Any feedback?
Please rate this page
(enzyme.php)
(0/150)

BRENDA support

BRENDA Home
show all | hide all No of entries

Information on EC 3.5.4.38 - single-stranded DNA cytosine deaminase and Organism(s) Mus musculus and UniProt Accession Q9WVE0

for references in articles please use BRENDA:EC3.5.4.38
Please wait a moment until all data is loaded. This message will disappear when all data is loaded.
EC Tree
IUBMB Comments
The enzyme exclusively catalyses deamination of cytosine in single-stranded DNA. It preferentially deaminates five-nucleotide bubbles. The optimal target consists of a single-stranded NWRCN motif (W = A or T, R = A or G) . The enzyme initiates antibody diversification processes by deaminating immunoglobulin sequences.
Specify your search results
Select one or more organisms in this record: ?
This record set is specific for:
Mus musculus
UNIPROT: Q9WVE0
Show additional data
Do not include text mining results
Include (text mining) results
Include results (AMENDA + additional results, but less precise)
Word Map
The taxonomic range for the selected organisms is: Mus musculus
The expected taxonomic range for this enzyme is: Eukaryota, Bacteria
Reaction Schemes
cytosine in single-stranded DNA
+
=
uracil in single-stranded DNA
+
Synonyms
apobec3b, apobec3a, apobec3f, activation-induced deaminase, apobec3h, apobec3c, apobec3d, single-stranded dna cytosine deaminase, apobec3z1, ssdna cytidine deaminase, more
SYNONYM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
activation-induced cytidine deaminase
-
activation-induced deaminase
-
activation-induced cytidine deaminase
-
-
AICDA
-
-
SYSTEMATIC NAME
IUBMB Comments
single-stranded DNA cytosine aminohydrolase
The enzyme exclusively catalyses deamination of cytosine in single-stranded DNA. It preferentially deaminates five-nucleotide bubbles. The optimal target consists of a single-stranded NWRCN motif (W = A or T, R = A or G) [2]. The enzyme initiates antibody diversification processes by deaminating immunoglobulin sequences.
SUBSTRATE
PRODUCT                       
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate) hide
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product) hide
LITERATURE
(Product)
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
cytosine in single-stranded DNA + H2O
uracil in single-stranded DNA + NH3
show the reaction diagram
NATURAL SUBSTRATE
NATURAL PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate) hide
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product) hide
LITERATURE
(Product)
REVERSIBILITY
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
cytosine in single-stranded DNA + H2O
uracil in single-stranded DNA + NH3
show the reaction diagram
INHIBITOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
IMAGE
Fe2+
inhibits AID-mediated dC deamination in a dose-dependent fashion
additional information
no inhibition by Zn2+, Mn2+, Mg2+, or Ni2+
-
pH OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
TEMPERATURE OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
ORGANISM
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
UNIPROT
SEQUENCE DB
SOURCE
SOURCE TISSUE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
SOURCE
-
AID expression occurs first in pro-B cells and increases on further development, peak AID expression is in immature and T1 B cells from bone marrow, is lower in splenic T1 B cells, and decreases precipitously in the splenic transitional 2 and mature B-cell compartments
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
additional information
-
AID cDNA is undetectable in totipotent hematopoietic progenitors, and in cells committed to the T lymphocyte or myeloid lineages
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
GENERAL INFORMATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
physiological function
UNIPROT
ENTRY NAME
ORGANISM
NO. OF AA
NO. OF TRANSM. HELICES
MOLECULAR WEIGHT[Da]
SOURCE
SEQUENCE
LOCALIZATION PREDICTION?
AICDA_MOUSE
198
0
24031
Swiss-Prot
other Location (Reliability: 4)
MOLECULAR WEIGHT
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
24000
x * 24000, calculation from sequence
SUBUNIT
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
?
x * 24000, calculation from sequence
POSTTRANSLATIONAL MODIFICATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
phosphoprotein
PROTEIN VARIANTS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
S3A
purified recombinant mutant enzyme S3A and wild-type have similar deamination activities on an ssDNA substrate in vitro. AID-/- B cells expressing AIDS3A show a consistently higher percentage of class-switched IgG1-expressing B cells than control enzyme. Mutating S3 to A does not alter catalysis but does result in increased AID activity in class switch recombination
S3D
AID-/- B cells expressing AID-S3D show a consistently higher percentage of class-switched IgG1-expressing B cells than control enzyme. Mutating S3 to A does not alter catalysis but does result in increased AID activity in class switch recombination
T140A
mutation does not impact catalytic activity, but interfers with class switching and somatic hypermutation in vivo
additional information
-
generation of several enzyme-deficient Aicda-/- mice
PURIFICATION (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
CLONED (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
expression of 3H9 VDJ knock-in alleles in genomic DNA of immature/T1, mature follicular B cells, and thymocytes from 3H9 and 3H9.Aicda-/- mice, quantitative expression analysis by PCR and immunofluorescence
-
EXPRESSION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
expression of activation-induced cytidine deaminase mRNA is induced in splenic B cells that are activated in vitro or by immunizations with sheep red blood cells. In situ hybridization of immunized spleen sections reveals the restricted expression of AID mRNA in developing germinal centers in which modulation of immunoglobulin gene information through somatic hypermutation and class switch recombination takes place
REF.
AUTHORS
TITLE
JOURNAL
VOL.
PAGES
YEAR
ORGANISM (UNIPROT)
PUBMED ID
SOURCE
Wang, J.H.
The role of activation-induced deaminase in antibody diversification and genomic instability
Immunol. Res.
55
287-297
2013
Homo sapiens (Q9GZX7), Mus musculus (Q9WVE0)
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Muramatsu, M.; Sankaranand, V.S.; Anant, S.; Sugai, M.; Kinoshita, K.; Davidson, N.O.; Honjo, T.
Specific expression of activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID), a novel member of the RNA-editing deaminase family in germinal center B cells
J. Biol. Chem.
274
18470-18476
1999
Mus musculus (Q9WVE0), Mus musculus
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Li, G.; Pone, E.J.; Tran, D.C.; Patel, P.J.; Dao, L.; Xu, Z.; Casali, P.
Iron inhibits activation-induced cytidine deaminase enzymatic activity and modulates immunoglobulin class switch DNA recombination
J. Biol. Chem.
287
21520-21529
2012
Mus musculus (Q9WVE0)
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
McBride, K.M.; Gazumyan, A.; Woo, E.M.; Schwickert, T.A.; Chait, B.T.; Nussenzweig, M.C.
Regulation of class switch recombination and somatic mutation by AID phosphorylation
J. Exp. Med.
205
2585-2594
2008
Mus musculus (Q9WVE0)
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Gazumyan, A.; Timachova, K.; Yuen, G.; Siden, E.; Di Virgilio, M.; Woo, E.M.; Chait, B.T.; San-Martin, B.R.; Nussenzweig, M.C.; McBride, K.M.
Amino-terminal phosphorylation of activation-induced cytidine deaminase suppresses c-myc/IgH translocation
Mol. Cell. Biol.
31
442-449
2011
Mus musculus (Q9WVE0)
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Staszewski, O.; Baker, R.E.; Ucher, A.J.; Martier, R.; Stavnezer, J.; Guikema, J.E.
Activation-induced cytidine deaminase induces reproducible DNA breaks at many non-Ig loci in activated B cells
Mol. Cell.
41
232-242
2011
Mus musculus (Q9WVE0)
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Basu, U.; Chaudhuri, J.; Alpert, C.; Dutt, S.; Ranganath, S.; Li, G.; Schrum, J.P.; Manis, J.P.; Alt, F.W.
The AID antibody diversification enzyme is regulated by protein kinase A phosphorylation
Nature
438
508-511
2005
Mus musculus (Q9WVE0)
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
McBride, K.M.; Gazumyan, A.; Woo, E.M.; Barreto, V.M.; Robbiani, D.F.; Chait, B.T.; Nussenzweig, M.C.
Regulation of hypermutation by activation-induced cytidine deaminase phosphorylation
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA
103
8798-8803
2006
Mus musculus (Q9WVE0)
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Cheng, H.L.; Vuong, B.Q.; Basu, U.; Franklin, A.; Schwer, B.; Astarita, J.; Phan, R.T.; Datta, A.; Manis, J.; Alt, F.W.; Chaudhuri, J.
Integrity of the AID serine-38 phosphorylation site is critical for class switch recombination and somatic hypermutation in mice
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA
106
2717-2122
2009
Mus musculus (Q9WVE0)
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Kuraoka, M.; Holl, T.M.; Liao, D.; Womble, M.; Cain, D.W.; Reynolds, A.E.; Kelsoe, G.
Activation-induced cytidine deaminase mediates central tolerance in B cells
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA
108
11560-11565
2011
Mus musculus
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Kumar, R.; Evans, T.
Activation-induced cytidine deaminase regulates fibroblast growth factor/extracellular signal-regulated kinases signaling to achieve the naive pluripotent state during reprogramming
Stem Cells
37
1003-1017
2019
Mus musculus (Q9WVE0)
Manually annotated by BRENDA team