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Information on EC 4.2.1.39 - gluconate dehydratase
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EC Tree
4.2.1.39 gluconate dehydrataseIUBMB Comments
The enzyme shows no activity with D-galactonate . cf. EC 4.2.1.140, gluconate/galactonate dehydratase.
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Word Map
- 4.2.1.39
-
entner-doudoroff
- aldolase
-
hyperthermophilic
-
sulfolobus
- archaeon
- solfataricus
-
non-phosphorylative
- 2-keto-3-deoxygluconate
- synthesis
- kdg
- galactose
-
thermoacidophilic
- dehydration
- d-glyceraldehyde
- 2-keto-3-deoxy-d-gluconate
- 2-keto-3-deoxy-6-phosphogluconate
-
epimers
-
picrophilus
- galactonate
- torridus
- tenax
-
aldol
- d-glucose
-
halophilic
- pasteurianum
-
embden-meyerhof
-
thermoproteus
The expected taxonomic range for this enzyme is: Bacteria, Eukaryota, Archaea
Synonyms
gluconate dehydratase, d-gluconate dehydratase, hvo_1488, 
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SYNONYM 
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY 
LITERATURE
D-gluconate dehydratase
dehydratase, gluconate
-
-
-
-
GAD
GlcD
gluconate dehydratase
GNAD
HVO_1488
TTX1156
TTX_1156
D-gluconate dehydratase
-
-
-
-
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REACTION
REACTION DIAGRAM
COMMENTARY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
D-gluconate = 2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconate + H2O
-
-
-
-
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REACTION TYPE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
elimination
elimination
-
-
-
-
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PATHWAY SOURCE
PATHWAYS
BRENDA
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SYSTEMATIC NAME
IUBMB Comments
D-gluconate hydro-lyase (2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconate-forming)
The enzyme shows no activity with D-galactonate [2]. cf. EC 4.2.1.140, gluconate/galactonate dehydratase.
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CAS REGISTRY NUMBER
COMMENTARY
37290-75-8
-
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SUBSTRATE
PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
D-galactoheptonate
2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-galactoheptonate + H2O
-
1.6% of the activity with D-gluconate
-
-
?
D-galactonate
2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-galactonate + H2O
-
substrate specificity 14%
-
-
?
D-galactonate
2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-galactonate + H2O
low activity
-
-
?
D-galactonate
2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-galactonate + H2O
low activity
-
-
?
D-galactonate
2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-galactonate + H2O
-
2.8% of the activity with D-gluconate. Studies by other groups reveal a catalytic efficiency of 20% for D-galactonate compared to D-gluconate
-
-
?
D-gluconate
2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconate + H2O
-
substrate specificity 100%
-
-
?
D-gluconate
2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconate + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
D-gluconate
2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconate + H2O
-
key enzyme in the non-phosphorylated Entner-Doudoroff pathway
-
-
?
D-gluconate
2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconate + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
D-gluconate
2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconate + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
D-gluconate
2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconate + H2O
no activity with D-galactopnate and D-xylonate
-
-
?
D-gluconate
2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconate + H2O
no activity with D-galactopnate and D-xylonate
-
-
?
D-gluconate
?
-
first enzyme in modified Entner-Doudoroff pathway
-
-
?
D-gluconate
?
-
involved in conventional Entner-Doudoroff pathway for gluconate utilization
-
-
?
D-gluconate
?
-
first enzyme in modified Entner-Doudoroff pathway
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
specific for aldonic acids with 5 or 6 carbon atoms, having hydroxyl groups at C-2 and C-3 in L-threo configuration, no activity with various other compounds tested
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
specific for aldonic acids with 5 or 6 carbon atoms, having hydroxyl groups at C-2 and C-3 in L-threo configuration, no activity with various other compounds tested
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
only substrate is D-gluconate, not: D-galactonate, D-galactarate, D-galacturonate, 6-phospho-D-gluconate, D-arabonate, D-xylonate, L-mannonate, D-glucoheptonate
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
the enzyme catalyzes the specific dehydration of gluconate and does not utilize galactonate at significant rates
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the enzyme catalyzes the specific dehydration of gluconate and does not utilize galactonate at significant rates
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
the enzyme catalyzes the specific dehydration of gluconate and does not utilize galactonate at significant rates
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
xylonate (10 mM) is not utilized
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
gluconate dehydratase being active only with C6 metabolites
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
gluconate dehydratase being active only with C6 metabolites
-
-
?
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NATURAL SUBSTRATE
NATURAL PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
REVERSIBILITY
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
D-gluconate
2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconate + H2O
-
substrate specificity 100%
-
-
?
D-gluconate
2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconate + H2O
-
key enzyme in the non-phosphorylated Entner-Doudoroff pathway
-
-
?
D-gluconate
2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconate + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
D-gluconate
2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconate + H2O
-
-
-
-
?
D-gluconate
?
-
first enzyme in modified Entner-Doudoroff pathway
-
-
?
D-gluconate
?
-
involved in conventional Entner-Doudoroff pathway for gluconate utilization
-
-
?
D-gluconate
?
-
first enzyme in modified Entner-Doudoroff pathway
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
gluconate dehydratase being active only with C6 metabolites
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
gluconate dehydratase being active only with C6 metabolites
-
-
?
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METALS and IONS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
Cd2+
the enzyme is activated by the presence of Co2+, Mg2+, Ni2+, Cd2+
Co2+
Fe2+
Mg2+
Mn2+
Ni2+
Co2+
-
Fe2+ best activator, Mn2+, Co2+, Mg2+ can partially replace
Co2+
the enzyme is activated by the presence of Co2+, Mg2+, Ni2+, Cd2+
Fe2+
-
at 2 mM most effective, activates and reactivates after O2 inactivation, probably two distinct sites for activation and reactivation, Mn2+, Co2+, Mg2+ can partially replace
Mg2+
-
Fe2+ best activator, Mn2+, Co2+, Mg2+ can partially replace
Mg2+
the enzyme is activated by the presence of Co2+, Mg2+, Ni2+, Cd2+
Mn2+
-
Fe2+ most effective, Mn2+, Co2+, Mg2+ can partially replace
Ni2+
the enzyme is activated by the presence of Co2+, Mg2+, Ni2+, Cd2+
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INHIBITOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
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ACTIVATING COMPOUND
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
sulfhydryl compounds
-
Fe2+ and sulfhydryl compound required, cysteine, Na-thioglycollate, and glutathione equally effective
sulfhydryl compounds
-
e.g. 2-mercaptoethanol or dithiothreitol, activate and inhibit
additional information
-
several metabolites tested, but without effect
-
additional information
-
activation necessary prior to fermentation use
-
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DISEASE
TITLE OF PUBLICATION
LINK TO PUBMED
Dehydration
Metabolic pathway promiscuity in the archaeon Sulfolobus solfataricus revealed by studies on glucose dehydrogenase and 2-keto-3-deoxygluconate aldolase.
Dehydration
The structural basis for substrate promiscuity in 2-keto-3-deoxygluconate aldolase from the Entner-Doudoroff pathway in Sulfolobus solfataricus.
Starvation
A suf operon requirement for Fe-S cluster assembly during iron starvation in Escherichia coli.
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KM VALUE [mM]
SUBSTRATE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
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TURNOVER NUMBER [1/s]
SUBSTRATE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
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SPECIFIC ACTIVITY [µmol/min/mg]
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
0.027
0.031
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pH OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
7.5
7.6
8.5
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pH RANGE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
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TEMPERATURE OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
25
30
40
50
30