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Enzyme Nomenclature
Information on EC 3.5.5.4 - cyanoalanine nitrilase
for references in articles please use BRENDA:EC3.5.5.4
Word Map on EC 3.5.5.4
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The expected taxonomic range for this enzyme is: Eukaryota, Bacteria
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EC NUMBER 
COMMENTARY 
3.5.5.4
-
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RECOMMENDED NAME
GeneOntology No.
cyanoalanine nitrilase
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REACTION
REACTION DIAGRAM
COMMENTARY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
3-cyano-L-alanine + 2 H2O = L-aspartate + NH3
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-
-
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REACTION TYPE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
hydrolysis of nitriles
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-
-
-
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PATHWAY
BRENDA Link
KEGG Link
MetaCyc Link
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SYSTEMATIC NAME
IUBMB Comments
3-cyano-L-alanine aminohydrolase
L-Asparagine is formed as an intermediate. cf. EC 4.2.1.65, 3-cyanoalanine hydratase and EC 3.5.1.1, asparaginase.
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CAS REGISTRY NUMBER
COMMENTARY
85638-44-4
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ORGANISM
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
UNIPROT
SEQUENCE DB
SOURCE
isoform LaNIT4A, in addition to nitrilase activity, enzyme shows cyanoalanine hydratase activity
SwissProt
isoform LaNIT4B, in addition to nitrilase activity, enzyme shows cyanoalanine hydratase activity
SwissProt
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GENERAL INFORMATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
malfunction
-
the NIT4 deletion shows decreased growth along with altered chlorophyll content under water deficit as compared to the wild type
physiological function
-
increased expression of beta-cyanoalanine nitrilase improves cyanide tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana
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SUBSTRATE
PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
phenyl-3-propionitrile + H2O
phenyl-3-propionic acid + NH3
-
-
-
?
3-cyano-L-alanine + H2O
L-aspartate + NH3
-
enzyme has additional hydratase activity for 3-cyano-L-alanine, ratio of hydratase activity to nitrilase activity is 3.3:1. L-asparagine and L-aspartate are formed at the same time, asparagine is not an intermediate
-
?
3-cyano-L-alanine + H2O
L-aspartate + NH3
-
enzyme has additional hydratase activity for 3-cyano-L-alanine, ratio of hydratase activity to nitrilase activity is 4:1. L-asparagine and L-aspartate are formed at the same time, asparagine is not an intermediate
-
?
3-cyano-L-alanine + H2O
L-aspartate + NH3
-
-
L-asparagine is formed as an intermediate
?
3-cyano-L-alanine + H2O
L-aspartate + NH3
-
-
L-asparagine is formed as an intermediate
?
3-cyano-L-alanine + H2O
L-aspartate + NH3
-
high activity substrate for isozyme complexes NIT4A/B2 and NIT4A/B1
-
-
ir
beta-cyano-L-alanine + H2O
L-aspartate + NH3
-
L-asparagine is formed as an intermediate
-
-
?
beta-cyano-L-alanine + H2O
L-aspartate + NH3
-
L-asparagine is formed as an intermediate
-
-
?
beta-cyano-L-alanine + H2O
L-aspartate + NH3
-
L-asparagine is formed as an intermediate
-
-
?
beta-cyano-L-alanine + H2O
L-aspartate + NH3
-
L-asparagine is formed as an intermediate
-
-
?
beta-cyano-L-alanine + H2O
L-aspartate + NH3
-
L-asparagine is formed as an intermediate
-
-
?
beta-cyano-L-alanine + H2O
L-aspartate + NH3
-
L-asparagine is formed as an intermediate
-
-
?
beta-cyano-L-alanine + H2O
L-aspartate + NH3
-
L-asparagine is formed as an intermediate
-
-
?
beta-cyano-L-alanine + H2O
L-aspartate + NH3
-
L-asparagine is formed as an intermediate
-
-
?
beta-cyano-L-alanine + H2O
L-aspartate + NH3
-
L-asparagine is formed as an intermediate
-
-
?
beta-cyano-L-alanine + H2O
L-aspartate + NH3
-
L-asparagine is formed as an intermediate
-
-
?
beta-cyano-L-alanine + H2O
L-aspartate + NH3
-
the reaction is catalyzed only by isoform NIT4A, L-asparagine is formed as an intermediate
-
-
?
beta-cyano-L-alanine + H2O
L-aspartate + NH3
-
L-asparagine is formed as an intermediate
-
-
?
beta-cyano-L-alanine + H2O
L-aspartate + NH3
-
L-asparagine is formed as an intermediate
-
-
?
beta-cyano-L-alanine + H2O
L-aspartate + NH3
-
L-asparagine is formed as an intermediate
-
-
?
beta-cyano-L-alanine + H2O
L-aspartate + NH3
-
L-asparagine is formed as an intermediate
-
-
?
beta-cyano-L-alanine + H2O
L-aspartate + NH3
-
L-asparagine is formed as an intermediate
-
-
?
beta-cyano-L-alanine + H2O
L-aspartate + NH3
-
L-asparagine is formed as an intermediate
-
-
?
beta-cyano-L-alanine + H2O
L-aspartate + NH3
-
L-asparagine is formed as an intermediate
-
-
?
beta-cyano-L-alanine + H2O
L-aspartate + NH3
-
L-asparagine is formed as an intermediate
-
-
?
beta-cyano-L-alanine + H2O
L-aspartate + NH3
-
L-asparagine is formed as an intermediate
-
-
?
beta-cyano-L-alanine + H2O
L-aspartate + NH3
-
L-asparagine is formed as an intermediate
-
-
?
beta-cyano-L-alanine + H2O
L-aspartate + NH3
-
L-asparagine is formed as an intermediate
-
-
?
beta-cyano-L-alanine + H2O
L-aspartate + NH3
-
L-asparagine is formed as an intermediate
-
-
?
beta-cyano-L-alanine + H2O
L-aspartate + NH3
-
L-asparagine is formed as an intermediate
-
-
?
beta-cyano-L-alanine + H2O
L-aspartate + NH3
-
the reaction is catalyzed only by isoform NIT4A, L-asparagine is formed as an intermediate
-
-
?
beta-cyano-L-alanine + H2O
L-aspartate + NH3
-
L-asparagine is formed as an intermediate
-
-
?
beta-cyano-L-alanine + H2O
L-aspartate + NH3
-
L-asparagine is formed as an intermediate
-
-
?
beta-cyano-L-alanine + H2O
L-aspartate + NH3
-
L-asparagine is formed as an intermediate
-
-
?
beta-cyano-L-alanine + H2O
L-aspartate + NH3
-
L-asparagine is formed as an intermediate
-
-
?
beta-cyano-L-alanine + H2O
L-aspartate + NH3
-
L-asparagine is formed as an intermediate
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
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indole-3-acetonitrile is no substrate for NIT-T4
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-
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additional information
?
-
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isoform NIT4B does not show beta-cyano-L-alanine-hydrolyzing activity
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-
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additional information
?
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no substrate: indole-3-acetonitrile
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-
-
additional information
?
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no substrate: indole-3-acetonitrile
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-
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additional information
?
-
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no substrates are various nitrile or amide compounds, overview
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-
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additional information
?
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no substrates are various nitrile or amide compounds, overview
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additional information
?
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recombinant NIT4 isozymes NIT4A, NIT4B1, and NIT4B2 do not hydrolyze 3-cyano-L-alanine, benzonitrile, 4-hydroxybenzonitrile, butyronitrile, and 4-pentenenitrile
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additional information
?
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isoform NIT4B1 does not show any beta-cyano-L-alanine-hydrolyzing activity
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-
-
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NATURAL SUBSTRATES
NATURAL PRODUCTS
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
REVERSIBILITY
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
3-cyano-L-alanine + H2O
L-aspartate + NH3
-
-
L-asparagine is formed as an intermediate
?
3-cyano-L-alanine + H2O
L-aspartate + NH3
-
-
L-asparagine is formed as an intermediate
?
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INHIBITORS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
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ACTIVATING COMPOUND
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
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KM VALUE [mM]
SUBSTRATE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
0.69
3-Cyano-L-alanine
-
in 50 mM sodium phosphate (pH 8.0) containing 0.2% (w/v) BSA with 5 mM substrate, at 35°C
0.86
3-Cyano-L-alanine
-
isozyme complex NIT4A/B1, in 50 mM potassium phosphate (pH 8.0), 1 mM dithiothreitol, at 37°C
0.89
3-Cyano-L-alanine
-
isozyme complex NIT4A/B2, in 50 mM potassium phosphate (pH 8.0), 1 mM dithiothreitol, at 37°C
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TURNOVER NUMBER [1/s]
SUBSTRATE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
19.4
3-Cyano-L-alanine
-
in 50 mM sodium phosphate (pH 8.0) containing 0.2% (w/v) BSA with 5 mM substrate, at 35°C
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SPECIFIC ACTIVITY [µmol/min/mg]
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
143.7
substrate 3-cyano-L-alanine, pH 8.0, 37°C; substrate 3-cyano-L-alanine, pH 8.0, 37°C
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pH OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
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pH RANGE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
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TEMPERATURE OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
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TEMPERATURE RANGE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
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SOURCE TISSUE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
SOURCE
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MOLECULAR WEIGHT
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
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SUBUNITS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
polymer
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Crystallization/COMMENTARY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
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pH STABILITY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
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TEMPERATURE STABILITY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
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GENERAL STABILITY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
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Purification/COMMENTARY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
Ni-Sepharose Fast Flow column chromatography and Sephadex G-15 gel filtration
-
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Cloned/COMMENTARY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
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ENGINEERING
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
additional information
additional information
-
PinA is able to complement a nit4 mutation in Arabidopsis thaliana. Overexpression of PinA in wild-type Arabidopsis thaliana results in increased growth in high concentrations of 3-cyano-L-alanine and in increased root elongation in the absence of exogenous 3-cyano-L-alanine
additional information
-
PinA is able to complement a nit4 mutation in Arabidopsis thaliana. Overexpression of PinA in wild-type Arabidopsis thaliana results in increased growth in high concentrations of 3-cyano-L-alanine and in increased root elongation in the absence of exogenous 3-cyano-L-alanine
-
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APPLICATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
degradation
degradation
-
this enzyme is of interest for the use in the biodegradation of cyanide and the degradation of nitrile wastes
degradation
-
this enzyme is of interest for the use in the biodegradation of cyanide and the degradation of nitrile wastes
degradation
-
this enzyme is of interest for the use in the biodegradation of cyanide and the degradation of nitrile wastes
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LINKS TO OTHER DATABASES (specific for EC-Number 3.5.5.4)
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