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Information on EC 4.1.1.7 - benzoylformate decarboxylase
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4.1.1.7 benzoylformate decarboxylaseIUBMB Comments
A thiamine-diphosphate protein.
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Word Map
- 4.1.1.7
- thiamin
- putida
-
thdp-dependent
-
diphosphate-dependent
-
carboligation
-
carboligase
- acyloin
-
r-benzoin
- synthesis
- s-mandelate
-
2-keto
- biotechnology
The expected taxonomic range for this enzyme is: Bacteria, Eukaryota, Archaea
Synonyms
benzoylformate decarboxylase, bfdc, phenylglyoxylate decarboxylase, 
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SYNONYM 
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY 
LITERATURE
BFD
BfdB
BFDC
BfdM
Decarboxylase, benzoylformate
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MdlC
Phenylglyoxylate decarboxylase
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-
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BFD
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-
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BFD
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BFD
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catalyzes the asymmetric ligation of aliphatic aldehydes to afford enantiomerically enriched 2-hydroxy ketones
BFD
catalyzes a carboligase reaction that yields 2-hydroxypropiophenone, by using benzoylformate and acetaldehyde as substrates, and is able to catalyze the carboligation of a broad range of aldehydes
BFDC
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-
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REACTION
REACTION DIAGRAM
COMMENTARY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
phenylglyoxylate = benzaldehyde + CO2
the reaction has two partially rate-determining steps: initial tetrahedral adduct formation and decarboxylation
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phenylglyoxylate = benzaldehyde + CO2
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REACTION TYPE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
C-C bond formation
decarboxylation
decarboxylation
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PATHWAY SOURCE
PATHWAYS
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SYSTEMATIC NAME
IUBMB Comments
benzoylformate carboxy-lyase (benzaldehyde-forming)
A thiamine-diphosphate protein.
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CAS REGISTRY NUMBER
COMMENTARY
9025-00-7
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SUBSTRATE
PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
(E)-2-oxo-4(pyridin-3-yl)-3-butenoic acid
3-(pyridin-3-yl)acrylaldehyde + CO2
-
-
-
?
2-fluoro-benzaldehyde + acetaldehyde
(S)-1-(2-fluoro-phenyl)-2-hydroxy-propan-1-one
-
-
-
-
?
2-fluoro-benzaldehyde + acetaldehyde
1-(2-fluoro-phenyl)-2-hydroxy-propan-1-one
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91% enantiomeric excess of the (S)-2-hydroxypropanone derivative
-
-
?
2-fluorobenzaldehyde
(R)-1,2-Bis-(2-fluoro-phenyl)-2-hydroxy-ethanone
-
carboligation
68% yield and more than 99% enantiomeric excess of the (R)-enantiomer
-
?
2-furaldehyde
(R)-1,2-di-furan-2-yl-2-hydroxy-ethanone
-
carboligation
62% yield and 94% enantiomeric excess of the (R)-enantiomer
-
?
2-furaldehyde + acetaldehyde
(S)-1-Furan-2-yl-2-hydroxy-propan-1-one
-
-
-
-
?
2-methyl-benzaldehyde + acetaldehyde
(S)-2-hydroxy-1-(2-methylphenyl)-propanone
-
-
-
-
?
2-methyl-benzaldehyde + acetaldehyde
2-hydroxy-1-o-tolyl-propan-1-one
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4% enantiomeric excess of the (S)-2-hydroxypropanone derivative
-
-
?
3 benzaldehyde + acetaldehyde
(R)-benzoin + (S)-2-hydroxypropiophenone
-
-
-
?
3,5-Difluoro-benzaldehyde + acetaldehyde
(S)-1-(3,5-Difluoro-phenyl)-2-hydroxy-propan-1-one
-
-
-
-
?
3,5-dimethoxybenzaldehyde + acetaldehyde
(S)-1-(3,5-Dimethoxy-phenyl)-2-hydroxy-propan-1-one
-
-
-
-
?
3-Benzyloxy-benzaldehyde + acetaldehyde
1-(3-Benzyloxy-phenyl)-2-hydroxy-propan-1-one
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more than 99% enantiomeric excess of the (S)-2-hydroxypropanone derivative
-
-
?
3-bromo-benzaldehyde + acetaldehyde
(S)-1-(3-bromo-phenyl)-2-hydroxy-propan-1-one
-
-
-
-
?
3-bromo-benzaldehyde + acetaldehyde
1-(3-bromo-phenyl)-2-hydroxy-propan-1-one
-
96% enantiomeric excess of the (S)-2-hydroxypropanone derivative
-
-
?
3-chloro-benzaldehyde + acetaldehyde
(S)-1-(3-chloro-phenyl)-2-hydroxy-propan-1-one
-
-
-
-
?
3-chloro-benzaldehyde + acetaldehyde
1-(3-chloro-phenyl)-2-hydroxy-propan-1-one
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94% enantiomeric excess of the (S)-2-hydroxypropanone derivative
-
-
?
3-ethoxy-benzaldehyde + acetaldehyde
(S)-1-(3-ethoxy-phenyl)-2-hydroxy-propan-1-one
-
-
-
-
?
3-ethoxy-benzaldehyde + acetaldehyde
1-(3-ethoxy-phenyl)-2-hydroxy-propan-1-one
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97% enantiomeric excess of the (S)-2-hydroxypropanone derivative
-
-
?
3-formyl-benzonitrile + acetaldehyde
3-((S)-2-hydroxy-propionyl)-benzonitrile
-
-
-
-
?
3-formyl-benzonitrile + acetaldehyde
3-(2-hydroxy-propionyl)-benzonitrile
-
92% enantiomeric excess of the (S)-2-hydroxypropanone derivative
-
-
?
3-hydroxy-benzaldehyde + acetaldehyde
(S)-2-hydroxy-1-(3-hydroxy-phenyl)-propan-1-one
-
-
-
-
?
3-hydroxy-benzaldehyde + acetaldehyde
2-hydroxy-1-(3-hydroxy-phenyl)-propan-1-one
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92% enantiomeric excess of the (S)-2-hydroxypropanone derivative
-
-
?
3-isopropoxy-benzaldehyde + acetaldehyde
(S)-2-hydroxy-1-(3-isopropoxy-phenyl)-propan-1-one
-
-
-
-
?
3-isopropoxy-benzaldehyde + acetaldehyde
2-hydroxy-1-(3-isopropoxy-phenyl)-propan-1-one
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more thahn 99% enantiomeric excess of the (S)-2-hydroxypropanone derivative
-
-
?
3-methoxy-benzaldehyde + acetaldehyde
(S)-2-hydroxy-1-(3-methoxy-phenyl)-propan-1-one
-
-
-
-
?
3-methoxy-benzaldehyde + acetaldehyde
2-hydroxy-1-(3-methoxy-phenyl)-propan-1-one
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96% enantiomeric excess of the (S)-2-hydroxypropanone derivative
-
-
?
3-methoxybenzaldehyde
(R)-2-Hydroxy-1,2-bis-(3-methoxy-phenyl)-ethanone
-
carboligation
18% yield and more than 99% enantiomeric excess of the (R)-enantiomer
-
?
3-Methoxymethoxy-benzaldehyde + acetaldehyde
(S)-2-Hydroxy-1-(3-methoxymethoxy-phenyl)-propan-1-one
-
-
-
-
?
3-methyl-benzaldehyde + acetaldehyde
(S)-2-hydroxy-1-m-tolyl-propan-1-one
-
-
-
-
?
3-methyl-benzaldehyde + acetaldehyde
2-hydroxy-1-m-tolyl-propan-1-one
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97% enantiomeric excess of the (S)-2-hydroxypropanone derivative
-
-
?
3-Phenoxy-benzaldehyde + acetaldehyde
2-Hydroxy-1-(3-phenoxy-phenyl)-propan-1-one
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more than 99% enantiomeric excess of the (S)-2-hydroxypropanone derivative
-
-
?
4-Bromo-benzaldehyde + acetaldehyde
1-(4-Bromo-phenyl)-2-hydroxy-propan-1-one
-
83% enantiomeric excess of the (S)-2-hydroxypropanone derivative
-
-
?
4-bromobenzaldehyde
(R)-1,2-bis-(4-bromo-phenyl)-2-hydroxy-ethanone
-
carboligation
13% yield and more than 99% enantiomeric excess of the (R)-enantiomer
-
?
4-bromobenzaldehyde + acetaldehyde
(S)-1-(4-Bromo-phenyl)-2-hydroxy-propan-1-one
-
-
-
-
?
4-Chloro-benzaldehyde + acetaldehyde
1-(4-Chloro-phenyl)-2-hydroxy-propan-1-one
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82% enantiomeric excess of the (S)-2-hydroxypropanone derivative
-
-
?
4-chlorobenzaldehyde
(R)-1,2-bis-(4-chloro-phenyl)-2-hydroxy-ethanone
-
carboligation
17% yield and more than 99% enantiomeric excess of the (R)-enantiomer
-
?
4-chlorobenzaldehyde + acetaldehyde
(S)-1-(4-Chloro-phenyl)-2-hydroxy-propan-1-one
-
-
-
-
?
4-fluoro-benzaldehyde + acetaldehyde
(S)-1-(4-fluoro-phenyl)-2-hydroxy-propan-1-one
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-
-
?
4-fluoro-benzaldehyde + acetaldehyde
1-(4-fluoro-phenyl)-2-hydroxy-propan-1-one
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87% enantiomeric excess of the (S)-2-hydroxypropanone derivative
-
-
?
4-fluorobenzaldehyde
(R)-1,2-Bis-(4-fluoro-phenyl)-2-hydroxy-ethanone
-
carboligation
25% yield and more than 99% enantiomeric excess of the (R)-enantiomer
-
?
4-Formyl-benzonitrile + acetaldehyde
4-(2-Hydroxy-propionyl)-benzonitrile
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74% enantiomeric excess of the (S)-2-hydroxypropanone derivative
-
-
?
4-formylbenzonitrile + acetaldehyde
4-((S)-2-Hydroxy-propionyl)-benzonitrile
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-
-
-
?
4-Hydroxy-benzaldehyde + acetaldehyde
2-Hydroxy-1-(4-hydroxy-phenyl)-propan-1-one
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86% enantiomeric excess of the (S)-2-hydroxypropanone derivative
-
-
?
4-hydroxybenzaldehyde + acetaldehyde
(S)-2-Hydroxy-1-(4-hydroxy-phenyl)-propan-1-one
-
-
-
-
?
4-Methoxy-benzaldehyde + acetaldehyde
2-Hydroxy-1-(4-methoxy-phenyl)-propan-1-one
-
92% enantiomeric excess of the (S)-2-hydroxypropanone derivative
-
-
?
4-methoxybenzaldehyde
(R)-2-Hydroxy-1,2-bis-(4-methoxy-phenyl)-ethanone
-
carboligation
12% yield and more than 99% enantiomeric excess of the (R)-enantiomer
-
?
4-methoxybenzaldehyde + acetaldehyde
(S)-2-Hydroxy-1-(4-methoxy-phenyl)-propan-1-one
-
-
-
-
?
4-Methyl-benzaldehyde + acetaldehyde
2-Hydroxy-1-p-tolyl-propan-1-one
-
88% enantiomeric excess of the (S)-2-hydroxypropanone derivative
-
-
?
4-methylbenzaldehyde
(R)-2-Hydroxy-1,2-di-p-tolyl-ethanone
-
carboligation
69% yield and more than 99% enantiomeric excess of the (R)-enantiomer
-
?
4-methylbenzaldehyde + acetaldehyde
(S)-2-Hydroxy-1-p-tolyl-propan-1-one
-
-
-
-
?
5-Isopropyl-furan-2-carbaldehyde + acetaldehyde
2-Hydroxy-1-(5-isopropyl-furan-2-yl)-propan-1-one
-
73% enantiomeric excess of the (S)-2-hydroxypropanone derivative
-
-
?
5-methyl-furan-2-carbaldehyde
(R)-2-Hydroxy-1,2-bis-(5-methyl-furan-2-yl)-ethanone
-
carboligation
50% yield and 96% enantiomeric excess of the (R)-enantiomer
-
?
5-Methyl-furan-2-carbaldehyde + acetaldehyde
2-Hydroxy-1-(5-methyl-furan-2-yl)-propan-1-one
-
86% enantiomeric excess of the (S)-2-hydroxypropanone derivative
-
-
?
8-Hydroxy-quinoline-2-carbaldehyde + acetaldehyde
2-Hydroxy-1-(8-hydroxy-quinolin-2-yl)-propan-1-one
-
-
-
-
?
acetic acid 3-formyl-phenyl ester + acetaldehyde
(S)-1-(3-acetoxyphenyl)-2-hydroxy-propanone
-
-
-
-
?
acetic acid 3-formyl-phenyl ester + acetaldehyde
acetic acid 3-(2-hydroxy-propionyl)-phenyl ester
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more than 99% enantiomeric excess of the (S)-2-hydroxypropanone derivative
-
-
?
benzaldehyde + acetaldehyde
(R)-2-hydroxypropiophenone
-
reactions performed at high benzaldehyde concentrations and at high hydrostatic pressures show an increase in (R)-2-hydroxypropiophenone ((R)-2-HPP) formation catalyzed by BFD variants F464I, A460I, and A460I/F464I. For BFD mutant A460I/F464I there is an increase in the ee of (R)-2-HPP up to 80%, whereas at atmospheric conditions this variant synthesizes (R)-2-HPP with an ee of only 50%. Alkaline conditions (up to pH 8.5) and high hydrostatic pressures result in an increase of (R)-2-HPP synthesis, especially in the case of variant A460I and F464I
-
-
?
benzaldehyde + acetaldehyde
(S)-2-hydroxy-1-phenylpropan-1-one
-
-
-
?
benzaldehyde + acetaldehyde
2-hydroxy-1-phenyl-propan-1-one
-
92% enantiomeric excess of the (S)-2-hydroxypropanone derivative
-
-
?
cyclohex-1-ene-1-carbaldehyde + acetaldehyde
(S)-1-Cyclohex-1-enyl-2-hydroxy-propan-1-one
-
-
-
-
?
Cyclohex-1-enecarbaldehyde + acetaldehyde
1-Cyclohex-1-enyl-2-hydroxy-propan-1-one
-
94% enantiomeric excess of the (S)-2-hydroxypropanone derivative
-
-
?
cyclohexanecarbaldehyde + acetaldehyde
(S)-1-cyclohexyl-2-hydroxy-propan-1-one
-
-
-
-
?
cyclohexanecarbaldehyde + acetaldehyde
1-cyclohexyl-2-hydroxy-propan-1-one
-
61% enantiomeric excess of the (S)-2-hydroxypropanone derivative
-
-
?
Furan-2-carbaldehyde + acetaldehyde
1-Furan-2-yl-2-hydroxy-propan-1-one
-
45% enantiomeric excess of the (S)-2-hydroxypropanone derivative
-
-
?
m-bromo-benzoylformate
m-bromo-benzaldehyde + CO2
wild-type enzyme: 68% conversion with 96% enantiomeric excess of the (S)-2-hydroxy ketone, mutant enzyme L476Q: 97% conversion with more than 98% enantiomeric excess of the (S)-2-hydroxy ketone, mutant enzyme M365L-L461S: 100% conversion with 98.5% enantiomeric excess of the (S)-2-hydroxy ketone
-
-
?
m-chloro-benzoylformate
m-chloro-benzaldehyde + CO2
wild-type enzyme: 94% conversion with 94% enantiomeric excess of the (S)-2-hydroxy ketone, mutant enzyme L476Q: 100% conversion with more than 97% enantiomeric excess of the (S)-2-hydroxy ketone, mutant enzyme M365L-L461S: 100% conversion with 98% enantiomeric excess of the (S)-2-hydroxy ketone
-
-
?
m-fluoro-benzoylformate
m-fluoro-benzaldehyde + CO2
wild-type enzyme: 100% conversion with 87% enantiomeric excess of the (S)-2-hydroxy ketone, mutant enzyme L476Q: 100% conversion with more than 99% enantiomeric excess of the (S)-2-hydroxy ketone, mutant enzyme M365L-L461S: 94% conversion with more than 99% enantiomeric excess of the (S)-2-hydroxy ketone
-
-
?
m-methoxy-benzoylformate
m-methoxy-benzaldehyde + CO2
wild-type enzyme: 94% conversion with 96% enantiomeric excess of the (S)-2-hydroxy ketone, mutant enzyme L476Q: 100% conversion with more than 99% enantiomeric excess of the (S)-2-hydroxy ketone, mutant enzyme M365L-L461S: 100% conversion with 99% enantiomeric excess of the (S)-2-hydroxy ketone
-
-
?
m-methyl-benzoylformate
m-methyl-benzaldehyde + CO2
wild-type enzyme: 99% conversion with 97% enantiomeric excess of the (S)-2-hydroxy ketone, mutant enzyme L476Q: 100% conversion with more than 99% enantiomeric excess of the (S)-2-hydroxy ketone, mutant enzyme M365L-L461S: 100% conversion with 99% enantiomeric excess of the (S)-2-hydroxy ketone
-
-
?
Naphthalene-2-carbaldehyde + acetaldehyde
2-Hydroxy-1-naphthalen-2-yl-propan-1-one
-
-
-
-
?
nicotinaldehyde + acetaldehyde
(S)-2-Hydroxy-1-pyridin-3-yl-propan-1-one
-
-
-
-
?
o-bromo-benzoylformate
o-bromo-benzaldehyde + CO2
wild-type enzyme: no activity, mutant enzyme L476Q: 98% conversion with more than 99% enantiomeric excess of the (S)-2-hydroxy ketone, mutant enzyme M365L-L461S: 90% conversion with 99% enantiomeric excess of the (S)-2-hydroxy ketone
-
-
?
o-chloro-benzoylformate
o-chloro-benzaldehyde + CO2
wild-type enzyme: no activity, mutant enzyme L476Q: 100% conversion with more than 99% enantiomeric excess of the (S)-2-hydroxy ketone, mutant enzyme M365L-L461S: 85% conversion with more than 99% enantiomeric excess of the (S)-2-hydroxy ketone
-
-
?
o-fluoro-benzoylformate
o-fluoro-benzaldehyde + CO2
wild-type enzyme: 91% conversion with 89% enantiomeric excess of the (S)-2-hydroxy ketone, mutant enzyme L476Q: 100% conversion with more than 99% enantiomeric excess of the (S)-2-hydroxy ketone, mutant enzyme M365L-L461S: 83% conversion with 98% enantiomeric excess of the (S)-2-hydroxy ketone
-
-
?
o-methoxy-benzoylformate
o-methoxy-benzaldehyde + CO2
wild-type enzyme: no conversion, mutant enzyme L476Q: 97% conversion with more than 99% enantiomeric excess of the (S)-2-hydroxy ketone, mutant enzyme M365L-L461S: 46% conversion with 99% enantiomeric excess of the (S)-2-hydroxy ketone
-
-
?
o-methyl-benzoylformate
o-methyl-benzaldehyde + CO2
wild-type enzyme: 4% conversion, mutant enzyme L476Q: 100% conversion with more than 99% enantiomeric excess of the (S)-2-hydroxy ketone, mutant enzyme M365L-L461S: 83% conversion with 98% enantiomeric excess of the (S)-2-hydroxy ketone
-
-
?
o-methylbenzaldehyde + acetaldehyde
(2S)-2-hydroxy-1-(2-methylphenyl)propan-1-one
mutant enzyme L476Q and M365L/L461S selectively catalyzes the formation of enantiopure (S)-2-hydroxy-1-(2-methylphenyl)propan-1-one with excellent yield, a reaction which is only poorly catalyzed by the wild-type enzyme
-
-
?
p-bromo-benzoylformate
p-bromo-benzaldehyde + CO2
wild-type enzyme: 42% conversion with 83% enantiomeric excess of the (S)-2-hydroxy ketone, mutant enzyme L476Q: 100% conversion with 96.5% enantiomeric excess of the (S)-2-hydroxy ketone, mutant enzyme M365L-L461S: 100% conversion with 96% enantiomeric excess of the (S)-2-hydroxy ketone
-
-
?
p-chloro-benzoylformate
p-chloro-benzaldehyde + CO2
wild-type enzyme: 85% conversion with 82% enantiomeric excess of the (S)-2-hydroxy ketone, mutant enzyme L476Q: 100% conversion with more than 96.5% enantiomeric excess of the (S)-2-hydroxy ketone, mutant enzyme M365L-L461S: 100% conversion with 95.5% enantiomeric excess of the (S)-2-hydroxy ketone
-
-
?
p-fluoro-benzoylformate
p-fluoro-benzaldehyde + CO2
wild-type enzyme: 69% conversion with 87% enantiomeric excess of the (S)-2-hydroxy ketone, mutant enzyme L476Q: 100% conversion with 97% enantiomeric excess of the (S)-2-hydroxy ketone, mutant enzyme M365L-L461S: 87% conversion with 97% enantiomeric excess of the (S)-2-hydroxy ketone
-
-
?
p-methoxy-benzoylformate
p-methoxy-benzaldehyde + CO2
wild-type enzyme: 23% conversion with 92% enantiomeric excess of the (S)-2-hydroxy ketone, mutant enzyme L476Q: 100% conversion with more than 99% enantiomeric excess of the (S)-2-hydroxy ketone, mutant enzyme M365L-L461S: 67% conversion with 42% enantiomeric excess of the (S)-2-hydroxy ketone
-
-
?
p-methyl-benzoylformate
p-methyl-benzaldehyde + CO2
wild-type enzyme: 65% conversion with 88% enantiomeric excess of the (S)-2-hydroxy ketone, mutant enzyme L476Q: 100% conversion with more than 98% enantiomeric excess of the (S)-2-hydroxy ketone, mutant enzyme M365L-L461S: 98% conversion with 98% enantiomeric excess of the (S)-2-hydroxy ketone
-
-
?
pyridine-2-carbaldehyde
(R)-2-Hydroxy-1,2-di-pyridin-2-yl-ethanone
-
carboligation
70% yield and 94% enantiomeric excess of the (R)-enantiomer
-
?
Pyridine-2-carbaldehyde + acetaldehyde
2-Hydroxy-1-pyridin-2-yl-propan-1-one
-
-
-
-
?
Pyridine-3-carbaldehyde + acetaldehyde
2-Hydroxy-1-pyridin-3-yl-propan-1-one
-
-
-
-
?
Quinoline-4-carbaldehyde + acetaldehyde
2-Hydroxy-1-quinolin-4-yl-propan-1-one
-
-
-
-
?
thiophene-2-carbaldehyde
(S)-2-Hydroxy-1,2-di-thiophen-2-yl-ethanone
-
carboligation
65% yield and 95% enantiomeric excess of the (R)-enantiomer
-
?
thiophene-2-carbaldehyde + acetaldehyde
(S)-2-hydroxy-1-thiophen-2-yl-propan-1-one
-
-
-
-
?
thiophene-2-carbaldehyde + acetaldehyde
2-hydroxy-1-thiophen-2-yl-propan-1-one
-
83% enantiomeric excess of the (S)-2-hydroxypropanone derivative
-
-
?
2 benzaldehyde
(R)-benzoin
-
-
i.e. (R)-2-hydroxy-1,2-diphenylethan-1-one
-
?
3-ethoxy-4-hydroxybenzoylformate
ethyl vanillin + CO2
-
-
-
?
3-fluoro-benzaldehyde + acetaldehyde
(S)-1-(3-fluoro-phenyl)-2-hydroxy-propan-1-one
-
-
-
-
?
3-fluoro-benzaldehyde + acetaldehyde
(S)-1-(3-fluoro-phenyl)-2-hydroxy-propan-1-one
-
87% enantiomeric excess of the (S)-2-hydroxypropanone derivative
-
-
?
4-methylthio-2-oxobutanoate
3-(methylsulfanyl)propanal + CO2
-
-
-
-
?
4-methylthio-2-oxobutanoate
3-(methylsulfanyl)propanal + CO2
-
-
-
-
?
4-methylthio-2-oxobutanoate
3-(methylsulfanyl)propanal + CO2
-
-
-
?
benzaldehyde + acetaldehyde
(S)-2-hydroxy-1-phenyl-propanone
-
the enantiomeric excess of (S)-2-hydroxy-1-phenyl-propanonedecreases with increasing temperature from 4°C to 30°C
-
-
?
benzaldehyde + acetaldehyde
(S)-2-hydroxypropiophenone
-
i.e. acyloin
-
?
benzaldehyde + benzaldehyde
(R)-benzoin
-
carboligation
70% yield and more than 99% enantiomeric excess of the (R)-enantiomer
-
?
Benzoylformate
?
-
enzyme is involved in the inducible pathway of mandelate
-
-
?
Benzoylformate
?
-
enzyme is involved in the metabolism of mandelic acid
-
-
?
Benzoylformate
?
-
enzyme is involved in the metabolism of mandelic acid
-
-
?
Benzoylformate
?
-
enzyme is involved in the inducible pathway of mandelate
-
-
?
Benzoylformate
?
-
enzyme is involved in the metabolism of mandelic acid
-
-
?
Benzoylformate
?
-
enzyme is involved in the metabolic pathway of phenylglycine
-
-
?
Benzoylformate
?
-
enzyme is involved in the metabolic pathway of phenylglycine
-
-
?
Benzoylformate
?
-
the enzyme is involved in the pathway for catabolism of D(+)-mandelate and L-(-)-mandelate
-
-
?
benzoylformate
benzaldehyde + CO2
-
-
-
-
?