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Enzyme Nomenclature
Information on EC 3.6.3.20 - glycerol-3-phosphate-transporting ATPase
for references in articles please use BRENDA:EC3.6.3.20
Word Map on EC 3.6.3.20
- 3.6.3.20
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rocker-switch
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proton-coupled
- fosfomycin
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proteoliposomes
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six-helix
- fosmidomycin
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lacy
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alternating-access
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The expected taxonomic range for this enzyme is: Eukaryota, Bacteria
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EC NUMBER 
COMMENTARY 
3.6.3.20
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RECOMMENDED NAME
GeneOntology No.
glycerol-3-phosphate-transporting ATPase
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REACTION
REACTION DIAGRAM
COMMENTARY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
ATP + H2O + glycerol-3-phosphate/out = ADP + phosphate + glycerol-3-phosphate/in
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REACTION TYPE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
transmembrane transport
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SYSTEMATIC NAME
IUBMB Comments
ATPphosphohydrolase (glycerol-3-phosphate-importing)
ABC-type (ATP-binding cassette-type) ATPase, characterized by the presence of two similar ATP-binding domains. Does not undergo phosphorylation during the transport process. A bacterial enzyme that imports phosphorylated glycerol.
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ORGANISM
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
UNIPROT
SEQUENCE DB
SOURCE
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GENERAL INFORMATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
evolution
physiological function
additional information
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fosfomycin is widely used to treat urinary tract and pediatric gastrointestinal infections of bacteria. It is supposed that this antibiotic enters cells via two transport systems, including the bacterial glycerol-3-phosphate transporter, GlpT. Impaired function of GlpT is one mechanism for fosfomycin resistance. Interaction of fosfomycin with the recombinant and purified GlpT of Escherichia coli reconstituted in liposomes, overview
evolution
the enzymes are members of the G3Pp family, lack of functional redundancy in the gene family, and differential expression patterns of the promoter-GUS fusion transgenics for the G3Pp gene family during seedling growth, overview; the enzymes are members of the G3Pp family, lack of functional redundancy in the gene family, and differential expression patterns of the promoter-GUS fusion transgenics for the G3Pp gene family during seedling growth, overview; the enzymes are members of the G3Pp family, lack of functional redundancy in the gene family, and differential expression patterns of the promoter-GUS fusion transgenics for the G3Pp gene family during seedling growth, overview; the enzymes are members of the G3Pp family, lack of functional redundancy in the gene family, and differential expression patterns of the promoter-GUS fusion transgenics for the G3Pp gene family during seedling growth, overview; the enzymes are members of the G3Pp family, lack of functional redundancy in the gene family, and differential expression patterns of the promoter-GUS fusion transgenics for the G3Pp gene family during seedling growth, overview
evolution
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the enzymes are members of the G3Pp family, lack of functional redundancy in the gene family, and differential expression patterns of the promoter-GUS fusion transgenics for the G3Pp gene family during seedling growth, overview; the enzymes are members of the G3Pp family, lack of functional redundancy in the gene family, and differential expression patterns of the promoter-GUS fusion transgenics for the G3Pp gene family during seedling growth, overview; the enzymes are members of the G3Pp family, lack of functional redundancy in the gene family, and differential expression patterns of the promoter-GUS fusion transgenics for the G3Pp gene family during seedling growth, overview; the enzymes are members of the G3Pp family, lack of functional redundancy in the gene family, and differential expression patterns of the promoter-GUS fusion transgenics for the G3Pp gene family during seedling growth, overview; the enzymes are members of the G3Pp family, lack of functional redundancy in the gene family, and differential expression patterns of the promoter-GUS fusion transgenics for the G3Pp gene family during seedling growth, overview
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physiological function
the glycerol-3-phosphate transporter is a sugar phosphate/anion antiporter also implicated in phosphate mobilization. G3Pps have a role during seedling growth in Arabidopsis thaliana; the glycerol-3-phosphate transporter is a sugar phosphate/anion antiporter also implicated in phosphate mobilization. G3Pps have a role during seedling growth in Arabidopsis thaliana; the glycerol-3-phosphate transporter is a sugar phosphate/anion antiporter also implicated in phosphate mobilization. G3Pps have a role during seedling growth in Arabidopsis thaliana; the glycerol-3-phosphate transporter is a sugar phosphate/anion antiporter also implicated in phosphate mobilization. G3Pps have a role during seedling growth in Arabidopsis thaliana; the glycerol-3-phosphate transporter is a sugar phosphate/anion antiporter also implicated in phosphate mobilization. G3Pps have a role during seedling growth in Arabidopsis thaliana
physiological function
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the glycerol-3-phosphate transporter is a sugar phosphate/anion antiporter also implicated in phosphate mobilization. G3Pps have a role during seedling growth in Arabidopsis thaliana; the glycerol-3-phosphate transporter is a sugar phosphate/anion antiporter also implicated in phosphate mobilization. G3Pps have a role during seedling growth in Arabidopsis thaliana; the glycerol-3-phosphate transporter is a sugar phosphate/anion antiporter also implicated in phosphate mobilization. G3Pps have a role during seedling growth in Arabidopsis thaliana; the glycerol-3-phosphate transporter is a sugar phosphate/anion antiporter also implicated in phosphate mobilization. G3Pps have a role during seedling growth in Arabidopsis thaliana; the glycerol-3-phosphate transporter is a sugar phosphate/anion antiporter also implicated in phosphate mobilization. G3Pps have a role during seedling growth in Arabidopsis thaliana
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SUBSTRATE
PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
ATP + H2O + glycerol-3-phosphocholine/out
ADP + phosphate + glycerol-3-phosphocholine/in
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?
ATP + H2O + glycerol-3-phosphate/out
ADP + phosphate + glycerol-3-phosphate/in
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-
?
ATP + H2O + glycerol-3-phosphate/out
ADP + phosphate + glycerol-3-phosphate/in
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?
ATP + H2O + glycerol-3-phosphate/out
ADP + phosphate + glycerol-3-phosphate/in
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-
?
ATP + H2O + glycerol-3-phosphate/out
ADP + phosphate + glycerol-3-phosphate/in
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phosphate-limitation inducible uptake system for sn-glycerol-3-phosphate
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?
ATP + H2O + glycerol-3-phosphate/out
ADP + phosphate + glycerol-3-phosphate/in
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?
ATP + H2O + glycerol-3-phosphate/out
ADP + phosphate + glycerol-3-phosphate/in
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additional information
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GlPt mediates the exchange of glycerol-3-phosphate and phosphate across the membrane
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additional information
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GlPt mediates the exchange of glycerol-3-phosphate and phosphate across the membrane
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additional information
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GlPt mediates the exchange of glycerol-3-phosphate and phosphate across the membrane
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additional information
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GlPt mediates the exchange of glycerol-3-phosphate and phosphate across the membrane
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additional information
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GlPt mediates the exchange of glycerol-3-phosphate and phosphate across the membrane
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additional information
?
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GlPt mediates the exchange of glycerol-3-phosphate and phosphate across the membrane
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additional information
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GlPt mediates the exchange of glycerol-3-phosphate and phosphate across the membrane
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additional information
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GlPt mediates the exchange of glycerol-3-phosphate and phosphate across the membrane
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additional information
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GlPt mediates the exchange of glycerol-3-phosphate and phosphate across the membrane
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additional information
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GlPt mediates the exchange of glycerol-3-phosphate and phosphate across the membrane
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additional information
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GlpT is responsible for secondary active transport of substrate across the cell membrane, which is crucial to many cellular and physiological processes, overview
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additional information
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mechanism for substrate translocation across the membrane that involves a rocker-switch-type movement of the protein, transport assays at different conditions using whole cells or purified enzyme, overview
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additional information
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GltP is an organic phosphate/inorganic phosphate antiporter
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additional information
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the enzyme performs G3P/G3P exchange, it shows virtually poor exchange activity using phosphoenolpyruvate, fosfomycin and sulphate, and no activity with glutamate, glutamine, aspartate and ATP. Highest activity in the presence of internal glycerol-3-phosphate and phosphate
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additional information
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glycerol-2-phosphate is not a substrate
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additional information
?
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a major conformational switching mechanism accounts for ligand transport by MFS proteins
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NATURAL SUBSTRATES
NATURAL PRODUCTS
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
REVERSIBILITY
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
ATP + H2O + glycerol-3-phosphate/out
ADP + phosphate + glycerol-3-phosphate/in
P0AG80
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?
ATP + H2O + glycerol-3-phosphate/out
ADP + phosphate + glycerol-3-phosphate/in
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phosphate-limitation inducible uptake system for sn-glycerol-3-phosphate
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?
additional information
?
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GlPt mediates the exchange of glycerol-3-phosphate and phosphate across the membrane
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additional information
?
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O23596
GlPt mediates the exchange of glycerol-3-phosphate and phosphate across the membrane
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additional information
?
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Q9C5L3
GlPt mediates the exchange of glycerol-3-phosphate and phosphate across the membrane
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additional information
?
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Q9SA71
GlPt mediates the exchange of glycerol-3-phosphate and phosphate across the membrane
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additional information
?
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Q9SB41
GlPt mediates the exchange of glycerol-3-phosphate and phosphate across the membrane
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additional information
?
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GlPt mediates the exchange of glycerol-3-phosphate and phosphate across the membrane
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additional information
?
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O23596
GlPt mediates the exchange of glycerol-3-phosphate and phosphate across the membrane
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additional information
?
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Q9C5L3
GlPt mediates the exchange of glycerol-3-phosphate and phosphate across the membrane
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additional information
?
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Q9SA71
GlPt mediates the exchange of glycerol-3-phosphate and phosphate across the membrane
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additional information
?
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Q9SB41
GlPt mediates the exchange of glycerol-3-phosphate and phosphate across the membrane
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additional information
?
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GlpT is responsible for secondary active transport of substrate across the cell membrane, which is crucial to many cellular and physiological processes, overview
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additional information
?
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GltP is an organic phosphate/inorganic phosphate antiporter
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INHIBITORS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
fosfomycin
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fosfomycin, externally added to the proteoliposomes, poorly inhibits the glycerol-3-phosphate/glycerol-3-phosphate antiport catalyzed by the reconstituted transporter, completely competitive, interaction of fosfomycin with the recombinant and purified GlpT of Escherichia coli reconstituted in liposomes, overview
additional information
not inhibited by phosphate or by the signal transducing protein PhoU or the phosphodiesterase UgpQ
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KM VALUE [mM]
SUBSTRATE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
additional information
additional information
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kinetics, rocker-switch mechanism of membrane transport by GlpT, overview
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IC50 VALUE [mM]
INHIBITOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
6.4
fosfomycin
Escherichia coli
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externally added to the proteoliposomes with reconstituted transporter, pH and temperature not specified in the publication
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SPECIFIC ACTIVITY [µmol/min/mg]
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
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SOURCE TISSUE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
SOURCE
additional information
expression of AtG3P3; expression of AtG3P4; expression of AtG3Pp1; expression of AtG3Pp2
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expression of AtG3P3; expression of AtG3P4; expression of AtG3Pp1; expression of AtG3Pp2
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expression of AtG3P4; expression of AtG3Pp3
expression of AtG3P4; expression of AtG3Pp5
additional information
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differential expression patterns of the promoter-GUS fusion transgenics for the G3Pp gene family during seedling growth, overview; differential expression patterns of the promoter-GUS fusion transgenics for the G3Pp gene family during seedling growth, overview; differential expression patterns of the promoter-GUS fusion transgenics for the G3Pp gene family during seedling growth, overview; differential expression patterns of the promoter-GUS fusion transgenics for the G3Pp gene family during seedling growth, overview; differential expression patterns of the promoter-GUS fusion transgenics for the G3Pp gene family during seedling growth, overview
additional information
differential expression patterns of the promoter-GUS fusion transgenics for the G3Pp gene family during seedling growth, overview; differential expression patterns of the promoter-GUS fusion transgenics for the G3Pp gene family during seedling growth, overview; differential expression patterns of the promoter-GUS fusion transgenics for the G3Pp gene family during seedling growth, overview; differential expression patterns of the promoter-GUS fusion transgenics for the G3Pp gene family during seedling growth, overview; differential expression patterns of the promoter-GUS fusion transgenics for the G3Pp gene family during seedling growth, overview
additional information
differential expression patterns of the promoter-GUS fusion transgenics for the G3Pp gene family during seedling growth, overview; differential expression patterns of the promoter-GUS fusion transgenics for the G3Pp gene family during seedling growth, overview; differential expression patterns of the promoter-GUS fusion transgenics for the G3Pp gene family during seedling growth, overview; differential expression patterns of the promoter-GUS fusion transgenics for the G3Pp gene family during seedling growth, overview; differential expression patterns of the promoter-GUS fusion transgenics for the G3Pp gene family during seedling growth, overview
additional information
differential expression patterns of the promoter-GUS fusion transgenics for the G3Pp gene family during seedling growth, overview; differential expression patterns of the promoter-GUS fusion transgenics for the G3Pp gene family during seedling growth, overview; differential expression patterns of the promoter-GUS fusion transgenics for the G3Pp gene family during seedling growth, overview; differential expression patterns of the promoter-GUS fusion transgenics for the G3Pp gene family during seedling growth, overview; differential expression patterns of the promoter-GUS fusion transgenics for the G3Pp gene family during seedling growth, overview
additional information
differential expression patterns of the promoter-GUS fusion transgenics for the G3Pp gene family during seedling growth, overview; differential expression patterns of the promoter-GUS fusion transgenics for the G3Pp gene family during seedling growth, overview; differential expression patterns of the promoter-GUS fusion transgenics for the G3Pp gene family during seedling growth, overview; differential expression patterns of the promoter-GUS fusion transgenics for the G3Pp gene family during seedling growth, overview; differential expression patterns of the promoter-GUS fusion transgenics for the G3Pp gene family during seedling growth, overview
additional information
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differential expression patterns of the promoter-GUS fusion transgenics for the G3Pp gene family during seedling growth, overview; differential expression patterns of the promoter-GUS fusion transgenics for the G3Pp gene family during seedling growth, overview; differential expression patterns of the promoter-GUS fusion transgenics for the G3Pp gene family during seedling growth, overview; differential expression patterns of the promoter-GUS fusion transgenics for the G3Pp gene family during seedling growth, overview; differential expression patterns of the promoter-GUS fusion transgenics for the G3Pp gene family during seedling growth, overview
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LOCALIZATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
GeneOntology No.
LITERATURE
SOURCE
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the enzyme contains 12-transmembrane alpha-helices which form two domains, each of six transmembrane helices, surrounding a central lingand-binding cavity
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the enzyme contains 12-transmembrane alpha-helical topologies with two six-helix halves connected by a long loop
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probable an integral membrane protein
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probable an integral membrane protein
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SUBUNITS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
additional information
additional information
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the enzyme contains 12 highly flexible transmembrane alpha-helices, H1-H12, which form two domains, each of six transmembrane helices, surrounding a central lingand-binding cavity, molecular dynamic simulations and modelling, comparison of conformational properties with other MFS family members, overview
additional information
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interdomain interaction analysis and enzyme structure modelling, steered molecular dynamics simulation, overview
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Crystallization/COMMENTARY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
in complex with glycerol-3-phosphate, sitting drop vapor diffusion method, using 5 mM CoCl3, 5 mM NiCl2, 5 mM CdCl2, 5 mM MgCl2, 0.1 M HEPES, pH 7.5, 12% (w/v) polyethylene glycol 3350, and 0.3% octyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside
X-ray structure, GlpT consists of 12 transmembrane helices, which form a N- and C-terminal domain, the structure reveals a large internal cavity, open toward the cytoplasm but completely closed to the periplasm, the substrate-binding site, formed by two arginine residues, is accessible from only one side of the membrane at a time
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Purification/COMMENTARY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
recombinant His-tagged enzyme 55fold from Escherichia coli strain SH116 by nickel affinity chromatography
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recombinant His-tagged wild-type enzyme from mutant GlpT-deficient strain SH1200 by ultracentrifugation and nickel affinity chromatography
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Cloned/COMMENTARY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
gene ArG3Pp3, cloning of 5 genes encoding G3Pps, DNA and amino acid sequence determination and analysis, sequence comparison and phylogenetic analysis. Differential expression patterns of the promoter-GUS fusion transgenics for the G3Pp gene family during seedling growth, overview; gene AtG3Pp1, cloning of 5 genes encoding G3Pps, DNA and amino acid sequence determination and analysis, sequence comparison and phylogenetic analysis. Differential expression patterns of the promoter-GUS fusion transgenics for the G3Pp gene family during seedling growth, overview; gene AtG3Pp2, cloning of 5 genes encoding G3Pps, DNA and amino acid sequence determination and analysis, sequence comparison and phylogenetic analysis. Differential expression patterns of the promoter-GUS fusion transgenics for the G3Pp gene family during seedling growth, overview; gene AtG3Pp4, cloning of 5 genes encoding G3Pps, DNA and amino acid sequence determination and analysis, sequence comparison and phylogenetic analysis. Differential expression patterns of the promoter-GUS fusion transgenics for the G3Pp gene family during seedling growth, overview; gene AtG3Pp5, cloning of 5 genes encoding G3Pps, DNA and amino acid sequence determination and analysis, sequence comparison and phylogenetic analysis. Differential expression patterns of the promoter-GUS fusion transgenics for the G3Pp gene family during seedling growth, overview
overexpression of His-tagged wild-type enzyme in mutant GlpT-deficient strain SH1200
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EXPRESSION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
gene AtG3Pp1 is induced 24fold in the roots of phosphate-deprived seedlings; gene AtG3Pp2 is induced 3fold in the roots of phosphate-deprived seedlings; phosphate deficiency-mediated induction of AtG3Pp4 is evident in both roots and shoots; phosphate deficiency-mediated induction of gene AtG3Pp3 is evident in both roots and shoots
gene AtG3Pp1 is induced 24fold in the roots of phosphate-deprived seedlings; gene AtG3Pp2 is induced 3fold in the roots of phosphate-deprived seedlings; phosphate deficiency-mediated induction of AtG3Pp4 is evident in both roots and shoots; phosphate deficiency-mediated induction of gene AtG3Pp3 is evident in both roots and shoots
gene AtG3Pp1 is induced 24fold in the roots of phosphate-deprived seedlings; gene AtG3Pp2 is induced 3fold in the roots of phosphate-deprived seedlings; phosphate deficiency-mediated induction of AtG3Pp4 is evident in both roots and shoots; phosphate deficiency-mediated induction of gene AtG3Pp3 is evident in both roots and shoots
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ENGINEERING
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
additional information
additional information
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generation of a AtG3Pp4 knockdown mutant, phenotype, overview
additional information
generation of a AtG3Pp4 knockdown mutant, phenotype, overview
additional information
generation of a AtG3Pp4 knockdown mutant, phenotype, overview
additional information
generation of a AtG3Pp4 knockdown mutant, phenotype, overview
additional information
generation of a AtG3Pp4 knockdown mutant, phenotype, overview
additional information
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generation of a AtG3Pp4 knockdown mutant, phenotype, overview
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additional information
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GlpT appears to operate via a single binding-site, alternating-acess mechanism
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Renatured/COMMENTARY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
Show AA Sequence (5113 entries)
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LINKS TO OTHER DATABASES (specific for EC-Number 3.6.3.20)
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