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Information on EC 3.5.5.4 - cyanoalanine nitrilase
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EC Tree
3.5.5.4 cyanoalanine nitrilaseIUBMB Comments
L-Asparagine is formed as an intermediate. cf. EC 4.2.1.65, 3-cyanoalanine hydratase and EC 3.5.1.1, asparaginase.
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Word Map
- 3.5.5.4
- hcn
- degradation
-
cyanogenic
-
cyanide-containing
- ammonia
- auxin
- waste
- glycoside
-
cyanide-resistance
- pseudoalcaligenes
- dhurrin
- sorghum
- ethylene
- glucosinolates
- bicolor
- brassicaceae
The expected taxonomic range for this enzyme is: Bacteria, Eukaryota
Synonyms
nitrilase 4, cyanoalanine hydratase, 3-cyanoalanine nitrilase, nit4a, nit4b, nit4b2, cyanoalanine nitrilase, beta-cyanoalanine nitrilase, 
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SYNONYM 
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY 
LITERATURE
3-cyanoalanine nitrilase
beta-cyanoalanine nitrilase
beta-cyanoalanine synthase
Nit4
NIT4-1
NIT4-2
NIT4A
NIT4B
nitrilase 4
PinA
beta-cyanoalanine nitrilase
-
-
-
-
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REACTION
REACTION DIAGRAM
COMMENTARY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
3-cyano-L-alanine + 2 H2O = L-aspartate + NH3
-
-
-
-
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REACTION TYPE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
hydrolysis of nitriles
-
-
-
-
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PATHWAY SOURCE
PATHWAYS
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SYSTEMATIC NAME
IUBMB Comments
3-cyano-L-alanine aminohydrolase
L-Asparagine is formed as an intermediate. cf. EC 4.2.1.65, 3-cyanoalanine hydratase and EC 3.5.1.1, asparaginase.
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CAS REGISTRY NUMBER
COMMENTARY
85638-44-4
-
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SUBSTRATE
PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
phenyl-3-propionitrile + H2O
phenyl-3-propionic acid + NH3
-
-
-
?
3-cyano-L-alanine + H2O
L-aspartate + NH3
-
enzyme has additional hydratase activity for 3-cyano-L-alanine, ratio of hydratase activity to nitrilase activity is 3.3:1. L-asparagine and L-aspartate are formed at the same time, asparagine is not an intermediate
-
?
3-cyano-L-alanine + H2O
L-aspartate + NH3
-
enzyme has additional hydratase activity for 3-cyano-L-alanine, ratio of hydratase activity to nitrilase activity is 4:1. L-asparagine and L-aspartate are formed at the same time, asparagine is not an intermediate
-
?
3-cyano-L-alanine + H2O
L-aspartate + NH3
-
-
L-asparagine is formed as an intermediate
?
3-cyano-L-alanine + H2O
L-aspartate + NH3
-
-
L-asparagine is formed as an intermediate
?
3-cyano-L-alanine + H2O
L-aspartate + NH3
-
high activity substrate for isozyme complexes NIT4A/B2 and NIT4A/B1
-
-
ir
beta-cyano-L-alanine + H2O
L-aspartate + NH3
-
L-asparagine is formed as an intermediate
-
-
?
beta-cyano-L-alanine + H2O
L-aspartate + NH3
-
L-asparagine is formed as an intermediate
-
-
?
beta-cyano-L-alanine + H2O
L-aspartate + NH3
-
L-asparagine is formed as an intermediate
-
-
?
beta-cyano-L-alanine + H2O
L-aspartate + NH3
-
L-asparagine is formed as an intermediate
-
-
?
beta-cyano-L-alanine + H2O
L-aspartate + NH3
-
L-asparagine is formed as an intermediate
-
-
?
beta-cyano-L-alanine + H2O
L-aspartate + NH3
-
L-asparagine is formed as an intermediate
-
-
?
beta-cyano-L-alanine + H2O
L-aspartate + NH3
-
L-asparagine is formed as an intermediate
-
-
?
beta-cyano-L-alanine + H2O
L-aspartate + NH3
-
L-asparagine is formed as an intermediate
-
-
?
beta-cyano-L-alanine + H2O
L-aspartate + NH3
-
L-asparagine is formed as an intermediate
-
-
?
beta-cyano-L-alanine + H2O
L-aspartate + NH3
-
L-asparagine is formed as an intermediate
-
-
?
beta-cyano-L-alanine + H2O
L-aspartate + NH3
-
the reaction is catalyzed only by isoform NIT4A, L-asparagine is formed as an intermediate
-
-
?
beta-cyano-L-alanine + H2O
L-aspartate + NH3
-
L-asparagine is formed as an intermediate
-
-
?
beta-cyano-L-alanine + H2O
L-aspartate + NH3
-
L-asparagine is formed as an intermediate
-
-
?
beta-cyano-L-alanine + H2O
L-aspartate + NH3
-
L-asparagine is formed as an intermediate
-
-
?
beta-cyano-L-alanine + H2O
L-aspartate + NH3
-
L-asparagine is formed as an intermediate
-
-
?
beta-cyano-L-alanine + H2O
L-aspartate + NH3
-
L-asparagine is formed as an intermediate
-
-
?
beta-cyano-L-alanine + H2O
L-aspartate + NH3
-
L-asparagine is formed as an intermediate
-
-
?
beta-cyano-L-alanine + H2O
L-aspartate + NH3
-
L-asparagine is formed as an intermediate
-
-
?
beta-cyano-L-alanine + H2O
L-aspartate + NH3
-
L-asparagine is formed as an intermediate
-
-
?
beta-cyano-L-alanine + H2O
L-aspartate + NH3
-
L-asparagine is formed as an intermediate
-
-
?
beta-cyano-L-alanine + H2O
L-aspartate + NH3
-
L-asparagine is formed as an intermediate
-
-
?
beta-cyano-L-alanine + H2O
L-aspartate + NH3
-
L-asparagine is formed as an intermediate
-
-
?
beta-cyano-L-alanine + H2O
L-aspartate + NH3
-
L-asparagine is formed as an intermediate
-
-
?
beta-cyano-L-alanine + H2O
L-aspartate + NH3
-
L-asparagine is formed as an intermediate
-
-
?
beta-cyano-L-alanine + H2O
L-aspartate + NH3
-
the reaction is catalyzed only by isoform NIT4A, L-asparagine is formed as an intermediate
-
-
?
beta-cyano-L-alanine + H2O
L-aspartate + NH3
-
L-asparagine is formed as an intermediate
-
-
?
beta-cyano-L-alanine + H2O
L-aspartate + NH3
-
L-asparagine is formed as an intermediate
-
-
?
beta-cyano-L-alanine + H2O
L-aspartate + NH3
-
L-asparagine is formed as an intermediate
-
-
?
beta-cyano-L-alanine + H2O
L-aspartate + NH3
-
L-asparagine is formed as an intermediate
-
-
?
beta-cyano-L-alanine + H2O
L-aspartate + NH3
-
L-asparagine is formed as an intermediate
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
indole-3-acetonitrile is no substrate for NIT-T4
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
isoform NIT4B does not show beta-cyano-L-alanine-hydrolyzing activity
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
no substrate: indole-3-acetonitrile
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
no substrate: indole-3-acetonitrile
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
no substrates are various nitrile or amide compounds, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
no substrates are various nitrile or amide compounds, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
recombinant NIT4 isozymes NIT4A, NIT4B1, and NIT4B2 do not hydrolyze 3-cyano-L-alanine, benzonitrile, 4-hydroxybenzonitrile, butyronitrile, and 4-pentenenitrile
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
isoform NIT4B1 does not show any beta-cyano-L-alanine-hydrolyzing activity
-
-
?
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NATURAL SUBSTRATE
NATURAL PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
REVERSIBILITY
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
3-cyano-L-alanine + H2O
L-aspartate + NH3
-
-
L-asparagine is formed as an intermediate
?
3-cyano-L-alanine + H2O
L-aspartate + NH3
-
-
L-asparagine is formed as an intermediate
?
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INHIBITOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
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ACTIVATING COMPOUND
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
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KM VALUE [mM]
SUBSTRATE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
0.69
3-Cyano-L-alanine
-
in 50 mM sodium phosphate (pH 8.0) containing 0.2% (w/v) BSA with 5 mM substrate, at 35°C
0.86
3-Cyano-L-alanine
-
isozyme complex NIT4A/B1, in 50 mM potassium phosphate (pH 8.0), 1 mM dithiothreitol, at 37°C
0.89
3-Cyano-L-alanine
-
isozyme complex NIT4A/B2, in 50 mM potassium phosphate (pH 8.0), 1 mM dithiothreitol, at 37°C
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TURNOVER NUMBER [1/s]
SUBSTRATE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
19.4
3-Cyano-L-alanine
-
in 50 mM sodium phosphate (pH 8.0) containing 0.2% (w/v) BSA with 5 mM substrate, at 35°C
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SPECIFIC ACTIVITY [µmol/min/mg]
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
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pH OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
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pH RANGE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
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TEMPERATURE OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
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TEMPERATURE RANGE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
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ORGANISM
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
UNIPROT
SEQUENCE DB
SOURCE
isoform LaNIT4A, in addition to nitrilase activity, enzyme shows cyanoalanine hydratase activity
SwissProt
brenda
isoform LaNIT4B, in addition to nitrilase activity, enzyme shows cyanoalanine hydratase activity
SwissProt
brenda
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SOURCE TISSUE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
SOURCE
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GENERAL INFORMATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
malfunction
metabolism
physiological function
-
increased expression of beta-cyanoalanine nitrilase improves cyanide tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana
malfunction
-
the NIT4 deletion shows decreased growth along with altered chlorophyll content under water deficit as compared to the wild type
malfunction
a nit4 knockout mutant of Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes CECT 5344 becomes severely impaired in its ability to grow with 3-cyanoalanine and cyanide as nitrogen sources
malfunction
Pseudomonas oleovorans CECT 5344
-
a nit4 knockout mutant of Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes CECT 5344 becomes severely impaired in its ability to grow with 3-cyanoalanine and cyanide as nitrogen sources
-
metabolism
the gene cluster including cio1 and nit4 could be involved both in cyanide resistance and in its assimilation by Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes CECT 5344
metabolism
Pseudomonas oleovorans CECT 5344
-
the gene cluster including cio1 and nit4 could be involved both in cyanide resistance and in its assimilation by Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes CECT 5344
-
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UNIPROT
ENTRY NAME
ORGANISM
NO. OF AA
NO. OF TRANSM. HELICES
MOLECULAR WEIGHT[Da]
SOURCE
SEQUENCE
LOCALIZATION PREDICTION
The reliability class of the localization prediction ranges from 1 (very reliable) to 5 (not reliable).
The reliability class of the localization prediction ranges from 1 (very reliable) to 5 (not reliable). NRL4A_LUPAN
349
0
37762
Swiss-Prot
other Location (Reliability: 3)
NRL4A_TOBAC
349
0
37555
Swiss-Prot
other Location (Reliability: 3)
NRL4B_LUPAN
350
0
38055
Swiss-Prot
other Location (Reliability: 2)
NRL4B_TOBAC
348
0
37534
Swiss-Prot
other Location (Reliability: 3)
NRL4_ARATH
355
0
38895
Swiss-Prot
other Location (Reliability: 3)
NRL4_ORYSJ
362
0
38676
Swiss-Prot
other Location (Reliability: 3)