oligosaccharides
-
-
-
-
?
alginate
unsaturated algino-oligosaccharides
best substrate
-
-
?
alginate
unsaturated algino-oligosaccharides
-
-
-
-
?
alginate
unsaturated algino-oligosaccharides
-
about 50% of the activity with poly(alpha-(1,4)-L-guluronate)
-
-
?
alginate
unsaturated algino-oligosaccharides
-
-
-
-
?
alginate
unsaturated algino-oligosaccharides
-
-
-
?
alginate
unsaturated algino-oligosaccharides
-
-
-
?
alginate
unsaturated algino-oligosaccharides
-
-
-
?
alginate
unsaturated algino-oligosaccharides
-
-
-
?
alginate
unsaturated algino-oligosaccharides
-
-
-
?
alginate
unsaturated algino-oligosaccharides
-
-
-
?
alginate
unsaturated algino-oligosaccharides
-
-
-
?
alpha-L-guluronosyl linkage in alginate
?
-
-
-
?
alpha-L-guluronosyl linkage in alginate
?
-
endolyase
-
-
?
alpha-L-guluronosyl linkage in alginate
?
-
specific for cleaving at the beta-1,4 glycosidic bond between polyM and polyG blocks of sodium alginate, producing homopolymeric blocks of polyM and polyG. Enzyme is inefficient in the degradation of polyM and polyG
-
-
?
alpha-L-guluronosyl linkage in alginate
?
-
endolyase
-
-
?
alpha-L-guluronosyl linkage in alginate
?
endolyase
-
-
?
alpha-L-guluronosyl linkage in alginate
?
-
endolyase
-
-
?
alpha-L-guluronosyl linkage in alginate
?
-
-
-
-
?
alpha-L-guluronosyl linkage in alginate
?
-
endolyase
-
-
?
alpha-L-guluronosyl linkage in alginate
?
-
significant activity is found not only on guluronate-guluronate linkages but also on guluronate-mannuronate linkages
-
-
?
alpha-L-guluronosyl linkage in alginate
?
-
endolyase
-
-
?
alpha-L-guluronosyl linkage in alginate
?
-
significant activity is found not only on guluronate-guluronate linkages but also on guluronate-mannuronate linkages
-
-
?
alpha-L-guluronosyl linkage in alginate
?
-
-
-
-
?
alpha-L-guluronosyl linkage in alginate
?
-
-
-
-
?
alpha-L-guluronosyl linkage in alginate
?
-
-
-
-
?
alpha-L-guluronosyl linkage in alginate
?
-
activity is highest on short-chain poly-guluronic acid blocks and guluronic-rich alginate, intracellular and extracellular enzymes are endo-lyases, O-acetylation and carboxyl esterification of alginate substrate inhibits intracellular enzyme action
-
-
?
alpha-L-guluronosyl linkage in alginate
?
-
-
-
-
?
alpha-L-guluronosyl linkage in alginate
?
-
significant activity is found not only on guluronate-guluronate linkages but also on guluronate-mannuronate linkages
-
-
?
alpha-L-guluronosyl linkage in alginate
?
endolyase
-
-
?
alpha-L-guluronosyl linkage in alginate
?
-
-
enzyme shows activities toward both polyG, i.e. poly-alpha-(1->4)-L-guluronic acid, and polyM, i.e. poly-beta-D-mannuronic acid
-
?
alpha-L-guluronosyl linkage in alginate
?
-
alginate lyase isoform C has the specificity for G block while alginate lyases A and B have the activities for both M and G blocks. For isoform A, the enzyme activity acting on M block is much more than that of G block, for alginate lyase B, the enzyme activity on M block is slightly higher than that on G block and there is no obvious substrate specificity difference between them
-
-
?
alpha-L-guluronosyl linkage in alginate
?
-
alginate lyase isoform C has the specificity for G block while alginate lyases A and B have the activities for both M and G blocks. For isoform A, the enzyme activity acting on M block is much more than that of G block, for alginate lyase B, the enzyme activity on M block is slightly higher than that on G block and there is no obvious substrate specificity difference between them
-
-
?
alpha-L-guluronosyl linkage in alginate
?
-
-
products are six different di-and trisaccharides. The enzymatic hydrolysis occurs between two random guluronic acid or/and mannuronic acid residues, and produces one G residue or M residue on the reducing end and an unsaturated residue on the non-reducing end for all products
-
?
alpha-L-guluronosyl linkage in alginate
?
-
-
products are six different di-and trisaccharides. The enzymatic hydrolysis occurs between two random guluronic acid or/and mannuronic acid residues, and produces one G residue or M residue on the reducing end and an unsaturated residue on the non-reducing end for all products
-
?
alpha-L-guluronosyl linkage in alginate
?
-
-
-
-
?
alpha-L-guluronosyl linkage in alginate
?
-
endolyase
-
-
?
alpha-L-guluronosyl linkage in alginate
?
-
endolyase
-
-
?
alpha-L-guluronosyl linkage in alginate
?
-
-
-
-
?
alpha-L-guluronosyl linkage in alginate
?
-
final degradation products are alginate monosaccharides
-
?
alpha-L-guluronosyl linkage in alginate
?
-
final degradation products are alginate monosaccharides
-
?
alpha-L-guluronosyl linkage in alginate
?
preferably degrades G blocks
-
-
?
alpha-L-guluronosyl linkage in alginate
?
preferably degrades the M block to the G block in alginate
-
-
?
alpha-L-guluronosyl linkage in alginate
?
preferably degrades the M block to the G block in alginate
-
-
?
alpha-L-guluronosyl linkage in alginate
?
preferably degrades G blocks
-
-
?
poly(alpha-(1,4)-L-guluronate)
4-O-(4-deoxy-alpha-L-erythro-hex-4-enopyranuronosyl)-(1,4)-alpha-oligo(alpha-(1,4)-L-guluronate)
-
-
-
-
?
poly(alpha-(1,4)-L-guluronate)
4-O-(4-deoxy-alpha-L-erythro-hex-4-enopyranuronosyl)-(1,4)-alpha-oligo(alpha-(1,4)-L-guluronate)
reaction of EC 4.2.2.11
-
-
?
poly(alpha-(1,4)-L-guluronate)
4-O-(4-deoxy-alpha-L-erythro-hex-4-enopyranuronosyl)-(1,4)-alpha-oligo(alpha-(1,4)-L-guluronate)
-
-
-
?
poly(alpha-(1,4)-L-guluronate)
4-O-(4-deoxy-alpha-L-erythro-hex-4-enopyranuronosyl)-(1,4)-alpha-oligo(alpha-(1,4)-L-guluronate)
-
-
-
?
poly(alpha-(1,4)-L-guluronate)
4-O-(4-deoxy-alpha-L-erythro-hex-4-enopyranuronosyl)-(1,4)-alpha-oligo(alpha-(1,4)-L-guluronate)
-
-
-
?
poly(alpha-(1,4)-L-guluronate)
4-O-(4-deoxy-alpha-L-erythro-hex-4-enopyranuronosyl)-(1,4)-alpha-oligo(alpha-(1,4)-L-guluronate)
-
-
-
-
?
poly(alpha-(1,4)-L-guluronate)
4-O-(4-deoxy-alpha-L-erythro-hex-4-enopyranuronosyl)-(1,4)-alpha-oligo(alpha-(1,4)-L-guluronate)
about 60% of the activity with alginate
-
-
?
poly(alpha-(1,4)-L-guluronate)
4-O-(4-deoxy-alpha-L-erythro-hex-4-enopyranuronosyl)-(1,4)-alpha-oligo(alpha-(1,4)-L-guluronate)
-
-
-
-
?
poly(alpha-(1,4)-L-guluronate)
4-O-(4-deoxy-alpha-L-erythro-hex-4-enopyranuronosyl)-(1,4)-alpha-oligo(alpha-(1,4)-L-guluronate)
-
-
-
-
?
poly(alpha-(1,4)-L-guluronate)
4-O-(4-deoxy-alpha-L-erythro-hex-4-enopyranuronosyl)-(1,4)-alpha-oligo(alpha-(1,4)-L-guluronate)
-
-
-
?
poly(alpha-(1,4)-L-guluronate)
4-O-(4-deoxy-alpha-L-erythro-hex-4-enopyranuronosyl)-(1,4)-alpha-oligo(alpha-(1,4)-L-guluronate)
-
-
-
?
poly(alpha-(1,4)-L-guluronate)
4-O-(4-deoxy-alpha-L-erythro-hex-4-enopyranuronosyl)-(1,4)-alpha-oligo(alpha-(1,4)-L-guluronate)
-
-
-
?
poly(alpha-(1,4)-L-guluronate)
4-O-(4-deoxy-alpha-L-erythro-hex-4-enopyranuronosyl)-(1,4)-alpha-oligo(alpha-(1,4)-L-guluronate)
-
-
-
?
poly(alpha-(1,4)-L-guluronate)
4-O-(4-deoxy-alpha-L-erythro-hex-4-enopyranuronosyl)-(1,4)-alpha-oligo(alpha-(1,4)-L-guluronate)
-
-
-
?
poly(alpha-(1->4)-L-guluronic acid)
?
preferred over poly-(beta1,4-D-mannuronan)
-
-
?
poly(alpha-(1->4)-L-guluronic acid)
?
-
-
-
-
?
poly(alpha-(1->4)-L-guluronic acid)
?
-
-
-
-
?
poly(alpha-(1->4)-L-guluronic acid)
?
-
-
-
-
?
poly(alpha-(1->4)-L-guluronic acid)
?
-
-
-
-
?
poly(alpha-(1->4)-L-guluronic acid)
?
90% of the activity with alginate
-
-
?
poly(alpha-(1->4)-L-guluronic acid)
?
-
-
-
?
poly(alpha-(1->4)-L-guluronic acid)
?
-
108% of the activity with alginate
main products are disaccharide, trisaccharide and tetrasaccharide
-
?
poly(alpha-L-guluronate)
?
AB489222
-
-
-
?
poly(alpha-L-guluronate)
?
AB489222
-
-
-
?
poly(alpha-L-guluronate)
?
-
-
-
-
?
poly(alpha-L-guluronate)
?
-
-
-
-
?
poly(alpha-L-guluronate)
?
-
-
-
-
?
poly(alpha-L-guluronate)
?
-
best substrate
-
-
?
poly(alpha-L-guluronate)
?
-
-
-
?
poly(alpha-L-guluronate)
?
unmodified substrate poly-G blocks and substrate that with its reducing end being reduced using sodium borohydride prior to the digestion
-
-
?
poly(alpha-L-guluronate)
?
-
-
-
?
poly(beta-(1,4)-D-mannuronate)
4-deoxy-alpha-L-erythro-hex-4-enopyranuronosyl-(1,4)-beta-oligo(beta-(1,4)-D-mannuronate)
-
reaction of EC 4.2.2.3
-
-
?
poly(beta-(1,4)-D-mannuronate)
4-deoxy-alpha-L-erythro-hex-4-enopyranuronosyl-(1,4)-beta-oligo(beta-(1,4)-D-mannuronate)
-
-
-
?
poly(beta-(1,4)-D-mannuronate)
4-deoxy-alpha-L-erythro-hex-4-enopyranuronosyl-(1,4)-beta-oligo(beta-(1,4)-D-mannuronate)
reaction of EC 4.2.2.3
-
-
?
poly(beta-(1,4)-D-mannuronate)
4-deoxy-alpha-L-erythro-hex-4-enopyranuronosyl-(1,4)-beta-oligo(beta-(1,4)-D-mannuronate)
reaction of EC 4.2.2.3
-
-
?
poly(beta-(1,4)-D-mannuronate)
4-deoxy-alpha-L-erythro-hex-4-enopyranuronosyl-(1,4)-beta-oligo(beta-(1,4)-D-mannuronate)
-
reaction of EC 4.2.2.3, about 50% of the activity with poly(alpha-(1,4)-L-guluronate) or alginate
-
-
?
poly(beta-(1,4)-D-mannuronate)
4-deoxy-alpha-L-erythro-hex-4-enopyranuronosyl-(1,4)-beta-oligo(beta-(1,4)-D-mannuronate)
reaction of EC 4.2.2.3, about 30% of the activity with alginate
-
-
?
poly(beta-(1,4)-D-mannuronate)
4-deoxy-alpha-L-erythro-hex-4-enopyranuronosyl-(1,4)-beta-oligo(beta-(1,4)-D-mannuronate)
-
reaction of EC 4.2.2.3, about 20% of the activity with poly(alpha-(1,4)-L-guluronate)
-
-
?
poly(beta-(1,4)-D-mannuronate)
4-deoxy-alpha-L-erythro-hex-4-enopyranuronosyl-(1,4)-beta-oligo(beta-(1,4)-D-mannuronate)
reaction of EC 4.2.2.3
-
-
?
poly(beta-(1,4)-D-mannuronate)
4-deoxy-alpha-L-erythro-hex-4-enopyranuronosyl-(1,4)-beta-oligo(beta-(1,4)-D-mannuronate)
reaction of EC 4.2.2.3
-
-
?
poly(beta-(1,4)-D-mannuronate)
4-deoxy-alpha-L-erythro-hex-4-enopyranuronosyl-(1,4)-beta-oligo(beta-(1,4)-D-mannuronate)
-
-
-
?
poly(beta-(1,4)-D-mannuronate)
4-deoxy-alpha-L-erythro-hex-4-enopyranuronosyl-(1,4)-beta-oligo(beta-(1,4)-D-mannuronate)
reaction of EC 4.2.2.3
-
-
?
poly(beta-(1,4)-D-mannuronate)
4-deoxy-alpha-L-erythro-hex-4-enopyranuronosyl-(1,4)-beta-oligo(beta-(1,4)-D-mannuronate)
reaction of EC 4.2.2.3
-
-
?
poly(beta-(1,4)-D-mannuronate/alpha-(1,4)-L-guluronate)
4-deoxy-alpha-L-erythro-hex-4-enopyranuronosyl-(1,4)-beta-oligo(beta-(1,4)-D-mannuronate) + 4-O-(4-deoxy-alpha-L-erythro-hex-4-enopyranuronosyl)-(1,4)-alpha-oligo(alpha-(1,4)-L-guluronate)
-
-
-
-
?
poly(beta-(1,4)-D-mannuronate/alpha-(1,4)-L-guluronate)
4-deoxy-alpha-L-erythro-hex-4-enopyranuronosyl-(1,4)-beta-oligo(beta-(1,4)-D-mannuronate) + 4-O-(4-deoxy-alpha-L-erythro-hex-4-enopyranuronosyl)-(1,4)-alpha-oligo(alpha-(1,4)-L-guluronate)
-
about 30% of the activity with poly(alpha-(1,4)-L-guluronate)
-
-
?
poly(beta-(1,4)-D-mannuronate/alpha-(1,4)-L-guluronate)
4-deoxy-alpha-L-erythro-hex-4-enopyranuronosyl-(1,4)-beta-oligo(beta-(1,4)-D-mannuronate) + 4-O-(4-deoxy-alpha-L-erythro-hex-4-enopyranuronosyl)-(1,4)-alpha-oligo(alpha-(1,4)-L-guluronate)
-
-
-
?
poly(beta-D-mannuronic acid/alpha-(1->4)-L-guluronic acid)
?
-
alternating structure of alpha-L-guluronic acid and beta-D-mannuronic acid. In wild-type, ratio of activity against poly(beta-D-mannuronic acid/alpha-L-guluronic acid) to poly(alpha-L-guluronic acid) is 1.2
-
-
?
poly(beta-D-mannuronic acid/alpha-(1->4)-L-guluronic acid)
?
-
alternating structure of alpha-L-guluronic acid and beta-D-mannuronic acid. In wild-type, ratio of activity against poly(beta-D-mannuronic acid/alpha-L-guluronic acid) to poly(alpha-L-guluronic acid) is 1.2
-
-
?
poly-(beta-(1->4)-D-mannuronan)
?
-
-
-
?
poly-(beta-(1->4)-D-mannuronan)
?
-
Km value decreases with increasing substrate length, and kcat/Km increases. Oligomers containing fewer than 9-10 residues are not substrates
-
-
?
poly-(beta-(1->4)-D-mannuronan)
?
-
30% of the activity with alginate
main products are trisaccharide, tetrasaccharide and pentasaccharide
-
?
poly-alpha-L-guluronic acid
?
4.2.2.11 guluronate-specific alginate lyase
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