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Information on EC 3.5.4.42 - N-isopropylammelide isopropylaminohydrolase
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3.5.4.42 N-isopropylammelide isopropylaminohydrolaseIUBMB Comments
Requires Zn2+. This bacterial enzyme is involved in degradation of the herbicide atrazine. It can hydrolyse other N-substituted amino dihydroxy-s-triazine molecules, and prefers substrates with linear N-alkyl groups to those with branched alkyl groups.
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The expected taxonomic range for this enzyme is: Bacteria, Eukaryota
Synonyms
n-isopropylammelide isopropylaminohydrolase, 
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SYNONYM 
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY 
LITERATURE
amidase, N-isopropylammelide
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AtzC
EC 3.5.99.4
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formerly
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IAIA
N-isopropylammelide amidase
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N-isopropylammelide isopropylamidohydrolase
AtzC
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REACTION
REACTION DIAGRAM
COMMENTARY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
N-isopropylammelide + H2O = cyanuric acid + isopropylamine
Involved in a pathway by which the herbicide atrazine, 2-chloro-4-(ethylamino)-6-(isopopylamino)-1,3,5-triazine, is degraded in bacteria via N-isopropylammelide, 2,4-dihydroxy-6-(isopropylamino)-1,3,5-triazine
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REACTION TYPE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
hydrolysis of C-N bond
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PATHWAY SOURCE
PATHWAYS
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SYSTEMATIC NAME
IUBMB Comments
N-isopropylammelide isopropylaminohydrolase
Requires Zn2+. This bacterial enzyme is involved in degradation of the herbicide atrazine. It can hydrolyse other N-substituted amino dihydroxy-s-triazine molecules, and prefers substrates with linear N-alkyl groups to those with branched alkyl groups.
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CAS REGISTRY NUMBER
COMMENTARY
203810-02-0
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SUBSTRATE
PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
6-(propan-2-ylamino)-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diol + H2O
1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triol + propan-2-amine
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ir
N-isopropylammelide + H2O
?
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involved in a pathway by which the herbicide atrazine, 2-chloro-4-(ethylamino)-6-(isopopylamino)-1,3,5-triazine, is degraded in bacteria via N-isopropylammelide, 2,4-dihydroxy-6-(isopropylamino)-1,3,5-triazine
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?
additional information
?
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the isolated strain is capable of degrading atrazine. Displacement of the three substituents on the s-triazine ring is mediated by three enzymatic steps encoded by the genes atzA, atzB, and atzC. AtzC stoichiometrically metabolizes N-isopropylammelide to cyanuric acid and N-isopropylamine
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?
N-isopropyl ammelide + H2O
cyanuric acid + propan-2-amine
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ir
N-isopropyl ammelide + H2O
cyanuric acid + propan-2-amine
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-
-
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ir
N-isopropyl ammelide + H2O
cyanuric acid + propan-2-amine
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-
-
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ir
N-isopropyl ammelide + H2O
cyanuric acid + propan-2-amine
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-
-
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ir
N-isopropyl ammelide + H2O
cyanuric acid + propan-2-amine
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-
-
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ir
N-isopropyl ammelide + H2O
cyanuric acid + propan-2-amine
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-
-
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ir
N-isopropyl ammelide + H2O
cyanuric acid + propan-2-amine
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ir
N-isopropylammelide + H2O
cyanuric acid + isopropylamine
Flavobacterium oryzihabitans
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?
N-isopropylammelide + H2O
cyanuric acid + isopropylamine
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degradation via hydroxyatrazine
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?
N-isopropylammelide + H2O
cyanuric acid + isopropylamine
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transiently accumulated as an intermediary metabolite in the water phase and subsequently mineralised through triazine ring cleavage by other microbes
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?
N-isopropylammelide + H2O
cyanuric acid + isopropylamine
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transiently accumulated as an intermediary metabolite in the water phase and subsequently mineralised through triazine ring cleavage by other microbes
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?
N-isopropylammelide + H2O
cyanuric acid + isopropylamine
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?
N-isopropylammelide + H2O
cyanuric acid + isopropylamine
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?
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NATURAL SUBSTRATE
NATURAL PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
REVERSIBILITY
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
6-(propan-2-ylamino)-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diol + H2O
1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triol + propan-2-amine
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ir
N-isopropylammelide + H2O
?
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involved in a pathway by which the herbicide atrazine, 2-chloro-4-(ethylamino)-6-(isopopylamino)-1,3,5-triazine, is degraded in bacteria via N-isopropylammelide, 2,4-dihydroxy-6-(isopropylamino)-1,3,5-triazine
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?
additional information
?
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the isolated strain is capable of degrading atrazine. Displacement of the three substituents on the s-triazine ring is mediated by three enzymatic steps encoded by the genes atzA, atzB, and atzC. AtzC stoichiometrically metabolizes N-isopropylammelide to cyanuric acid and N-isopropylamine
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?
N-isopropyl ammelide + H2O
cyanuric acid + propan-2-amine
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ir
N-isopropyl ammelide + H2O
cyanuric acid + propan-2-amine
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ir
N-isopropyl ammelide + H2O
cyanuric acid + propan-2-amine
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ir
N-isopropyl ammelide + H2O
cyanuric acid + propan-2-amine
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ir
N-isopropyl ammelide + H2O
cyanuric acid + propan-2-amine
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ir
N-isopropyl ammelide + H2O
cyanuric acid + propan-2-amine
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ir
N-isopropyl ammelide + H2O
cyanuric acid + propan-2-amine
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ir
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METALS and IONS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
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INHIBITOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
1,10-phenanthroline
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5 mM, 30% residual activity, Mn2+, Co2+ or Ni2+ restores
8-Hydroxyquinoline-5-sulfonic acid
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5 mM, 30% residual activity, Mn2+, Ni2+ or Co2+ restores
nitrate
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nitrate completely inhibits atrazine degradation activity in strain KU001
additional information
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ammonium and urea have no effect on atrazine degradation activity in strain KU001
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ACTIVATING COMPOUND
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
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KM VALUE [mM]
SUBSTRATE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
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TURNOVER NUMBER [1/s]
SUBSTRATE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
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kcat/KM VALUE [1/mMs-1]
SUBSTRATE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
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Ki VALUE [mM]
INHIBITOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
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SPECIFIC ACTIVITY [µmol/min/mg]
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
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ORGANISM
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
UNIPROT
SEQUENCE DB
SOURCE
isolated from a Thai soil, highly homologous to Arthrobacter histidinolovorans, gene atzC
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brenda
isolated from a Thai soil, highly homologous to Arthrobacter histidinolovorans, gene atzC
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brenda
isolated from Manfredi soil in Argentina used to grow corn and are treated with atrazine for weed control during 3 years, gene atzC
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brenda
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SOURCE TISSUE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
SOURCE
additional information
additional information
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strain KU001 is able to use atrazine as a sole nitrogen source for growth. Atrazine degradation is not inhibited in cells grown on ammonium, nitrate, or urea, as compared with cells cultivated on growth-limiting nitrogen sources
brenda
additional information
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strain KU001 is able to use atrazine as a sole nitrogen source for growth. Atrazine degradation is not inhibited in cells grown on ammonium, nitrate, or urea, as compared with cells cultivated on growth-limiting nitrogen sources
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brenda
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GENERAL INFORMATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
metabolism
physiological function
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the enzyme is involved in degradation of the herbicide atrazine
metabolism
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the atrazine degradation pathway in strain KU001 consisted of the catabolic genes trzN, atzB, and atzC
metabolism
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the atrazine degradation pathway in strain KU001 consisted of the catabolic genes trzN, atzB, and atzC
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PDB
SCOP
CATH
UNIPROT
ORGANISM
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MOLECULAR WEIGHT
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
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SUBUNIT
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
tetramer
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CRYSTALLIZATION (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT